The Texas Cryogenic Oxy-Fuel Cycle (TCO): A Novel Approach to Power Generation With CO2 Options

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Gatewood ◽  
Jeff Moore ◽  
Marybeth Nored ◽  
Klaus Brun ◽  
Vishwas Iyengar
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Individual

A novel oxy-fuel based power cycle is presented that combines conventional oxy-fuel cycle technology with novel mixed gaseous compression and liquid pumping of CO2 to produce both useable power and provide transportable CO2 for transportation via pipeline for use in sequestration or enhanced oil recovery (EOR). CO2 emissions reduction is a central focus of climate change initiatives. Therefore, it is desired to have a power plant process cycle that reduces CO2 emissions associated with producing power. Once captured CO2 must be transferred to a sequestration site for long term storage or utilized in EOR operations. Recent research has demonstrated that CO2 is most efficiently transported as a liquid at high pressures via pipelines. A Cryogenic Oxy-Fuel cycle will be presented that captures all CO2 produced during combustion and inherently converts that CO2 to a sequestration-ready state that can be immediately placed into transportation pipelines and stored at the desired sequestration site. The proposed cycle deviates from conventional cycles in that during part of the process the CO2 is in cooled liquid form which allows; 1) Decreased power demand to increase the CO2 pressure because pumping has lower power requirement than compression, 2) The take-off of the CO2 is optimized for pipeline transport and no further compression or expansion is required, and 3) A high overall thermodynamic cycle efficiency can be reached with relatively low firing temperatures in the oxy-burner (around 1000°F). This significantly simplifies the combustor and expander designs required for the process. Additional benefits of the cycle include predicted efficiencies near state of the art IGCC’s, applicability to multiple fuel sources, and cost reduction associated with reduced component sizes utilized in the cycle. This presentation will focus on the overall operational and technological requirements of the novel cycle, a breakdown of the individual components utilized, and simulations demonstrating predicted performance. Technological challenges of implementing a working version of the cycle will be discussed and suggested development required for overcoming the challenges will be presented. This paper will include recent research and development of an oxy-fuel combustor utilized in the cycle as well as implementation of compression and pumping apparatus of recent development.

Using hidden Markov models to find discrete targets in continuous sociophonetic data

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Hidden Markov Models ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Abstract Representation ◽  
Language Variation And Change ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Single Target ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Speaker

Abstract Advances in sociophonetic research resulted in features once sorted into discrete bins now being measured continuously. This has implied a shift in what sociolinguists view as the abstract representation of the sociolinguistic variable. When measured discretely, variation is variation in selection: one variant is selected for production, and factors influencing language variation and change are influencing the frequency at which variants are selected. Measured continuously, variation is variation in execution: speakers have a single target for production, which they approximate with varying success. This paper suggests that both approaches can and should be considered in sociophonetic analysis. To that end, I offer the use of hidden Markov models (HMMs) as a novel approach to find speakers’ multiple targets within continuous data. Using the lot vowel among whites in Greater St. Louis as a case study, I compare 2-state and 1-state HMMs constructed at the individual speaker level. Ten of fifty-two speakers’ production is shown to involve the regular use of distinct fronted and backed variants of the vowel. This finding illustrates HMMs’ capacity to allow us to consider variation as both variant selection and execution, making them a useful tool in the analysis of sociophonetic data.

scholarly journals To Represent Electric Vehicles in Electricity Systems Modelling—Aggregated Vehicle Representation vs. Individual Driving Profiles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Maria Taljegard ◽  
Lisa Göransson ◽  
Mikael Odenberger ◽  
Filip Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Home Location ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Storage Technologies

This study describes, applies, and compares three different approaches to integrate electric vehicles (EVs) in a cost-minimising electricity system investment model and a dispatch model. The approaches include both an aggregated vehicle representation and individual driving profiles of passenger EVs. The driving patterns of 426 randomly selected vehicles in Sweden were recorded between 30 and 73 days each and used as input to the electricity system model for the individual driving profiles. The main conclusion is that an aggregated vehicle representation gives similar results as when including individual driving profiles for most scenarios modelled. However, this study also concludes that it is important to represent the heterogeneity of individual driving profiles in electricity system optimisation models when: (i) charging infrastructure is limited to only the home location in regions with a high share of solar and wind power in the electricity system, and (ii) when addressing special research issues such as impact of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) on battery health status. An aggregated vehicle representation will, if the charging infrastructure is limited to only home location, over-estimate the V2G potential resulting in a higher share (up to 10 percentage points) of variable renewable electricity generation and an under-estimation of investments in both short- and long-term storage technologies.

