Finishing of Tooth Flanks of Pinion Cutter With Profiled Grinding Wheel in Consideration of Accuracy of Cutting Edge After Regrinding

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro Yoshino ◽  
Fumihiro Ohshima ◽  
Ming Shao
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Helical Motion ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Arbitrary Profile ◽  
Element Removal Method ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Element Removal

Abstract Two kinds of relief grinding methods for pinion cutters with profiled grinding wheels are proposed. One method finishes an involute pinion cutter with almost no regrinding error by giving the helical motion smaller or larger than that corresponding to the helix angle of the pinion cutter. Another is for a pinion cutter with an arbitrary profile, including the involute pinion cutter with a modified profile or protuberance. The tooth flank is finished by giving the three motions, i.e., the helical and approaching motions between the grinding wheel and work pinion cutter and the shifting motion of the grinding wheel. The profile calculation was conducted by using the element removal method. It was shown that the regrinding errors of the pinion cutters being finished by the proposed methods become smaller than that of pinion cutters finished by giving only the approaching motion (conventional method). The finishing tests of the involute helical pinion cutters were carried out on the CNC gear form-grinding machine with the four controlled axes. The profiles of cutting edges of the finished pinion cutters almost agreed with the calculated ones.

scholarly journals Process Related Characteristic-Based Topography Evaluation of Wear Conditions On Grinding Wheels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maikel Strug ◽  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Bernd Breidenstein ◽  
Alexander Krödel-Worbes
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Dressing Tool ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Related Characteristic ◽  
Milling Tools

Abstract Non-productive auxiliary processes affect the single part and small badge production of milling tools. The key production process grinding is inevitably linked to the auxiliary conditioning process. The time demand of those process steps decreases the overall productivity of the manufacturing process. However, today the machine operator decides on conditioning cycles individually by the use of experience. Until today, there is no objective data based approach available that supports the initiation of these conditioning processes or the adaption of the grinding process itself in order to improve its process efficiency. For this purpose, a process related topography evaluation method of the grinding wheel surface is developed within this study. For the measurement an optical method based on laser triangulation is used. The measurement system is implemented into a common tool grinding machine tool. In addition, characteristic topography values are defined that show the wear conditions of the grinding tool. Moreover, the data is summarized in a database of wear conditions. The developed measurement method can save grinding and dressing tool resources, process times and minimizes scrap parts. In addition, an adaptation of the process and a targeted launch of auxiliary processes can be enabled. The novel characteristic-based topography measurement creates the opportunity to enhance the tool life of the grinding wheels up to 30 % without losing productivity.

Dynamic Behavior of Different Grinding Wheel Hub Material in High Efficiency Deep Grinding (HEDG)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taghi Tawakoli ◽  
Alireza Vesali
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Process Measurement ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Wheel Vibration

Machining accuracy and productivity of the grinding process can be mainly affected by the dynamic behavior of the different components participating in grinding process, e.g. grinding wheel, grinding machine and workpiece. Amongst others, design and material of the grinding wheels play a significant role in grinding performance. Therefore, controlling the dynamic behavior of the grinding wheel through an in-process monitoring and a post-process measurement seems an appropriate approach to optimize the grinding process, especially in high efficiency deep grinding (HEDG). This paper presents the results of the grinding tests, which were conducted using two different vitrified bonded CBN wheels — one with Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) hub body and other one with steel hub body. The experiments have been carried out using a new in-process measurement system which allows the detection of the wheel vibration amplitudes and frequencies in different location of the wheel body during grinding. It was proved that the dynamic behavior of grinding wheels can affect the chip removal mechanism. The experimental investigation showed that grinding parameters and coolant supply conditions in HEDG process can affect the dynamic behavior of the grindings wheels. Furthermore, using CFRP as the hub material leads to a reduction in the wheel vibration and generated amplitudes.

Some Problems Connected With Balancing of Grinding Wheels

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gawlak
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Unanimous Opinion ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Machine Vibration ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

In most publications, the unanimous opinion prevails that an increase of grinding machine vibration as well as deterioration of workpiece quality are observed when the grinding wheel imbalance is on the increase. However, various data on the qualitative influence of wheel imbalance on the realization of the grinding process occur. In this paper a theoretical explanation of the influence of wheel imbalance on the dynamics of grinding, as well as the course and results of investigations proving theoretical considerations, are described. The widely known opinion is that only one-plane balancing of the grinding wheel is sufficient. Also the majority of wheel balancing equipment has the capability of only one-plane imbalance corrections. The purpose of the present paper is to prove that the wheels used in precision grinding always should be balanced in two planes.

