The Study of Magnetorheological Elastomer Based on Natural Rubber (NR)/Thermoplastic Elastomer SEBS Hybrid Matrix: Experimental and Numerical Simulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xincheng Song ◽  
Wenju Wang ◽  
Fufeng Yang ◽  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Rui
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Multiphase Model ◽  
Hybrid Matrix ◽  
Mr Effect ◽  
Physical Blending

Abstract Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) is one kind of smart materials which is mainly made up of matrix materials and magnetic particles, their mechanical properties can be controlled under an external magnetic field. Applications of MREs are limited as a result of their poor MR effect and mechanical performance, so enhancing MR effect of MREs are critical for their application. This study aimed to fabricate MREs with high MR effect, the thermoplastic elastomer styrene-ethylene butylene-styrene triblockcopolymer (SEBS) was added into natural rubber (NR) and physical blending technology was used to fabricate hybrid matrix based MREs. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis showed that, with the addition of SEBS, zero modulus of MREs increased from 0.50 MPa to 0.64 MPa and MR effect increased from 28.00% to 43.75%. The multiphase model in ANSYS software was adopted to analysis the process of physical blending. The numerical simulation result showed that it was more easy to mix matrix evenly with the increase of volume fraction of SEBS.

The Study of Magnetorheological Elastomer Based on Natural Rubber (NR)/Polybutadiene Rubber (BR) Hybrid Matrix: Experimental and Numerical Simulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xincheng Song ◽  
Wenju Wang ◽  
Fufeng Yang ◽  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Rui
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Homogeneous System ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomer ◽  
Hybrid Matrix ◽  
Polybutadiene Rubber

Abstract Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is a new kind of smart materials whose mechanical properties can be controlled under external magnetic field and it is mainly consist of matrix materials and magnetic particles. In this work, the natural rubber (NR)/polybutadiene rubber (BR) hybrid matrix based MRE were prepared and the compatibility of NR and BR were studied. The hybrid matrix was prepared by physical mixing method. The characterization results showed that the BR had excellent compatibility with NR. The measurement result using rheological showed that the MR effect can be increased to 44.19% by adding of BR. The dynamic thermomechanical analysis showed that the hybrid matrix formed a homogeneous system when the ratio of BR and NR is 1/9 and 3/7. The particles was mixed with matrix using physical technology. The process of mixing was analyzed by numerical simulation. The simulation result showed that the increase of diameter of particles would increase the temperature and velocity of matrix in mixing. The particles was distributed evenly at enough mixing time and the mixing time was decreased with the diameter of particles.

The study of enhancement of magnetorheological effect based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer SEBS hybrid matrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xincheng Song ◽  
Wenju Wang ◽  
Fufeng Yang ◽  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Rui
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Hybrid Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Magnetorheological Effect

Magnetorheological elastomers are one kind of smart materials which consist of matrix materials and magnetic particles. The mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers were controllable under an external magnetic field. Applications of magnetorheological elastomers are limited as a result of their poor magnetorheological effect and mechanical performance, so enhancing the magnetorheological effect of them is critical for their application. Styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer was added to natural rubber to fabricate hybrid matrix–based magnetorheological elastomers. Zero modulus of magnetorheological elastomers increased from 0.50 to 0.64 MPa and magnetorheological effect increased from 28.00% to 43.75% with the addition of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer. The contact angle of carbonyl iron particles with the matrix showed that styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer can improve the compatibility of carbonyl iron particles with the matrix. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis has been carried out to investigate the internal structure of hybrid matrix–based magnetorheological elastomers.

The study of natural rubber/polybutadiene rubber hybrid matrix-based magnetorheological elastomer

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Xincheng Song ◽  
Wenju Wang ◽  
Fufeng Yang ◽  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Rui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Cohesive Energy ◽  
Md Simulation ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Homogeneous System ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomer ◽  
Cohesive Energy Density ◽  
Hybrid Matrix ◽  
Polybutadiene Rubber

Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) that consists of matrix materials and magnetic particles is a kind of smart material, whose mechanical properties were controllable under external magnetic field. In this work, natural rubber (NR)/polybutadiene rubber (BR) hybrid matrix-based MRE was prepared. The compatibility of NR and BR was studied by experiment and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The hybrid matrix was prepared using the physical mixing method. The characterization results showed that BR had excellent compatibility with NR. The measurement result using rheometer showed that the MR effect can be increased to 44.19% by the addition of BR. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the hybrid matrix formed a homogeneous system when the ratio of BR and NR is 1:9 and 3:7. The MD simulation showed that the BR and NR are compatible and the cohesive energy density of hybrid matrix was smaller than BR and NR. The cohesive energy density of hybrid matrix was increased with the increase of BR.