scholarly journals HPM: A Hybrid Model for User’s Behavior Prediction Based on N-Gram Parsing and Access Logs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sonia Setia ◽  
Verma Jyoti ◽  
Neelam Duhan
Keyword(s):  
Web Mining ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Content Mining ◽  
Long Access ◽  
N Gram ◽  
The Individual

The continuous growth of the World Wide Web has led to the problem of long access delays. To reduce this delay, prefetching techniques have been used to predict the users’ browsing behavior to fetch the web pages before the user explicitly demands that web page. To make near accurate predictions for users’ search behavior is a complex task faced by researchers for many years. For this, various web mining techniques have been used. However, it is observed that either of the methods has its own set of drawbacks. In this paper, a novel approach has been proposed to make a hybrid prediction model that integrates usage mining and content mining techniques to tackle the individual challenges of both these approaches. The proposed method uses N-gram parsing along with the click count of the queries to capture more contextual information as an effort to improve the prediction of web pages. Evaluation of the proposed hybrid approach has been done by using AOL search logs, which shows a 26% increase in precision of prediction and a 10% increase in hit ratio on average as compared to other mining techniques.

scholarly journals A Genetic Algorithm Approach for Group Recommender System Based on Partial Rankings

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 653-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Meena ◽  
Kamal K. Bharadwaj
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Rank Aggregation ◽  
Partial Ranking ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Kendall Tau Distance ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
Aggregation Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Group Recommender

Abstract Many recommender systems frequently make suggestions for group consumable items to the individual users. There has been much work done in group recommender systems (GRSs) with full ranking, but partial ranking (PR) where items are partially ranked still remains a challenge. The ultimate objective of this work is to propose rank aggregation technique for effectively handling the PR problem. Additionally, in real applications, most of the studies have focused on PR without ties (PRWOT). However, the rankings may have ties where some items are placed in the same position, but where some items are partially ranked to be aggregated may not be permutations. In this work, in order to handle problem of PR in GRS for PRWOT and PR with ties (PRWT), we propose a novel approach to GRS based on genetic algorithm (GA) where for PRWOT Spearman foot rule distance and for PRWT Kendall tau distance with bucket order are used as fitness functions. Experimental results are presented that clearly demonstrate that our proposed GRS based on GA for PRWOT (GRS-GA-PRWOT) and PRWT (GRS-GA-PRWT) outperforms well-known baseline GRS techniques.

scholarly journals All fingers are not the same: Handling variable-length sequences in a discriminative setting using conformal multi-instance kernels

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvesh Nikumbh ◽  
Peter Ebert ◽  
Nico Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Binary Classification ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
Variable Length ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
String Kernels ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Visualization Techniques

AbstractMost string kernels for comparison of genomic sequences are generally tied to using (absolute) positional information of the features in the individual sequences. This poses limitations when comparing variable-length sequences using such string kernels. For example, profiling chromatin interactions by 3C-based experiments results in variable-length genomic sequences (restriction fragments). Here, exact position-wise occurrence of signals in sequences may not be as important as in the scenario of analysis of the promoter sequences, that typically have a transcription start site as reference. Existing position-aware string kernels have been shown to be useful for the latter scenario.In this work, we propose a novel approach for sequence comparison that enables larger positional freedom than most of the existing approaches, can identify a possibly dispersed set of features in comparing variable-length sequences, and can handle both the aforementioned scenarios. Our approach, CoMIK, identifies not just the features useful towards classification but also their locations in the variable-length sequences, as evidenced by the results of three binary classification experiments, aided by recently introduced visualization techniques. Furthermore, we show that we are able to efficiently retrieve and interpret the weight vector for the complex setting of multiple multi-instance kernels.