Form Grinding of Helical Gears: Effects of Disk Shaped Tools Plunging

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Gorla ◽  
Francesco Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Tool Axis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Tooth Flank

Following the example of aerospace transmissions producers, nowadays, more and more industrial fields are interested in reducing transmission noise and vibration and in increasing operating life. This requires a precise understanding of the real transmission behavior since the first steps of the design process. The usual approach is to apply theoretical meshing loads and to compute web, rim and supporting structures deflections by one of the several available methods (i.e. Finite Element Method), in order to predict stresses and deformations. But these calculations usually neglect that deformations modify gear meshing conditions, and therefore also load conditions can be very different from the theoretical ones. In order to realize models that simulate the contact between the actual tooth surfaces, taking into account the actual gear meshing conditions, we first need to know the gear tooth flank microgeometry. Also the experimental development phase of gear pairs could take advantage from a theoretical prediction of gear tooth flank micro-geometry, in order to minimize the necessary trials to set up the grinding machine. In this paper, a method and a software to compute the actual micro-geometry of ground tooth flank surfaces of helical gears is presented. In particular the grinding process by means of disk shaped tools has been studied. The effects of the choice of various parameters (especially the angle between the gear and the tool axis) have been investigated. The effects of tool plunging during its motion along the gear face have also been considered in order to appreciate the undesired modifications of tooth transverse and normal sections, caused by the particular shape of the instantaneous contact lines between the grinding wheel and the gear tooth flank being ground. The introduction of a new component of the tool relative velocity with respect to the gear, in fact, modifies the meshing conditions between the gear and the tool. The modification of the tool axis orientation, during the grinding operation, reduces this undesired effect. As a result of these calculations, the exact theoretical surface for more realistic meshing simulation is available, and, furthermore, the run of some simulations can give some helpful hints to set up the grinding machine and to design the grinding wheel.

Calculation of Effective Ground Depth of Cut by Means of Grinding Process Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Michael N. Morgan ◽  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Kohichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Grinding Machine

In order to obtain the effective depth of cut on the ground surface, a new grinding process model taking into account thermal expansions of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, elastic deformations of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel and the workpiece and the wheel wear was proposed. Using proposed model, the effective depth of cut was calculated using measured results of the applied depth of cut and the normal grinding force.

scholarly journals Performance of Norton Quantum Grinding Wheels

2016 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Neslušan ◽  
Jitka Baďurová ◽  
Anna Mičietová ◽  
Maria Čiliková
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Grinding Forces ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Surface Burn ◽  
Conventional Grinding

This paper deals with cutting ability of progressive Norton Quantum grinding wheel during grinding roll bearing steel 100Cr6 of hardness 61 HRC. Cutting ability of this wheel is compared with conventional grinding wheel and based on measurement of grinding forces as well as surface roughness. Results of experiments show that Norton Quantum grinding wheels are capable of long term grinding cycles at high removal rates without unacceptable occurrence of grinding chatter and surface burn whereas application of conventional wheel can produce excessive vibration and remarkable temper colouring of ground surface. Moreover, while Norton Quantum grinding wheel gives nearly constant grinding forces and surface roughness within ground length at higher removal rates, conventional grinding wheel (as that reported in this study) does not.

The Three-Dimensional Surface Topographic Characterisation of Diamond Grinding Wheels

2010 ◽  
Vol 126-128 ◽  
pp. 690-695
Author(s):  
David Lee Butler
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Diamond Grinding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Surface measurement using three-dimensional stylus instruments is a relatively new technique that offers numerous advantages over more traditional profilometry methods. The information generated is, unlike profile measurement, less subjective and more statistical providing additional insight into the surface structure. One application of surface measurement that has encountered problems when using the profilometry method is that of grinding wheel characterisation. The wheel surface texture (topography) and the conditions under which it is generated have a profound effect upon the grinding performance as characterised by the grinding forces, power consumption, temperature, and surface integrity of components. A detailed knowledge of the nature of the topography of the grinding wheel would provide further insight into surface interactions between the wheel and workpiece as well as enabling improved control of the grinding process in general. In this paper four diamond grinding wheels of 91 and 181 micron grit size were subjected to differing dressing conditions to produce varying final wheel topographies. Three-dimensional surface measurement techniques were employed to quantitatively characterise the topographic change and provide an aerial estimation of the number of cutting grains. The results demonstrate that the techniques can distinguish between a worn and dressed wheel. In addition, the parametric values generated from the various surfaces can aid the user in determining when re-dressing is required.

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