Measurement and Analysis on Energy Efficiency of Elevators in Shanghai

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Hao ◽  
Chang Xiaoqing ◽  
Xue Jiai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Research Objects

Shanghai is the largest city of elevators in the world with 165000 elevators and escalators. According to latest research, elevators typically account for about 3% to 8% of the overall electricity consumption of a building. Therefore, it is significantly to study the energy efficiency of elevators in Shanghai. However, elevators have received little attention from an efficiency perspective in the past. To recover this gap, this paper analyses classification method on energy efficiency of elevators in Shanghai and suggests policy measures for energy conservation. First, Representative elevators in Shanghai were collected as research objects; second, a new energy efficiency classification method was established on the modification of VDI4707 according to actual situations in China, then, energy consumption of these elevators were measured and classified according to the new method. Finally, the influence factors of elevator energy efficiency were studied, and suggestion on the improvement of the energy efficiency of elevators in Shanghai was given.

scholarly journals Measurement and Analysis of Urban Total Factor Energy Efficiency in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Feifei Lu ◽  
Yinling Lu ◽  
Na Lei
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Central China ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Low Efficiency

The improvement of urban energy efficiency is of great significance to reduce carbon emissions and achieve China’s goal of carbon peak in 2030. Taking 266 cities as the research objects, the energy efficiency of each city is measured by Super-SBM model. Then the energy efficiency is decomposed by Malmquist index. The results show that: In 2006, the number of cities in high-efficiency areas is small and high efficiency areas are mostly distributed in the northeast and southeast coastal areas. There was a phenomenon of low efficiency areas agglomeration. But in 2017, the number of high-efficiency cities increased significantly. The number of high-efficiency cities in Northeast China increased, the number of high-efficiency cities in Southeast coastal areas decreased, and the number of high-efficiency cities in Central China increased and showed a phenomenon of agglomeration of high-efficiency areas or relatively high efficiency areas. According to the decomposition of urban energy efficiency, technological progress is the main driving force for the improvement of energy efficiency, and the decline of technical efficiency inhibits the improvement of energy efficiency in various cities.

Export Promotion Policies, Export Composition and Economic Development of Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai S. Mah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Summit Meeting ◽  
Korean Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Export Composition

Korea has achieved rapid economic development for the past few decades, raising its economic stature from one of the most impoverished countries in the world to an advanced industrial nation. Korea will host the G20 summit meeting in November 2010. What is the reason for the rapid economic development of Korea? This paper discusses the policy measures taken by the Korean government to promote exports, analyse their contribution and problems, and provide developing countries with the implications for their economic development process under the WTO system drawn from the experience of export-led economic development of Korea.

scholarly journals Energy labeling and the economic viability in residences of the project my house my life

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Thales Tati Gonçalves Vicente ◽  
Elaise Gabriel ◽  
Ursula Maira Maciel Rigon ◽  
Marlon Leão
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cost

The significant increase in the electricity consumption over the past decades by the residential sector has stimulated the creation of initiatives which are aiming the energy efficiency (EE). In addition to laws that were enacted in order to increase EE, it was launched in 2012 the Quality Technical Regulation for Energy Efficiency Level of Residential Buildings (RTQ-R), which it sets parameters to be followed in the labeling of an Autonomous Housing Unit (UH). This research had as objective proposes alternatives to increase the energy efficiency level of a residential complex named My House My Life (Minha Casa Minha Vida - MCMV). Moreover, it was calculated the construction costs and evaluated the economic viability of the investment. Thus, it was evaluated the envelope and the water heating system through prescriptive method. The obtained results classified the current housing as D level and showed that a few changes are needed to reach the level A. Through thermal energy simulation it was determined by the new classification a reduction of 2/3 in electricity consumption. The increase in the construction costs to achieve the level A is lower than the cost savings over the building's lifetime. Currently, the Selic rate of 14.25% unfeasible the investment due to the opportunity cost, becoming feasible with the kWh cost higher than R$ 0.97 or with basic interest rates lower than 9.5%.

