An Experimental Study on a Dual-Fuel Generator Fueled With Diesel and Simulated Biogas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouvik Dev ◽  
David Stevenson ◽  
Amin Yousefi ◽  
Hongsheng Guo ◽  
James Butler
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Complete Combustion

Abstract Diesel fueled generators are widely used for power generation in remote and/or off-grid communities. In such communities, local organic waste streams can be used to generate biogas which can be used to replace diesel used by diesel generators to lower fuel cost and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Diesel powered generators can be easily retrofitted with a biogas dosing line in the engine intake to introduce biogas, but appropriate optimization would be of great help to further improve generator performance and reduce GHG emissions. The objective of this research is to demonstrate simplified optimization methods that can reduce GHG emissions (carbon dioxide and methane) from such retrofitted dual-fuel engines under various biogas compositions. The study was conducted on a modern 30 kilowatt (kW) generator using an electronically controlled, four-stroke, four-cylinder, direct injection, turbo-charged diesel engine. The engine was operated with the factory electronic control unit (ECU) and a programmable ECU which allowed for control of the fuel injections and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. Biogas was simulated by using natural gas (with more than 95% methane by volume) which was diluted with either carbon dioxide or nitrogen. This study consisted of two areas. The first one was the comparison of the engine performance when operating with biogas using the factory ECU and the programmable ECU with user optimized fuel injection. The second one was the influence of volume fraction of carbon dioxide or nitrogen in the biogas. The test results reinforced the importance of optimizing the diesel injections when the engine was operated in the biogas-diesel dual-fuel mode to ensure complete combustion and achieve a reduction in GHG emissions. Increasing nitrogen fraction had a minimal effect on the emissions, but increasing carbon dioxide fraction caused the NOx and methane emissions to decrease, and the indicated thermal efficiency to increase.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Unjuk Kerja Mesin Menggunakan Electronic Control Unit Tipe Racing dan Tipe Standar pada Sepeda Motor Automatic

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Rifki Mufti Rahman ◽  
Dwi Widjanarko ◽  
M. Burhan Rubai Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Performance Difference ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Motorcycle Engine

The achievement of electronic-based motorcycle engine or Fuel Injection (FI) has better capability or power compared to conventional system vehicles. This research aims to determine the performance difference of using racing electronic control unit (ECU) compared to standard ECU of an automatic motorcycle. The experiment was carried out on a Honda Vario 125cc motorcycle manufactured in 2013. The research method is experimental research and uses descriptive statistic method. Research findings inform that the maximum torque of the standard ECU is 16.63 Nm at 3500 rpm, and the maximum power is 6.36 KW at 4500 rpm. The racing ECU (Iquteche) has a maximum torque of 22.42 Nm at 2500 rpm, and maximum power of 7.70 kW. The apparent increase in torque is around 36.58 % and in power is around 33.9 %. It can be concluded that the Iquteche ECU provides a more optimized engine performance on an automatic motorcycle.Prestasi mesin sepeda motor berbasis elektronik atau Fuel Injection (FI) memiliki kemampuan atau tenaga yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kendaraan sistem konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan unjuk kerja mesin menggunakan Electronic Control Unit tipe racing dan tipe standar pada sepeda motor automatic. Objek penelitian dilakukan pada kendaraan Honda Vario 125cc tahun pembuatan 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunkan metode experimental serta analisis data statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh data torsi maksimal ECU standar sebesar 16.63 N.m pada putaran 3500 rpm, dan daya tertinggi sebesar 6.36 kW pada putaran 4500 rpm. Sedangkan hasil pengujian menggunakan ECU Iquteche diperoleh torsi tertingi sebesar 22.42 N.m pada putaran 2500 rpm, dan daya tertinggi sebesar 7.70 kW. Selain itu juga diketahui adanya peningkatan torsi mesin sebesar 36.58% dan peningkatan daya sebesar 33.99%, serta diketahui juga bahwa penggunaan ECU Iquteche lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan unjuk kerja mesin pada kendaraan jenis sepeda motor automatic.

scholarly journals Embedded Control System for Recent Petrol Engine Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S4) ◽  
pp. 508-511
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Petrol Engine ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Electronic Control

In the current scenario of automotive industries, it is much challenging for the research and developers to develop updated engines/vehicles to satisfy the proposed demands of environmental policy levels. To achieve the expected demands of emissions coming out from an engine exhaust not only with the help of converters in the exhaust pipe line but also the emissions should be controlled during burning of fuel with air in the ignition chamber itself. The controlled combustion of fuel and air requires not only the control fuel injection timing with duration of injection and tune up of the complete fuel injection system with hardware components of ECU but also requires the control of ignition timing. The complete electronic control for petrol engine with direct injection unit is required to communicate between PC and an engine. CAN with SPI interface is used to communicate the electronic control unit with engine

scholarly journals Development of a Generic Dual Fuel ECU for Common Rail Diesel Engine Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Luke James Frogley
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Operation

