Open Production: A New Broker-Based Approach to Interactive Value Creation and User Manufacturing

Author(s):  
Tobias Redlich ◽  
Franz-Ludwig Bruhns

Business strategies and organization are subject to a permanent adjustment due to the discontinuity of the markets. Mass production, in particular, and a focus on tayloristic principles, in general, no longer seem to be the right choice within this context. Rather, the increasing importance of customization and the transition to an information-based economy leads to the question whether the currently enshrined distinction between producer and consumer is still appropriate. The authors of this paper assume that the key to dealing with complex economic turbulences can be found in the implementation of a new form of coordination, in which the strict separation between producer and consumer is repealed. That requires changeability at all levels of production systems as it is inherent to the approach of “Open Production” that will be introduced with this paper. While Open Production encompasses recent concepts like “Open Innovation”, “Mass Customization”, and “e-Manufacturing”, the three “pillars” of Open Production are openness, individualization and web integration. Additionally it implies a superior broker system that coordinates the information and material flows between the stakeholders of open production. This represents a completely new, but profoundly changeable form of coordination integrating the customers into production directly, where as the previously static separation into a customer and a corporate domain and the division of labor and competence is dissolved.

Author(s):  
Fabrice Alizon ◽  
Steven B. Shooter ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson

Everyone knows Henry Ford’s famous maxim: “You can have any color car you want so long as it’s black”. While he is recognized as the father of mass production, his contributions extend well beyond that, offering valuable lessons for product platforming and mass customization. While Ford’s pioneering production systems are widely known and studied, few realize that Ford’s Model T could be viewed as one of the greatest platforms ever created, enabling his workers to customize this model for a variety of different markets. In this paper, we study Ford’s Model T in depth and describe insights into Ford’s vision and his car: how the platform was built, how it was leveraged, and how the platform was maintained dynamically and with continuous improvements to maximize learning and economies of scale. Finally, we compare Ford’s approach to more current approaches to learn from his innovative product line. In some aspects this old car still runs faster than us, and we can learn valuable lessons from the past to avoid future mistakes and improve current practices.


2015 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 671-676
Author(s):  
Traian Mazilu ◽  
Aurel Tarara

This case study describes the transition and the evolution from mass production to mass customization in the case of highly complex engineering products, LED lighting systems, and how can some of the principles of this mass customization`s business strategy may be applied. It is analyzed the capabilities of the existing production systems within a company producing lighting systems, as well as the flexibility and ability to adapt in order to introduce new customized products. The study aims to analyze the strategic principles formed around the company’s core capabilities, the competitive advantages offered by introducing this new strategy as well as its limitations. In the end we will give an overview on the development of mass customization of LED lighting system.


2020 ◽  
pp. 000812562097443
Author(s):  
Krithika Randhawa ◽  
Joel West ◽  
Katrina Skellern ◽  
Emmanuel Josserand

While open innovation ecosystems allow a firm to harness external sources of value creation, these external ties can also constrain its ability to adapt its innovation strategy to pursue new opportunities. This article looks at how an incumbent firm approached such constraints, and used cognitive artifacts to transform its value chain into a collaborative ecosystem. It examines the case of a 3D printing-enabled shift to mass customization of orthopedic medical implants. The results demonstrate how firms can use artifacts to build a shared understanding across heterogeneous stakeholders as they explore and develop new open innovation models, and how this process can be managed flexibly to avoid adopting a locally (rather than globally) optimal strategy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Tarariko ◽  
L.V. Datsko ◽  
M.O. Datsko

The aim of the work is to assess the existing and prospective models for the development of agricultural production in Central Polesie on the basis of economic feasibility and ecological balance. The evaluation of promising agricultural production systems was carried out with the help of simulation modeling of various infrastructure options at the levels of crop and multisectoral specialization of agroecosystems. The agro-resource potential of Central Polesie is better implemented in the rotation with lupine, corn and flax dolguntsem with well-developed infrastructure, including crop, livestock units, grain processing and storage systems, feed, finished products and waste processing in the bioenergetic station. The expected income for the formation of such an infrastructure is almost 8 thousand dollars. / with a payback period of capital investments of 2-3 years.


Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-601
Author(s):  
Luisa Felix Dalla Vecchia ◽  
Nirce Saffer Medvedovski

Social housing customization in Brazil refers to the current processes of development and evolution of government-funded neighborhoods for the lowest-income population. The mass production of small housing units that do not satisfy family needs instigates a self-design and self-construction process post-occupancy to customize the units. Ultimately, these changes to the units bring unintended negative consequences for the families and the city. In this context, mass customization is seen as an alternative to address some of the problems related to unit design.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chin Chiang ◽  
Jian-Cin Chao

An optical fiber solution-concentration sensor based on whispering gallery mode (WGM) is proposed in this paper. The WGM solution-concentration sensors were used to measure salt solutions, in which the concentrations ranged from 1% to 25% and the wavelength drifted from the left to the right. The experimental results showed an average sensitivity of approximately 0.372 nm/% and anR2linearity of 0.8835. The proposed WGM sensors are of low cost, feasible for mass production, and durable for solution-concentration sensing.