scholarly journals Influence of Additives on Thermal Properties and Morphological of Magnetorheological Elastomer

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Ku Zarina Ku Ahmad ◽  
MHA Khairi ◽  
SA Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Roll Mill

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are categorized as part of the smart materials class whose rheological properties can be altered under the influence of a magnetic field. MREs are fabricated by embedding soft magnetic particles such as carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) in a rubber matrix such as silicone and natural rubber. In this project, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR-50) is used as a base material with carbonyl iron particles. Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate (SAIB) ester is added to the formulation to improve the viscosity and enhance the MRE properties. The isotropic MRE is fabricated using two roll mill and a compression mould. Various tests comprise mechanical, morphology, thermal and magnetic tests were conducted for MRE characterization purpose. The results showed that the addition of SAIB on the MRE had reduced 53% of viscosity in the rubber matrix compared to non-ester based MRE. Dispersion of magnetic particles is improved by the addition of ester as observed through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Additionally, the thermal stability was also improved. Tensile strength of MRE consisting SAIB ester achieved maximum strength of 12.3 MPa and an elongation of 620% compared to non-ester based MRE.  

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of gas-solid flow in an interconnected fluidized bed

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Canneto ◽  
Cesare Freda ◽  
Giacobbe Braccio
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Multiphase Model ◽  
Cold Model ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
Solid Flow

The gas-particles flow in an interconnected bubbling fluidized cold model is simulated using a commercial CFD package by Ansys. Conservation equations of mass and momentum are solved using the Eulerian granular multiphase model. Bubbles formation and their paths are analyzed to investigate the behaviour of the bed at different gas velocities. Experimental tests, carried out by the cold model, are compared with simulation runs to study the fluidization quality and to estimate the circulation of solid particles in the bed.

Modeling Recrystallization for 3D Multi-Pass Forming Processes

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Teodorescu ◽  
Patrice Lasne ◽  
Roland E. Logé
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Static Recrystallization ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Finite Element Code ◽  
3D Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fraction Distribution ◽  
Simulation Results

The present work concerns the simulation of metallurgical evolutions in 3D multi-pass forming processes. In this context, the analyzed problem is twofold. One point refers to the management of the microstructure evolution during each pass or each inter-pass period and the other point concerns the management of the multi-pass aspects (different grain categories, data structure). In this framework, a model is developed and deals with both aspects. The model considers the microstructure as a composite made of a given (discretized) number of phases which have their own specific properties. The grain size distribution and the recrystallized volume fraction distribution of the different phases evolve continuously during a pass or inter-pass period. With this approach it is possible to deal with the heterogeneity of the microstructure and its evolution in multi-pass conditions. Both dynamic and static recrystallization phenomena are taken into account, with typical Avrami-type equations. The present model is implemented in the Finite Element code FORGE2005®. 3D numerical simulation results for a multi-pass process are presented.

scholarly journals Flow topologies in bubble-induced turbulence: a direct numerical simulation analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 270-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Hasslberger ◽  
Markus Klein ◽  
Nilanjan Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flow Topology ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Interface Curvature

This paper presents a detailed investigation of flow topologies in bubble-induced two-phase turbulence. Two freely moving and deforming air bubbles that have been suspended in liquid water under counterflow conditions have been considered for this analysis. The direct numerical simulation data considered here are based on the one-fluid formulation of the two-phase flow governing equations. To study the development of coherent structures, a local flow topology analysis is performed. Using the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor, all possible small-scale flow structures can be categorized into two nodal and two focal topologies for incompressible turbulent flows. The volume fraction of focal topologies in the gaseous phase is consistently higher than in the surrounding liquid phase. This observation has been argued to be linked to a strong vorticity production at the regions of simultaneous high fluid velocity and high interface curvature. Depending on the regime (steady/laminar or unsteady/turbulent), additional effects related to the density and viscosity jump at the interface influence the behaviour. The analysis also points to a specific term of the vorticity transport equation as being responsible for the induction of vortical motion at the interface. Besides the known mechanisms, this term, related to surface tension and gradients of interface curvature, represents another potential source of turbulence production that lends itself to further investigation.

Numerical simulation of the attosecond quantum sensor at supra-atomic scale level of smart materials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Beznosyuk ◽  
Olga A. Maslova ◽  
Dmitrii Yu. Maksimov ◽  
Mark S. Zhukovsky ◽  
Yulia V. Terentyeva
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Scale Level
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