scholarly journals Development of a Low-Emission Combustor for a 100-kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine (IV)

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Sasaki ◽  
Hirotaka Kumakura ◽  
Hiroyuki Ichikawa ◽  
Youichiro Ohkubo ◽  
Yuusaku Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Uniform Flow ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stable Combustion ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Swirl Chamber ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Combustion Region

A low emission combustor, which uses a prevaporization-premixing lean combustion system for the 100-kW automotive ceramic gas turbine (CGT), has been subjected to performance tests. A second combustor prototype (PPL-2). which incorporates improvements intended to overcome a flashback problem observed in an initiel combustor prototype (PPL-1), had been tested. Now combustors with further improvements accomplished to the PPL-2 prototype, is tested. Test results of the PPL-2 combustor showed that, increasing the air distribution ratio in the lean combustion region to aviod flashback, and by providing a uniform flow layer at the entrance of the combustion region so as to supress flashback, were effective in expanding the stable combustion range by substantially improving the flashback characteristics. To improve the flashback characteristics further more, we have redesinged the bluffbody and the swirl chamber so as to obtain uniform flow of the mixture, in the prevaporization premixing zone. Test results shows that the flashback characteristics has been greatly improved, and a wide stable combustion range, needed to operate the 100-kW CGT engine, was obtained.

Development of a Low-Emission Combustor for a 100-kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine (III)

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Sasaki ◽  
Hirotaka Kumakura ◽  
Daishi Suzuki ◽  
Hiroyuki Ichikawa ◽  
Youichiro Ohkubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Stable Combustion ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Combustion Region

A low emission combustor, which uses a prevaporization-premixing lean combustion system for the 100 kW automotive ceramic gas turbine (CGT), has been subjected to performance tests. Now a second combustor prototype (PPL-2), which incorporates improvements intended to overcome a flashback problem observed in an initial combustor prototype (PPL-1), is tested. The PPL-2 has been designed and built, so that it will substantially expand the stable combustion range. The improvement is accomplished by increasing the air distribution ratio in the lean combustion region to avoid flashback, providing a uniform flow velocity through the throat area and also by diluting the boundary layer so as to suppress flashback. Test results of the PPL-2 combustor show that it expands the flashback limit without affecting the blow out limit and is able to cover the stable combustion range need for the 100kW CGT.

Development of a Low-Emission Combustor for a 100-kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine (II)

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kumakura ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
D. Suzuki ◽  
H. Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Combustion Tests

Performance tests were conducted on a low-emission combustor, which has a pre-vaporization–premixing lean combustion system and is designed for a 100 kW automotive ceramic gas turbine. The results of steady-state combustion tests performed at an inlet temperature of 1000–1200 K and pressure of 0.1–0.34 MPa indicate that the combustor would meet Japan’s emission standards for gasoline engine passenger cars without using an aftertreatment system. Flashback was suppressed by controlling the mixture velocity and air ratios. Strength tests conducted on rings and bars cut from the actual ceramic parts indicate that the combustor has nearly the same level of strength as standard test specimens.

scholarly journals Evaporation Characteristics of Spray in a Lean Premixed-Prevaporization Combustor for a 100 KW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichlrou Ohkubo ◽  
Yoshinorl Idota ◽  
Yoshihiro Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flame Stabilization ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Swirl Chamber ◽  
Lean Premixed

Spray characteristics of liquid fuel air-assisted atomizers developed for a lean premixed-prevaporization combustor were evaluated under two kinds of conditions: in still air under non-evaporation conditions at atmospheric pressure and in a prevaporization-premixing tube under evaporation conditions with a running gas turbine. The non-evaporated mass fraction of fuel spray was measured using a phase Doppler particle analyzer in the prevaporization-premixing tube, in which the inlet temperature ranged from 873K to 1173K. The evaporation of the fuel spray in the tube is mainly controlled by its atomization and distribution. The NOx emission characteristics measured with a combustor test rig were evaluated with three-dimensional numerical simulations. A low non-evaporated mass fraction of less than 10% was effective in reducing the exhausted NOx from lean premixed-prevaporization combustion to about 1/6 times smaller than that from lean diffusion (spray) combustion. The flow patterns in the combustor are established by a swirl chamber in fuel-air preparation tube, and affect the flame stabilization of lean combustion.

Development of a Low Emission Combustor for a 100kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine: I

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Sasaki ◽  
Hirotaka Kumakura ◽  
Daishi Suzuki ◽  
Katsuhiko Sugiyama ◽  
Youichirou Ohkubo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Suitable System

A low emission combustor for a 100kW ceramic gas turbine, which is intended to meet Japanese emission standards for gasoline passenger cars, has been designed and subjected to initial performance tests. A prevaporization-premixing combustion system was chosen as the most suitable system for the combustor. The detailed combustor design, including the use of ceramic components and fuel injectors, was pursued taking into account the allowable engine dimensions for vehicle installation. In the initial performance tests conducted at a combustor inlet temperature of 773K, a low NOx level was obtained that satisfied the steady state target at this temperature level.