scholarly journals ARE THE PARIS AGREEMENT EFFORTS EQUALLY SHARED? GDP AND CO2 PRODUCTION REGULARITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (310) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Adalmir Antonio Marquetti ◽  
Gabriel Mendoza Pichardo ◽  
Guilherme De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Kaya Identity

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong></strong>This study investigates regularities in the production of GDP and CO2 emissions for 84 countries between 1980-2014. The empirical strategy is derived from an ecological-economic framework in which both outputs are produced employing capital, energy and labor. Moreover, we propose an expanded version of the Kaya identity, which creates a link between the growth rate of CO2 emissions and capital accumulation to evaluate the distribution of abatement efforts under the Paris Agreement. By using a new dataset, we found evidence of relative decoupling in developing countries and absolute decoupling in some developed countries. Our findings show that the individual voluntary definition of the emission targets under the Agreement resulted in an unequal distribution of the abatement efforts among developing and developed countries. In the absence of higher energy or environment-saving technical changes, the required reductions in capital accumulation are sharper for developing than developed countries.</p><p> </p><p>¿SE COMPARTEN LOS ESFUERZOS DEL ACUERDO DE PARÍS IGUALMENTE? <br />REGULARIDADES DE PRODUCCIÓN DEL PIB Y CO2<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>RESUMEN</strong><br />Este trabajo investiga las regularidades en la producción del PIB y las emisiones de CO2 en 84 países entre 1980 y 2014. La estrategia empírica deriva de un marco ecológico-económico en el cual los dos bienes se producen utilizando capital, energía y trabajo. Proponemos una versión expandida de la identidad de Kaya que crea un vínculo entre la tasa de crecimiento de las emisiones de CO2 y la acumulación de capital para evaluar la distribución de los esfuerzos de abatimiento del Acuerdo de París. Mediante el uso de una nueva base de datos, encontramos un desacoplamiento relativo en los países en desarrollo y un desacoplamiento absoluto en algunos países desarrollados. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que la definición individual voluntaria de las metas de emisiones del Acuerdo resulta en una distribución desigual de los esfuerzos de abatimiento entre los países en desarrollo y desarrollados. En ausencia de un mayor cambio técnico ahorrador de energía o del ambiente, las reducciones requeridas en la acumulación de capital son más agudas para los países en desarrollo que para los desarrollados.</p>

scholarly journals Cohort Profile: The China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Zhao ◽  
Feng Hong ◽  
Jianzhong Yin ◽  
Wenge Tang ◽  
Gang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractCohort purposeThe China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) is a community population-based prospective observational study aiming to address the urgent need for understanding NCD prevalence, risk factors and associated conditions in resource-constrained settings for ethnic minorities in China.Cohort BasicsA total of 99 556 participants aged 30 to 79 years (Tibetan populations include those aged 18 to 30 years) from the Tibetan, Yi, Miao, Bai, Bouyei, and Dong ethnic groups in Southwest China were recruited between May 2018 and September 2019.Follow-up and attritionAll surviving study participants will be invited for re-interviews every 3-5 years with concise questionnaires to review risk exposures and disease incidence. Furthermore, the vital status of study participants will be followed up through linkage with established electronic disease registries annually.Design and MeasuresThe CMEC baseline survey collected data with an electronic questionnaire and face-to-face interviews, medical examinations and clinical laboratory tests. Furthermore, we collected biological specimens, including blood, saliva and stool, for long-term storage. In addition to the individual level data, we also collected regional level data for each investigation site.Collaboration and data accessCollaborations are welcome. Please send specific ideas to corresponding author at: [email protected].

