scholarly journals Influence of Additives on Thermal Properties and Morphological of Magnetorheological Elastomer

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Ku Zarina Ku Ahmad ◽  
MHA Khairi ◽  
SA Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Roll Mill

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are categorized as part of the smart materials class whose rheological properties can be altered under the influence of a magnetic field. MREs are fabricated by embedding soft magnetic particles such as carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) in a rubber matrix such as silicone and natural rubber. In this project, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR-50) is used as a base material with carbonyl iron particles. Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate (SAIB) ester is added to the formulation to improve the viscosity and enhance the MRE properties. The isotropic MRE is fabricated using two roll mill and a compression mould. Various tests comprise mechanical, morphology, thermal and magnetic tests were conducted for MRE characterization purpose. The results showed that the addition of SAIB on the MRE had reduced 53% of viscosity in the rubber matrix compared to non-ester based MRE. Dispersion of magnetic particles is improved by the addition of ester as observed through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Additionally, the thermal stability was also improved. Tensile strength of MRE consisting SAIB ester achieved maximum strength of 12.3 MPa and an elongation of 620% compared to non-ester based MRE.  

The study of enhancement of magnetorheological effect based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer SEBS hybrid matrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xincheng Song ◽  
Wenju Wang ◽  
Fufeng Yang ◽  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Rui
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Hybrid Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Magnetorheological Effect

Magnetorheological elastomers are one kind of smart materials which consist of matrix materials and magnetic particles. The mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers were controllable under an external magnetic field. Applications of magnetorheological elastomers are limited as a result of their poor magnetorheological effect and mechanical performance, so enhancing the magnetorheological effect of them is critical for their application. Styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer was added to natural rubber to fabricate hybrid matrix–based magnetorheological elastomers. Zero modulus of magnetorheological elastomers increased from 0.50 to 0.64 MPa and magnetorheological effect increased from 28.00% to 43.75% with the addition of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer. The contact angle of carbonyl iron particles with the matrix showed that styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer can improve the compatibility of carbonyl iron particles with the matrix. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis has been carried out to investigate the internal structure of hybrid matrix–based magnetorheological elastomers.

Performance of Magnetorheological Elastomer Based Silicone/SAIB

2018 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Muntaz Hana Ahmad Khairi ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Ubaidillah ◽  
Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Norhiwani Mohd Hapipi
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomer ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Mr Effect ◽  
Strain Dependent

This study introduces a sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) as an additive of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) to be added in silicone rubber matrix and carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) as their filler. The CIPs were fixed at 60 wt% and two types of MREs sample were fabricated which are isotropic and anisotropic. Rheological properties related to shear storage modulus were measured using a rheometer (MCR 302, Anton Paar). The experimental results demonstrated that the magnetorheological (MR) effect of anisotropic MREs-based Silicone/SAIB was 126 % as compared to isotropic MREs-based Silicone/SAIB, 64%. The fabricated MREs samples were frequency and strain dependent. The relative MR effect for both samples showed decreasing trend with the increment of strain amplitude and excitation frequency.

Folding Actuation and Locomotion of Novel Magneto-Active Elastomer (MAE) Composites

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paris von Lockette ◽  
Robert Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Barium Ferrite ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Vibration Attenuation ◽  
Magnetically Aligned ◽  
Mechanical Actuation

Magneto-active elastomers (also called magnetorheological elastomers) are most often used in vibration attenuation application due to their ability to increase in shear modulus under a magnetic field. These shear-stiffening materials are generally comprised of soft-magnetic iron particles embedded in a rubbery elastomer matrix. More recently researchers have begun fabricating MAEs using hard-magnetic particles such as barium ferrite. Under the influence of uniform magnetic fields these hard-magnetic MAEs have shown large deformation bending behaviors resulting from magnetic torques acting on the distributed particles and consequently highlight their ability for use as remotely powered actuators. Using the magnetic-torque-driven hard-magnetic MAE materials and an unfilled silicone elastomer, this work develops novel composite geometries for actuation and locomotion. MAE materials are fabricated using 30% v/v 325 mesh barium ferrite particles in Dow Corning HS II silicone elastomers. MAE materials are cured in a 2T magnetic field to create magnetically aligned (anisotropic) materials as confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Gelest optical encapsulant is used as the uniflled elastomer material. Mechanical actuation tests of cantilevers in bending and of accordion folding structures highlight the ability of the material to perform work in moderate, uniform fields of μ0H = 150 mT. Computational simulations are developed for comparison. Folding structures are also investigated as a means to produce untethered locomotion across a flat surface when subjected to an alternating field similar to scratch drive actuators; geometries investigated show promising results.

Anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers with carbonyl iron particles in natural rubber and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2098699
Author(s):  
Md. Najib Alam ◽  
Vineet Kumar ◽  
Sang-Ryeoul Ryu ◽  
Jungwook Choi ◽  
Dong-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Magneto Rheological

This work examines magneto-rheological elastomers (MREs) based on isotropic and anisotropic distribution of carbonyl iron particles (CIP) in natural rubber (NR) and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Measurements of the compressive mechanical properties were done to determine the isotropic and anisotropic properties of the MREs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy were employed to study the CIP filler mixing behavior in the rubber matrix and orientation of particles in an anisotropic state. CIP-NBR composites show higher ultimate compressive stress in both isotropic and anisotropic states than NR-based composites. NBR-based composites show positive increases in both the elastic modulus and compressive stress at higher deformation when changing from isotropic to anisotropic, whereas NR-based composites show a positive increase in the elastic modulus and a decrease in the compressive stress. Elastic modulus measurements of anisotropic composites under a magnetic field suggest that NBR composites have much better field-dependent magnetic properties than NR composites. Anti-stress-relaxation measurements indicate that NBR composites have better magnetic effect than NR composites. The better performance of NBR-based anisotropic composites in field-dependent and independent behaviors might be due to better filler distribution, a greater number of chain-like filler structures, and less aggregation of the chain-like filler strands. The MREs based on NBR could be more useful than NR for wide range of magneto rheological applications.