scholarly journals Prospects of the Russian Coal Industry in the Conditions of Transition to a New Energy Pattern

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1831-1835
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
To Come ◽  
Competitive Products

The article analyzes the prospects for changes in the volume of exports of Russian coal due to the reduction of its consumption for energy production by the importing countries. The importance of Russian power generating coal for the energy supply to the world as a whole and to individual importing regions in particular is shown. It is justified that a radical and abrupt refusal to use coal as an energy source in the next few years would hardly be possible because the per capita and the total electric energy consumption has been growing all over the world. To a large extent, this is due to the increase in the number of data centers around the world, which centers do not yet have enough “green” sources of energy to ensure the uninterrupted operation thereof. Therefore, coal exports from Russia to the European countries, China and DPRK will continue to grow in the years to come; this is confirmed by the forecast models built by the authors, which models consider changes in the coal and electricity consumption by major importers. By the time the conditions are ensured for the majority of countries in the world to abandon coal as a source of electricity in order to stop air pollution, Russia will need to find opportunities for its alternative use, an example of which would be the creation and development of production of competitive products of the coal chemical industry.

scholarly journals Energy policy and conservation planning in Sweden: a longitudinal evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-572
Author(s):  
Mattias Legnér ◽  
Gustaf Leijonhufvud ◽  
Martin Tunefalk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Energy Subsidies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
High Degree

PurposeSweden, like other countries, has set ambitious national targets for both energy efficiency and conservation of heritage values in the built environment. However, how these policies are implemented on a local level and how they affect each other is not known. This study aims to argue that extensive energy-saving policies can have unintentional impacts not just on the built environment but also on conservation practice.Design/methodology/approachBy using a longitudinal approach, the aim is to investigate the possibilities of conserving the built environment when policies for increased energy efficiency are implemented in existing urban areas. The methodology used is qualitative, applying a combination of study of public records, policy documents, interviews with public officials and ocular investigation of buildings in three areas located in two different municipalities.FindingsThe study suggests that extensive refurbishments not only have effects on the character of an area, but in extension, affect how urban planners and local authorities approach the development in the same area. Urban areas affected by extensive retrofits in the past seem to be managed in less detail, leaving existing policy measures on both energy and heritage untapped.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a study concerning two Swedish municipalities. Furthermore, it is limited to one specific policy measure, energy-saving subsidies provided in the 1970s and 1980s. The generalisability of the findings may, therefore, be limited. Despite this, the findings provide an important indication of the relationship between energy-saving policies in the past and urban planning practice of existing urban areas today, as well as the importance of alignment between policy-making and implementation.Practical implicationsPolicy instruments for the building stock and the practice of conservation planning have not worked well together. Due to local practice, energy subsidies provided in the 1970s and 1980s still today have a negative effect on both heritage conservation and energy efficiency in existing areas.Social implicationsThere is a discrepancy between expectations and outcome of policy measures. National decision-makers overestimate the possibilities to control the development on a local level, for both energy efficiency and heritage values. By examining an innovative set of sources, acknowledging long-term effects and entanglements of policies and practice, this study contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of different values in the built environment.Originality/valueBy comparing the share of approved applications, as well as completed energy retrofits, this study demonstrates that the effects of the national energy subsidy policy differed significantly between urban areas. Areas with a high degree of approved subsidies also had a high degree of retrofits, suggesting that the policy had intended effects. In these areas, the number of retrofits were also significantly higher than the number of subsidies. This was not the case where energy subsidies were fewer, which indicates that energy retrofits are performative, meaning that they accelerate further retrofits in the same area.

scholarly journals Assessment of feasibility of using the existing electric power infrastructure for charging electric and hybrid vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 01056
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Rakov ◽  
Oleg Pikalev ◽  
Timur Akhmetov ◽  
Tamara Budavina ◽  
Peter Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
The Past ◽  
Calculation Technique ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Statistics ◽  
Excessive Load ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Many countries around the world are considering the possibility of a complete transition to electric cars. This raises questions about the capabilities of the existing infrastructure for electricity generation. This paper presents calculations on the example of the Russian power system. It is conventionally accepted that all cars with petrol engine will be run on electricity. To understand how much electricity consumption will change, a calculation technique has been proposed. As initial data, statistics on the production of electricity, petrol and diesel fuel over the past 20 years was used. As methodological approaches, a generalization and calculation were carried out, on the basis of which a theoretical experiment was conducted. The authors concluded that the increase in electricity consumption will be only 5%, which will not create an excessive load on the existing energy infrastructure.