<p>Rising costs of diesel fuel has led to an increased interest in dual fuel diesel engine conversion, which can offset diesel consumption though the simultaneous combustion of a secondary gaseous fuel. This system offers benefits both environmentally and financially in an increasingly energy-conscious society. Dual fuel engine conversions have previously been fitted to mechanical injection systems, requiring physical modification of the fuel pump. The aim of this work is to develop a novel electronic dual fuel control system that may be installed on any modern diesel engine using common rail fuel injection with solenoid injector valves, eliminating the need for mechanical modification of the diesel fuel system.  The dual fuel electronic control unit developed replaces up to 90 percent of the diesel fuel required with cleaner-burning and cheaper compressed natural gas, providing the same power output with lower greenhouse gas emissions than pure diesel. The dual fuel system developed controls the flow of diesel, gas, air, and engine timing to ensure combustion is optimised to maintain a specific torque at a given speed and demand. During controlled experimental analysis, the dual fuel system exceeded the target substitution rate of 90 precent, with a peak diesel substitution achieved of 97 percent, whilst maintaining the same torque performance of the engine under diesel operation.</p>

scholarly journals ECU calibration for gaseous dual fuel supply system in compression ignition engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Denys Stepanenko ◽  
Zbigniew Kneba
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Combustion Mode ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Engine Wear ◽  
Dual Fuel Engines

The dual fuel (DF) combustion mode is proven solution that allows to improve or get at the same level engine performance and reduce toxic compounds in exhaust gases which is confirmed by researchers and end-users. DF combustion mode uses two fuels gaseous fuel as a primary energy source and a pilot quantity of diesel fuel as ignition source. However, in order, to fully take advantage of the potential of the dual fuel mode, DF system must be proper calibrated. Despite the existence of commercial control systems for dual fuel engines on the market, the literature on the important parameters for the engine's operation introduced during calibration is scarce. This article briefly describes a concept of working algorithm and calibration strategy of a dual fuel electronic control unit (ECU) The purpose of calibration is to achieve the greatest possible use of an alternative gaseous fuel without causing accelerated engine wear.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Performance, Emission, and Combustion Characteristics of a Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel Engine Powered with Three Different Biodiesel Blends

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5597
Author(s):  
K. M. V. Ravi Teja ◽  
P. Issac Prasad ◽  
K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ◽  
N. R. Banapurmath ◽  
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Fuel Flexibility

Biodiesel is a renewable energy source which is gaining prominence as an alternative fuel over fossil diesel for different applications. Due to their higher viscosity and lower volatility, biodiesels are blended with diesel in various proportions. B20 blends are viable and sustainable solutions in diesel engines with acceptable engine performance as they can replace 20% fossil fuel usage. Biodiesel blends are slightly viscous as compared with diesel and can be used in common rail direct injection (CRDI) engines which provide high pressure injection using an electronic control unit (ECU) with fuel flexibility. In view of this, B20 blends of three biodiesels derived from cashew nutshell (CHNOB (B20)), jackfruit seed (JACKSOB (B20)), and Jamun seed (JAMNSOB (B20)) oils are used in a modified single-cylinder high-pressure-assisted CRDI diesel engine. At a BP of 5.2 kW, for JAMNSOB (B20) operation, BTE, NOx, and PP increased 4.04%, 0.56%, and 5.4%, respectively, and smoke, HC, CO, ID, and CD decreased 5.12%, 6.25%, 2.75%, 5.15%, and 6.25%, respectively, as compared with jackfruit B20 operation.

Effects of the injection timing on knock and combustion characteristics in dual-fuel dual-injection engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 2578-2591
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Changwen Liu ◽  
Rui Kang ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Haiqiao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Spark Timing

To utilize ethanol fuel in spark ignition engines more efficiently and flexibly, a new ethanol/gasoline dual-direct injection concept in gasoline engine is proposed. Therefore, based on the dual-fuel dual-direct injection system, the effects of different injection timings and two injector positions on the characteristics of combustion were studied comprehensively, and the effects of different octane numbers and temperature stratifications on knock and combustion were explored. The results show that as for Position A (ethanol injecting toward spark plug), with the delay of injection timing, knock tendency and its intensity increase initially and then decrease due to the comprehensive effect of ethanol evaporation and fuel stratification; on the contrary, for Position B (ethanol injecting toward end-gas region), retarding the injection timing of ethanol can effectively reduce the knock propensity. As for the engine performance, a dual-direct injection performs best, especially the retarded injection timing of ethanol for Position A. It can be found that with the delay of the fuel injection timing, the torque first increases and then decreases. The brake-specific fuel consumption decreases initially and then increases at maximum brake torque spark timing.