2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 1340016 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUSTYNA DĄBROWSKA ◽  
IRINA FIEGENBAUM ◽  
ANTERO KUTVONEN

Open innovation holds great potential for improving the efficiency of companies' innovation processes, but also presents substantial risks. A key issue in innovation management is finding the right balance of openness, i.e., determining how open companies should be in their innovation activities. However, academics and business practitioners hold conflicting notions of what constitutes open innovation practice and of how "open innovation companies" are defined. In this paper, we present three in-depth case studies of global R&D-intensive companies, where we find that the firms' perception of their openness differs from their actual situation (as determined by the innovation practices that they apply), and that each company has a different view as to what constitutes open innovation. We claim that resolving conceptual ambiguity and differentiating between openness (as a philosophical aspect) and open innovation (as a way of structuring the innovation process) in research is critical in order to clarify the current state of open innovation research and enable the communication of results to practitioners.


2006 ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Vukicevic

One of the specificities of the large-serial and mass production is the almost neglected percentage of prepare-finish time in the production cycle. In the conditions of today dominant discontinuous production, it becomes a significant element of the production cycle. The eastern (Japan) doctrine of increasing the flexibility of the production systems, is based inter alia also on the extreme reduction of the prepare-finish time. For this reason, the aim of this study was to identify the types and percentages of individual jobs within the group of prepare-finish jobs. The sample consisted of 3 (three) production systems for the production of joinery, with the discontinuous production system. The research shows that the percentage of time of the jobs installation of work instruments, regulation of processing regime, and removal of work instruments is extremely long and that it ranges between 11.83% and 18.93% of the shift time. The reasons of the high percentage of these jobs are the wide range of products and the absence of the rationalisation of prepare-finish jobs. Within the efforts to minimize the effects of disruption and to increase the flexibility of the production systems, the rationalisation of prepare-finish jobs is the unavoidable condition.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Anwar Romadhon ◽  
Erma Suryani

<p class="Abstrak">Perkembangan rumah sakit di Indonesia semakin meningkat, sejak tahun 2012 sampai 2018 mengalami peningkatan dengan rata – rata 5.2%. Tentunya hal tersebut memiliki dampak terhadap daya saing yang lebih kompetitif. Kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia  yang mengharuskan rumah sakit bekerja sama dengan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) guna pemerataan  pelayanan kesehatan mempengaruhi jumlah pendapatan. Faktanya asuransi BPJS Kesehatan mengalami defisit anggaran yang nilainya sangat besar. <em>Manajement</em> rumah sakit harus mencari strategi dan kebijakan yang tepat dalam upaya memaksimalkan pendapatan khususnya di era JKN. Pembatasan jumlah kunjungan tidak mungkin dilakukan mengingat sebagian besar pasien berasal dari peserta BPJS Kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menemukan kebijakan dan solusi yang tepat bagi rumah sakit untuk mendapatkan keuntungan finasial dalam kondisi defisitnya anggaran asuransi kesehatan. Penting informasi membuat manajemen rumah sakit berupaya untuk memanfaatkan teknologi informasi sebagai media untuk merancang strategi bisnisnya, simulasi komputer seperti pemodelan sistem dinamik mempu menggambarkan dan mensimulasikan sistem secara nyata yang mengacu pada data,  sehingga pemangku kepentingan dapat memprediksi kondisi yang bisa terjadi dimasa depan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya dengan merubah sistem pembayaran dari <em>Fee For Services</em> menjadi <em>INA</em> - <em>Case Base Groups</em> dapat memberikan keuntungan lebih bagi rumah sakit, hal ini dikarenakan tarif yang ditetapkan menyesuaikan dengan tarif rumah sakit di seluruh Indonesia. Temuan lain yang perlu diperhatikan adalah piutang pihak asuransi mengalami peningkatan, tentunya hal tersebut perlu perhatian lebih, serta bisa dijadikan bahan pertimbangan untuk mengubah sistem pembayaran karena sesuai hasil simulasi dapat memaksimalkan jumlah pendapatan . Lokasi penelitian di unit rawat inap, rumah sakit islam surabaya, diharapkan dari hasil pemodelan simulasi bisa dijadikan sebagai gambaran atau acuan bagi manajemen puncak rumah sakit dalam mengambil sebuah keputusan sebagai strategi bisnis.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="Abstrak"></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Hospital development in Indonesia has increased, from 2012 to 2018 has increased by an average of 5.2%.. Of course this has an impact on more competitive competitiveness. Indonesian government policy that requires hospitals to work closely with the National Health Insurance (JKN) in order to equalize health services affects the amount of revenue. The fact is that BPJS Health insurance has a very large budget deficit. Hospital management must find the right strategy and policy in an effort to maximize revenue, especially in the JKN era. Limiting the number of visits is not possible considering that most patients come from BPJS Health participants. The purpose of this study was to find the right policies and solutions for hospital to obtain financial benefits in the health insurance budget deficit. Important information makes hospital management strive to utilize information technology as media for designing business strategies, computer simulations such as dynamic system modeling can describe and simulate real systems that refer to data, so that stakeholders can predict conditions that can occur in the future. The results showed that by changing the payment system from Fee For Services to INA - Case Base Groups can provide more benefits for hospital, this is because the rates set adjust to hospital rates throughout Indonesia. Another finding that needs to be considered is that the insurance receivables have increased, of course it needs more attention, and can be taken into consideration to change the payment system because according to the simulation results can maximize the amount of income. The location of research in the inpatient unit, Surabaya Islamic hospital, is expected from the results of simulation modeling can be used as an illustration or reference for top management of the hospital in making a decision as a business strategy.</em></p>


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