STUDY OF UTILIZABLE MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL ELASTOMERS

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 4875-4882 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. GONG ◽  
L. CHEN ◽  
J. F. LI
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Strong Magnetic Field ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Zero Magnetic Field ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomers ◽  
Vibration Absorption ◽  
Tuned Vibration Absorbers ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Mr Effect

This paper presents two kinds of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). One is composed of appropriate silicon rubber, carbonyl iron particles and some other materials. It is cured under a strong magnetic field at a room temperature. Its shear modulus change from 0.34MPa at zero magnetic field to 3.34MPa at 1T magnetic field, the relative MR effect reaches 878%. Such high MR effect has not been reported until now. The other is composed by appropriate natural rubber, carbonyl iron particles and some other materials. After the compositions are mixed in a two-roll mill, they are cured under a strong magnetic field according to a temperature profile. The increment of its modulus reaches 3.6MPa, and the relative modulus increment is 133%. Their mechanical properties are also evaluated. All observed results show that the fabricated MREs are utilizable. They have successfully been utilized to adaptive tuned vibration absorbers, which will serve for vibration absorption of vehicles.

Encapsulation of Carbonyl Iron Particles with Poly(Vinyl Butyral) and their Magnetorheology

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Jae Lim You ◽  
B.J. Park ◽  
I.B. Jang ◽  
Hyoung Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Carrier Liquid ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Vinyl Butyral

To enhance dispersion stability of magnetorheological (MR) fluids, hybrid magnetic particles of carbonyl iron (CI)/ poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) with core/shell microstrcutre (CI-PVB) were prepared, since pure magnetic CI based MR fluid systems show severe sedimentation of the CI particles due to the large density mismatch with the carrier liquid and difficulties in redispersion after caking. The composite particles of CI-PVB have a lower density than that of the pure CI particles, while exhibiting almost original magnetic property of the CI. Both CI and CI-PVB particles were dispersed in mineral oil (20 vol%) and their MR characteristics were examined via a rotational rheometer with a magnetic field supplier. Various characterizations of the CI-PVB particles were performed via SEM, TEM and FT-IR. Both yield stress and flow curve of shear stress as a function of shear rate of the MR fluids were investigated under applied magnetic field strengths.

Preliminary Research on the Post Treatment of Fluid Magnetic Abrasivetool

2010 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
W.D. Li ◽  
Ming Lv ◽  
Sheng Qiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Carrier Liquid ◽  
Preliminary Research

Fluid magnetic abrasivetool(FMA) is one kind of latest finishing abrasivetool which is a sort of suspended fluid composed by magnetic particles, nonmagnetic abrasive particles, surfactants in a non-magnetizable carrier liquid. After a period of working time, the performance-life of the abrasivetool ended because of the cutting- blade of the abrasives particles being passive. While the most costly component- the magnetic particles (carbonyl iron particles) can be reused. This paper has made up two recovery flows to separated carbonyl iron particles from others.

Fluid Magnetic Abrasives Based on Micron-Sized Carbonyl-Iron Particles and Its Applications in the Precision Finishing Process

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanwu Sun ◽  
Shichun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Typical Size ◽  
Carrier Liquid ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
New Type ◽  
Preparation Techniques ◽  
Precision Finishing ◽  
Magnetic Abrasives

The fluid magnetic abrasive (FMA) is a new type of precision finishing abrasives, which is typically prepared by dispersing the magnetic particles, nonmagnetic abrasives, surfactants in a non-magnetizable carrier liquid. As the functional particles, the characteristics of magnetic particles have a great impact on the properties of FMA. In our experiment, the micron-sized carbonyl-iron (CI) particles (typical size: 3 μm–5 μm) are found to be ideally suited for the preparation of FMA. In this paper, the selections of micron-sized carbonyl-iron particles suitable for the FMA, the preparation techniques, the finishing mechanism and finishing process are presented. Some key parameters of FMA that may affect the finishing efficiency and the final surface roughness are analyzed theoretically. The experimental results are discussed as well in this paper.

Curing Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Rattan Filled Natural Rubber Compounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 845-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komethi Muniandy ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Nadras Othman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Curing Characteristics ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Rubber Filler

Rattan for its potential as a new type of filler was investigated in natural rubber (NR) compounds. Natural rubber (NR) compounds were prepared by the incorporation of rattan at different loadings into a natural rubber matrix with a laboratory size two roll mill. The effect of rattan loading as filler on curing characteristics, tensile properties, morphological properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rubber–filler interaction of rattan filled natural rubber compound were studied in the filler loading range of 0 to 30 phr. The results indicate that the scorch time (ts2) and cure time (t90) shorten with increasing filler loading, whereas the maximum torque (MH) showed an increasing trend. As the filler loading increases, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreases whilst tensile modulus; stress at 100 % elongation and stress at 300 % elongation increased. The rubber filler interactions of the rubber compound decreased with increasing filler loading. SEM studies indicate that the increasing rattan loading weakens the rubber-rattan interactions.

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