Investigation of Numerical and Physical Modelling Effects on the CFD Simulation of the Unsteady Flow in a HPT Stage

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. de la Calzada ◽  
J. Ferna´ndez-Castan˜eda
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations

In order to investigate the unsteady flow behaviour in an HPT stage and the effects on the CFD solution of some numerical and physical modelling assumptions usually undertaken by the engineering community, an ITP in-house unsteady CFD code called Mu2s2T is first validated and then run under different configurations. The code is a fully unstructured code which solves the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations with a k-ω turbulence model. Hybrid meshes are used by having semi-structured meshes along the profile wall and fully unstructured triangular meshes on the inviscid region. The VKI Brite Euram transonic turbine stage experimental test case is used for the investigation. This turbine is representative of a state of the art HPT and presents high potential interaction due to the vane shock waves. After validating the code in this case, the influence of typical engineering assumptions is investigated. First the influence of the rotor stagger angle is analysed, resulting in a high sensitivity of the predicted pressure level at the front part of the blade and a better matching with the experimental data when an opening of 1° is applied. The influence in the solution of applying an integer airfoil count ratio compared with the solution with exact number off computed by means of phase lagged boundary conditions is also investigated. Additional Euler and Navier-Stokes computations are presented and the influence of the viscous effects is discussed. Finally a simulation including vane trailing edge cooling is performed so that conclusions about the influence of the cooling can be drawn.

A 3D Unsteady Flow Analysis in a Doubly Constricted Tube

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Rathish Kumar ◽  
T. Yamaguchi ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
R. Himeno
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
In Series ◽  
3D Unsteady Flow

Abstract Unsteady flow dynamics in a doubly constricted vessel is analyzed by using a time accurate Finite Volume solution of three dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Computational experiments are carried out for various values of Reynolds number in order to assess the criticality of multiple mild constrictions in series and also to bring out the subtle 3D features like vortex formation. Studies reveal that pressure drop across a series of mild constrictions can get physiologically critical. Further this pressure drop is found to be sensitive to the spacing between the constrictions and also to the oscillatory nature of the inflow profile.

Fully Nonlinear Potential/RANSE Simulation of Wave Interaction With Ships and Marine Structures

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Ferrant ◽  
Lionel Gentaz ◽  
Bertrand Alessandrini ◽  
Romain Luquet ◽  
Charles Monroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Wave Interaction ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Fully Nonlinear ◽  
Nonlinear Potential ◽  
6 Degrees Of Freedom

This paper documents recent advances of the SWENSE (Spectral Wave Explicit Navier-Stokes Equations) approach, a method for simulating fully nonlinear wave-body interactions including viscous effects. The methods efficiently combines a fully nonlinear potential flow description of undisturbed wave systems with a modified set of RANS with free surface equations accounting for the interaction with a ship or marine structure. Arbitrary incident wave systems may be described, including regular, irregular waves, multidirectional waves, focused wave events, etc. The model may be fixed or moving with arbitrary speed and 6 degrees of freedom motion. The extension of the SWENSE method to 6 DOF simulations in irregular waves as well as to manoeuvring simulations in waves are discussed in this paper. Different illlustative simulations are presented and discussed. Results of the present approach compare favorably with available reference results.

A Cartesian Explicit Solver for Complex Hydrodynamic Applications

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bigay ◽  
A. Bardin ◽  
G. Oger ◽  
D. Le Touzé
Keyword(s):  
Level Set ◽  
Incompressible Flows ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Flow Past A Cylinder ◽  
Explicit Solver