Novel Dual-Tubing Technique to Eliminate the Shut-in Period in CO2 Huff-n-Puff Injection for Heavy Oil Carbonate Reservoirs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Hamdi ◽  
Nirmal Mohanadas ◽  
Margarita Lilaysromant ◽  
Oluwole Talabi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Dual Porosity Model ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
First Time

Abstract Some heavy oil production can be established using conventional methods; however, these methods are often somewhat ineffective with low recovery factors of less than 20%. Carbon dioxide (CO2) huff-n-puff or cyclic CO2 injection is one of the Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods that can be used in stimulating aging wells to recover some residual oil. The shut-in stage of this method results in a significant delay in the production time, and hence lower oil recovery. For the first time, in this paper, an attempt is made to overcome this issue by a novel approach, employing dual tubing completions. The aim of this is to increase the oil recovery with the production during soak time. Also, a majority of the remaining heavy oil reservoirs are carbonates, hence the research was focused on the same conditions. Numerical simulation is done using dual-tubing conditions in a dual-porosity model with conventional tubing as a base case. Optimization studies are done for injection rate, injection time, soaking time, production time, and huff-n-puff cycles. The results show that the recovery factor can increase significantly, with no discontinuity in production. Preliminary economic studies for the cases also showed a net increase in profit of 7% (1.3 million Dollars for the case chosen). This demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method which can be implemented into conventional operations, for a more sustainable economy in the era of low oil prices.

scholarly journals Effects on Some Therapeutical, Biochemical, and Immunological Parameters of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Exposed to Probiotic Treatments, in Field and Laboratory Conditions

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Ivana Tlak Gajger ◽  
Josipa Vlainić ◽  
Petra Šoštarić ◽  
Janez Prešern ◽  
Jernej Bubnič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Bee Colonies

Several negative factors contribute to a decline in the number of insect pollinators. As a novel approach in therapy, we hypothesize that the EM® for bees could potentially have an important therapeutic and immunomodulatory effect on honey bee colonies. The aim of our study was to evaluate its impact on honey bees at the individual and colony level. This is the first appliance of the commercial probiotic mix EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES in honey bees as economically important social insects. The sugar syrup with 10% of probiotic was administered by spraying or feeding the honey bee colonies in the field conditions, in order to evaluate the infection levels with spores of Nosema spp. and colonies’ strength. Moreover, in laboratory-controlled conditions, in the hoarding cages, adult workers have been fed with sugar syrup supplemented with 2.5, 5, and 10% of EM® for bees for biochemical and immunological analyses of hemolymph, and with 5 and 10% for measuring the size of hypopharyngeal glands. It was found that following the EM® for bees administration the Nosema spp. spore counts in colonies were significantly reduced, and colonies’ strength was increased. The results at the individual level showed significant positive physiological changes in treated groups of adult bees, revealing at the same time a higher mortality rate when feeding sugar syrup supplemented with the probiotic.

scholarly journals Beyond non-integer Hill coefficients: A novel approach to analyzing binding data, applied to Na+-driven transporters

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ravera ◽  
Matthias Quick ◽  
Juan P. Nicola ◽  
Nancy Carrasco ◽  
L. Mario Amzel
Keyword(s):  
Hill Equation ◽  
Integer Coefficient ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Binding Data ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
Hill Coefficients ◽  
Integer Exponent ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Analyze Data

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic Na+-driven transporters couple the movement of one or more Na+ ions down their electrochemical gradient to the active transport of a variety of solutes. When more than one Na+ is involved, Na+-binding data are usually analyzed using the Hill equation with a non-integer exponent n. The results of this analysis are an overall Kd-like constant equal to the concentration of ligand that produces half saturation and n, a measure of cooperativity. This information is usually insufficient to provide the basis for mechanistic models. In the case of transport using two Na+ ions, an n &lt; 2 indicates that molecules with only one of the two sites occupied are present at low saturation. Here, we propose a new way of analyzing Na+-binding data for the case of two Na+ ions that, by taking into account binding to individual sites, provides far more information than can be obtained by using the Hill equation with a non-integer coefficient: it yields pairs of possible values for the Na+ affinities of the individual sites that can only vary within narrowly bounded ranges. To illustrate the advantages of the method, we present experimental scintillation proximity assay (SPA) data on binding of Na+ to the Na+/I− symporter (NIS). SPA is a method widely used to study the binding of Na+ to Na+-driven transporters. NIS is the key plasma membrane protein that mediates active I− transport in the thyroid gland, the first step in the biosynthesis of the thyroid hormones, of which iodine is an essential constituent. NIS activity is electrogenic, with a 2:1 Na+/I− transport stoichiometry. The formalism proposed here is general and can be used to analyze data on other proteins with two binding sites for the same substrate.

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