Performance of a Dry Low-NOx Gas Turbine Combustor Designed With a New Fuel Supply Concept

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wakabayashi ◽  
S. Ito ◽  
S. Koga ◽  
M. Ippommatsu ◽  
K. Moriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
Lean Premixed Combustion ◽  
Fuel Distribution ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
Stable Combustion ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Combustion Region ◽  
Pressurized Combustion

This paper describes the performance of a dry low-NOx gas turbine combustor designed with a new fuel supply concept. This concept uses automatic fuel distribution achieved by an interaction between the fuel jet and the airflow. At high loads, most of the fuel is supplied to the lean premixed combustion region for low-NOx, while at low loads, it is supplied to the pilot combustion region for stable combustion. A numerical simulation was carried out to estimate the equivalence ratio in the fuel supply unit. Next, through the pressurized combustion experiments on the combustor with this fuel supply unit using natural gas as fuel, it was confirmed that NOx emissions were reduced and stable combustion was achieved over a wide equivalence ratio range.

Performance Tests for Development of a Dry Low NOx Combustor

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungmo Kim ◽  
Poomin Park ◽  
Sooseok Yang ◽  
Youngsung Ko
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Pulsation ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Main Burner ◽  
Test Pressure ◽  
Exit Temperature ◽  
Transition Piece

A 5MW-gas turbine engine (DGT-5) for power generation is currently under development by Doosan Heavy Industries, funded under a national R&D program. Tests of its combustor performance are carried out by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI). The combustor is a Dry Low NOx (DLN) type premixed combustor consisting of dual radial swirl burners, air-cooled liner, transition piece, and torch system. It uses natural gas as fuel. Measured characteristics of the combustor include emissions, pressure pulsation, and exit temperature distribution. The optimal operation point of the combustor is found by investigating parameters such as the fuel ratio between the pilot and the main burner and various total fuel rates. The test results show that the combustor performance satisfies the requirements for a gas turbine system. The following results are obtained from the test: pressure loss<4.3; NOx emissions<20ppm; PF<7.6%; Pressure pulsation amplitude <2kPa at low pressure (3bar, a), 100% load and FR 0.2 conditions.

Catalysts for Gas Turbine Combustors—Experimental Test Results

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. DeCorso ◽  
S. Mumford ◽  
R. V. Carrubba ◽  
R. Heck
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Thermal Combustion

This paper describes experimental test runs utilizing catalytically supported thermal combustion for gas turbine application. Test fuels were No. 2 distillate oil and low Btu synthetic coal gas. The tests were carried out over a range of pressure, temperature, and mass flow conditions. Analysis of these results are presented and the implications for future combustor design are discussed. Catalytically supported thermal combustion demonstrated the potential for very low emission performance.

Hybrid vehicle simulation for a turbogenerator-based power-train

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Leontopoulos ◽  
M. R. Etemad ◽  
K. R. Pullen ◽  
M. U. Lamperth
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Power Train ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Zero Emissions Vehicle

The potential of the turbogenerator-based power-train for hybrid vehicles is described. Data from a small gas turbine, a prototype high-speed generator and an advanced lead-acid battery pack show that the ‘turboelectric’ concept is feasible and can provide a viable road transport solution which will comply with the stringent environmental legislation. The simulation results show improved overall vehicle efficiencies due to the implementation of regenerative braking capability. Most importantly the lean combustion of the gas-turbine engine with a suitable energy control strategy can provide lower emissions than ultra-low-emission vehicle (ULEV) limits, while an acceptable zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) driving range can be achieved for city centres.

Effects of Major Design and Operating Parameters on Achieving Low Emissions From Gas Turbine Combustors

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Demetri
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Primary Zone ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
And Performance

The results of a research program involving the design and performance testing of two low-emission combustors for vehicular gas turbine applications are described. The novel features of the combustor designs tested include the use of airblast fuel nozzles, a relatively high value of pressure-loss factor to promote vigorous mixing, and variable geometry to control the liner air flow distributions. Particular emphasis is placed on describing the relative effects of primary-zone equivalence ratio, combustor inlet temperature and pressure, residence time, and the uniformity of the fuel/air distribution in the primary zone. Guidelines for the future design of low-emission combustors based on the observed effects are also presented. The major conclusion reached is that essentially conventional combustor configurations have the capability of achieving the specified emission goals.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-Emission Combustor for a 100-kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine: II

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Kumakura ◽  
Masafumi Sasaki ◽  
Daishi Suzuki ◽  
Hiroyuki Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Lean Combustion ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Combustion Tests

Perfomance tests were conducted on a low-emission combustor which has a prevaporization-premixing lean combustion system and is designed for a 100 kW automotive ceramic gas turbine. The results of steady-state combustion tests performed at an inlet temperature of 1000–1200 K and pressure of 0.1–0.34 MPa indicate that the combustor would meet Japan’s emission standards for gasoline engine passenger cars without using an aftertreatment system. Flashback was suppressed by controlling the mixture velocity and air ratios. Strength tests conducted on rings and bars cut from the actual ceramic parts indicate that the combustor has nearly the same level of strength as standard test specimens.

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