In order to efficiently address complex problems in hydrodynamics, the advances in the development of a new method are presented here. This method aims at finding a good compromise between computational efficiency, accuracy, and easy handling of complex geometries. The chosen method is an Explicit Cartesian Finite Volume method for Hydrodynamics (ECFVH) based on a compressible (hyperbolic) solver, with a ghost-cell method for geometry handling and a Level-set method for the treatment of biphase-flows. The explicit nature of the solver is obtained through a weakly-compressible approach chosen to simulate nearly-incompressible flows. The explicit cell-centered resolution allows for an efficient solving of very large simulations together with a straightforward handling of multi-physics. A characteristic flux method for solving the hyperbolic part of the Navier-Stokes equations is used. The treatment of arbitrary geometries is addressed in the hyperbolic and viscous framework. Viscous effects are computed via a finite difference computation of viscous fluxes and turbulent effects are addressed via a Large-Eddy Simulation method (LES). The Level-Set solver used to handle biphase flows is also presented. The solver is validated on 2-D test cases (flow past a cylinder, 2-D dam break) and future improvements are discussed.

Utilizing Schlieren Imaging to Visualize Heat Transfer Studies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob C. Kaessinger ◽  
Kramer C. Kors ◽  
Jordan S. Lum ◽  
Heather E. Dillon ◽  
Shannon K. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Schlieren Imaging ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Imaging Device

Convective heat transfer beyond explicit solutions to the Navier Stokes equations is often an empirical science. Schlieren imaging is one of the only fluid imaging systems that can directly visualize the density gradients of a fluid using collimated light and refractive properties. The ability to visualize fluid densities is useful in both research and educational fields. A Schlieren imaging device has been constructed by undergraduate students at the University of Portland. The device is used for professorial heat transfer and fluid dynamics research and to help undergraduates visualize and understand natural convection. This paper documents the design decisions, design process, and the final specifications of the Schlieren system. A simple 2-D heated cylindrical model is considered and evaluated using Schlieren imaging, OpenFOAM C.F.D. simulation, and convection analysis using a Nusselt correlation. Results are presented for the three analysis techniques and show excellent verifications between the CFD simulation, Nusselt correlation, and Schlieren imaging system.

Viscosity Effects on the Radiation Hydrodynamics of Horizontal Cylinders

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Yeung ◽  
C.-F. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Inviscid Fluid ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Horizontal Cylinders

The problem of a body oscillating in a viscous fluid with a free surface is examined. The Navier-Stokes equations and boundary conditions are linearized using the assumption of small body-motion to wavelength ratio. Generation and diffusion of vorticity, but not its convection, are accounted for. Rotational and irrotational Green functions for a divergent and a vorticity source are presented, with the effects of viscosity represented by a frequency Reynolds number Rσ = g2/νσ3. Numerical solutions for a pair of coupled integral equations are obtained for flows about a submerged cylinder, circular or square. Viscosity-modified added-mass and damping coefficients are developed as functions of frequency. It is found that as Rσ approaches infinity, inviscid-fluid results can be recovered. However, viscous effects are important in the low-frequency range, particularly when Rσ is smaller than O(104).

Effects of Non-Dimensional Parameters on Formation and Break Up of Cylindrical Droplets

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taeibi-Rahni ◽  
Shervin Sharafatmand
Keyword(s):  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Ohnesorge Number ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Eotvos Number

The consistent behavior of non-dimensional parameters on the formation and break up of large cylindrical droplets has been studied by direct numerical simulations (DNS). A one-fluid model with a finite difference method and an advanced front tracking scheme was employed to solve unsteady, incompressible, viscous, immiscible, multi-fluid, two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. This time dependent study allows investigation of evolution of the droplets in different cases. For moderate values of Atwood number (AT), increasing Eotvos number (Eo) explicitly increases the deformation rate in both phenomena. Otherwise, raising the Ohnesorge number (Oh) basically amplifies the viscous effects.

scholarly journals Unsteady flow around a two-dimensional section of a vertical axis turbine for tidal stream energy conversion

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Ju Jung ◽  
Ju Hyun Lee ◽  
Shin Hyung Rliee ◽  
Museok Song ◽  
Beom-Soo Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
Tidal Stream Energy ◽  
Vertical Axis Turbine