scholarly journals CURRENT ISSUES OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (387) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
I. Berdnikova ◽  
◽  
E. Kiseleva ◽  
D. Baeva ◽  
I. Solovyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Economic

Electricity consumption is constantly growing in the world. In this connection, there are new urgent problems of increasing energy efficiency and energy conservation. Exactly, the economic development of countries and the change in the citizens’ life quality depends on successful solutions in this sphere. In addition, energy efficiency today is the most important developmental indicator of the national economy. The article discusses electricity consumption statistics in the world, a comparative analysis of the statutory conditions and the main implementing energy efficiency methods and programs in different countries.

scholarly journals ELECTRIC POWER AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
A.P. Dzyuba
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World

The article is devoted to the study of the characteristics and role of the Russian electric power industry in the national economy in comparison with the countries of the world. The materials provide an empirical comprehensive analysis of the performance indicators of the electric power industry sectors in the context of the countries of the world, with the identification of Russia's place in the world electric power balance. The information base of the study was the parameters of electricity consumption and the volume of gross domestic product of various countries of the world, as well as the characteristics of the structure of electricity production and consumption. The methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical and statistical analysis were used. Based on the indicators of the electric intensity of the gross domestic product and electricity consumption per capita, a comparative assessment of the characteristics of the energy efficiency of Russia is carried out in comparison with various countries of the world. The materials provide a comparative analysis of the indicators of the structure of electricity generation by type of sources, as well as by type of fossil fuel used, with the identification of characteristics of electricity production in Russia. Based on the analysis, the author draws conclusions about the main advantages of the electric power complex of Russia over the countries of the world, as well as about the advantages existing over electricity consumers operating within the country. The analysis made it possible to develop recommendations on the general directions of the implementation of the policy in the field of increasing the energy efficiency of electricity consumption on the scale of the Russian economy.

scholarly journals A review on energy efficiency standards and labels: present status and implementation possibilities in malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
T.M.I. Mahlia, ◽  
H.H. Masjuki, ◽  
I.A. Choudhury ◽  
And R. Saidur R. Saidur
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Household Appliances ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Efficiency Standards

This article is a review on energy efficiency standards  and labels for household electrical appliances around the world. Through the review of other country experiences on energy efficiency standards and labels, we attempt to identify savings possibilities in Malaysian households. The implementation possibilities of standards and labels for various household electrical appliances in Malaysia are also examined. It is found that various household appliances in Malaysia offer some potential in reducing electricity consumption. Finally, it is concluded that there are many advantages for Malaysia to implement the standards and labels for household electrical appliances as soon as possible in order to reduce electricity  bills  and energy  consumption  in Malaysian  households. 

A basic introduction to image processing using NIH-Image as a model

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 392-393
Author(s):  
John Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Digital Instrument ◽  
Novice User ◽  
Nih Image ◽  
The Past ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The World ◽  
Instrument Control

Advances in camera technology and digital instrument control have meant that in modern microscopy, the image that was, in the past, typically recorded on a piece of film is now recorded directly into a computer. The transfer of the analog image seen in the microscope to the digitized picture in the computer does not mean, however, that the problems associated with recording images, analyzing them, and preparing them for publication, have all miraculously been solved. The steps involved in the recording an image to film remain largely intact in the digital world. The image is recorded, prepared for measurement in some way, analyzed, and then prepared for presentation.Digital image acquisition schemes are largely the realm of the microscope manufacturers, however, there are also a multitude of “homemade” acquisition systems in microscope laboratories around the world. It is not the mission of this tutorial to deal with the various acquisition systems, but rather to introduce the novice user to rudimentary image processing and measurement.

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