A Numerical Study on Combustion and Emissions in a Dual Fuel Directly Injected Engine Using Biogas and Diesel

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshit Dewan ◽  
Bassem H. Ramadan ◽  
Craig Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Expected Benefits

A numerical study on the use of biogas and diesel in a dual-fueled directly-injected engine has been conducted. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of using biogas on engine performance, combustion, and emissions. The main fuel is biogas which is premixed with air in order to form a homogeneous mixture. The mixture is then compressed and ignited by injecting diesel fuel before TDC. The pilot fuel is expected to lead to multiple ignition points in the cylinder in order to achieve uniform combustion in the cylinder. The expected benefits are lower nitrogen oxides and soot compared to pure diesel combustion. Numerical simulations using CFD software were used to simulate fuel-air mixture, compression, fuel injection, combustion, and emissions. Different quantities of biogas and diesel were investigated to determine the optimum mixture ratio. Since biogas, which is natural gas produced from human waste, contains large quantities of carbon dioxide, the effect of carbon dioxide content in the fuel was investigated. The results of this study agree very well with results from other studies found in the literature.

The Design and Construction of Air Intake System of a Gasoline-Natural Gas Dual Fuel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Xiao Hong Liu ◽  
Zhi Kan Wei ◽  
Jing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
Design And Construction

The concept of this design is to replace a carburetor by an electronic controlled gasoline-natural gas dual fuel injection system, which mainly consists of a gasoline supply unit, a natural gas-air intake system, a single-chip electronic control unit and sensors. The retrofit design and construction of this system enables the engine working under several modes of a) gasoline combustion only, b) natural gas combustion only and c) gasoline-natural gas dual fuel combustion, hence make it possible to combust different fuels under the best air-fuel ratio. This leads to a low exhaust gas emissions and fuel-saving.

scholarly journals Development of a Generic Dual Fuel ECU for Common Rail Diesel Engine Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Luke James Frogley
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Operation

<p>Rising costs of diesel fuel has led to an increased interest in dual fuel diesel engine conversion, which can offset diesel consumption though the simultaneous combustion of a secondary gaseous fuel. This system offers benefits both environmentally and financially in an increasingly energy-conscious society. Dual fuel engine conversions have previously been fitted to mechanical injection systems, requiring physical modification of the fuel pump. The aim of this work is to develop a novel electronic dual fuel control system that may be installed on any modern diesel engine using common rail fuel injection with solenoid injector valves, eliminating the need for mechanical modification of the diesel fuel system.  The dual fuel electronic control unit developed replaces up to 90 percent of the diesel fuel required with cleaner-burning and cheaper compressed natural gas, providing the same power output with lower greenhouse gas emissions than pure diesel. The dual fuel system developed controls the flow of diesel, gas, air, and engine timing to ensure combustion is optimised to maintain a specific torque at a given speed and demand. During controlled experimental analysis, the dual fuel system exceeded the target substitution rate of 90 precent, with a peak diesel substitution achieved of 97 percent, whilst maintaining the same torque performance of the engine under diesel operation.</p>

scholarly journals Electronic control unit development and emissions evaluation for hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401881407
Author(s):  
Yasin Karagöz ◽  
Majid Mohammad Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines

In this study, it was aimed to operate today’s compression ignition engines easily in dual-fuel mode with a developed electronic control unit. Especially, diesel engines with mechanical fuel system can be easily converted to common-rail fuel system with a developed electronic control unit. Also, with this developed electronic control unit, old technology compression ignition engines can be turned into dual-fuel mode easily. Thus, thanks to the flexibility of engine maps to be loaded into the electronic control unit, diesel engines can conveniently be operated with alternative gas fuels and diesel dual fuel. In particular, hydrogen, an alternative, environmentally friendly, and clean gas fuel, can easily be used with diesel engines by pilot spraying. Software and hardware development of electronic control unit are made, in order to operate a diesel engine with diesel+hydrogen dual fuel. Finally, developed electronic control unit was reviewed on 1500 r/min stable engine speed on different hydrogen energy rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% hydrogen) according to thermic efficiency and emissions (CO, total unburned hydrocarbons, NOx, and smoke), and apart from NOx emissions, a significant improvement has been obtained. There was no increased NOx emission on 15% hydrogen working condition; however, on 45% hydrogen working condition, a dramatic increase arose.

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