ABSTRACTThe two-dimensional unsteady flow around a vertical axis turbine for tidal stream energy' conversion was investigated using a computational fluid dynamics tool solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The geometry' of the turbine blade section was NACA653-01S airfoil. The computational analysis was done at several different angles of attack and the results were compared with the corresponding experimental data for validation and calibration. Simulations were then carried out for the two-dimensional cross section of a vertical axis turbine. The simulation results demonstrated the usefulness of the method for the typical unsteady flows around vertical axis turbines. The optimum turbine efficiency was achieved for carefully selected combinations of the number of blades and tip speed ratios.

CFD Simulation of Wave Run-Up on a Semi-Submersible and Comparison With Experiment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Iwanowski ◽  
Marc Lefranc ◽  
Rik Wemmenhove
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Computational Grids ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Comparison With Experiment ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Impact Phenomena ◽  
Run Up

Use of CFD tools for industrial offshore applications is a common practice nowadays. So is the need for validation of such tools against experimental results. This paper presents one of the CFD tools, ComFLOW, which solves Navier-Stokes equations and employs an improved Volume of Fluid (iVOF) method to find temporary location of fluid’s free surface. The code is used to simulate flow around a semi-submersible offshore platform due to an incoming regular wave. In particular, wave run-up on the semi’s columns and under-deck fluid impact phenomena are investigated on high-accuracy computational grids with number of cells being in range of 10 millions. Results of numerical simulations are compared with experimental data and focus is on local fluid flow details in immediate vicinity of the platform. Wave run-up on the platform’s columns and fluid pressures at various locations, including under-deck impact, are reported and verified against the experiment for a range of incoming wave heights.

Unsteady flow past a rotating circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers 103 and 104

1990 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 459-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Badr ◽  
M. Coutanceau ◽  
S. C. R. Dennis ◽  
C. Ménard
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Circular Cylinder ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Rotation Rate ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Flow Past

The unsteady flow past a circular cylinder which starts translating and rotating impulsively from rest in a viscous fluid is investigated both theoretically and experimentally in the Reynolds number range 103 [les ] R [les ] 104 and for rotational to translational surface speed ratios between 0.5 and 3. The theoretical study is based on numerical solutions of the two-dimensional unsteady Navier–Stokes equations while the experimental investigation is based on visualization of the flow using very fine suspended particles. The object of the study is to examine the effect of increase of rotation on the flow structure. There is excellent agreement between the numerical and experimental results for all speed ratios considered, except in the case of the highest rotation rate. Here three-dimensional effects become more pronounced in the experiments and the laminar flow breaks down, while the calculated flow starts to approach a steady state. For lower rotation rates a periodic structure of vortex evolution and shedding develops in the calculations which is repeated exactly as time advances. Another feature of the calculations is the discrepancy in the lift and drag forces at high Reynolds numbers resulting from solving the boundary-layer limit of the equations of motion rather than the full Navier–Stokes equations. Typical results are given for selected values of the Reynolds number and rotation rate.

scholarly journals A Numerical Model of the Onset of Stall Flutter in Cascades

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Clark ◽  
Kenneth C. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamic Model ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Aeroelastic Stability ◽  
Blade Vibration ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stall Flutter

In this paper, we present a computational fluid dynamic model of the unsteady flow associated with the onset of stall flutter in turbomachinery cascades. The unsteady flow is modeled using the laminar Navier-Stokes equations. We assume that the unsteadiness in the flow is a small harmonic disturbance about the mean or steady flow. Therefore, the unsteady flow is governed by a small-disturbance form of the Navier-Stokes equations. These linear variable coefficient equations are discretized on a deforming computational grid and solved efficiently using a multiple-grid Lax-Wendroff scheme. A number of numerical examples are presented which demonstrate the destabilizing influence of viscosity on the aeroelastic stability of airfoils in cascade, especially for torsional modes of blade vibration.

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