Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Force on Solar Panels

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu T. G. Giorges ◽  
Guillermo J. Amador ◽  
Kevin Caravati ◽  
Joseph Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Solar Arrays ◽  
Turbulent Process

Significant cost reductions for solar photovoltaic systems can be realized through aerodynamic design improvements for ground mounted and rooftop installations. Current practices in the solar industry are based on ASCE-7 codes created for buildings and do not fully account for wind reduction strategies. Numerical simulation is one of the tools that can be used to evaluate wind loads and improve system designs while maintaining reliability and durability. As a first order analysis, we have numerically simulated a solar photovoltaic panel as a flat plate with an aspect ratio of 0.5, which includes the simulation of turbulence experienced by panels. The flow is simulated using the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and the turbulent process is simulated using k–ε model. The numerical model and boundary conditions are derived from similar experimental wind tunnel experiments. The aerodynamic force is calculated from the integration of the normal and tangential pressure forces. The result of the numerical simulation shows that the wind load on a solar panel can be successfully simulated numerically and the simulation data can be used to evaluate redesigns of the system, allowing for the effective customization of solar arrays based on local conditions.

Numerical Study of Wind Loads on Residential Roof-Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Arrays

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu T. G. Giorges ◽  
Guillermo J. Amador ◽  
Joseph Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Wind Load ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Solar Arrays ◽  
Photovoltaic Arrays

Residential rooftops offer attractive options for solar arrays since it makes productive use of otherwise unused space and are co-located with residential demand. However, the current installation practice in the solar panel industry is based on code (ASCE-7) that is intended to estimate the design wind loads on buildings and roofs and is not intended to apply to roof-mounted solar arrays. Conservative mounting approaches are likely to result in over designed and expensive mounting systems, while less conservative methods may jeopardize the integrity of the whole system and safety of the surrounding structure. One of the major challenges of producing affordable energy form solar photovoltaic arrays is the cost of the installation. Thus, understanding wind-induced aerodynamic loads in arrays of solar panels is an important part of designing appropriate mounting systems. This study addresses the wind load on a 1:12 scale model of a moderate (83.6 m2) residential structure with a roof pitch of 26.5° with two arrays of solar panels on one side. The wind angle is varied from 0 to 360 degrees to address front and back roof-mounted arrays. The flow is simulated using the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and k–ε turbulent model. The wind load is estimated from numerically obtained wind-induced pressure coefficients. The model result is also compared to a roof with no panels. Depending on the air flow direction, complex maximum and minimum pressure locations are identified where the panels are exposed to extreme conditions.

Numerical Simulation of Muzzle Flow Field of Gun Based on CFD

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1981-1984
Author(s):  
Zhang Xia Guo ◽  
Yu Tian Pan ◽  
Yong Cun Wang ◽  
Hai Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Stokes Equation ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Flow Fields ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Turbulent Model ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Numerical Simulation Result

Gunpowder was released in an instant when the pill fly out of the shell during the firing, and then formed a complicated flow fields about the muzzle when the gas expanded sharply. Using the 2 d axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equation combined with single equation turbulent model to conduct the numerical simulation of the process of gunpowder gass evacuating out of the shell without muzzle regardless of the pill’s movement. The numerical simulation result was identical with the experimental. Then simulated the evacuating process of gunpowder gass of an artillery with muzzle brake. The result showed complicated wave structure of the flow fields with the muzzle brake and analysed the influence of muzzle brake to the gass flow field distribution.

scholarly journals A note on time-fractional Navier–Stokes equation and multi-Laplace transform decomposition method

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Eltayeb ◽  
Imed Bachar ◽  
Yahya T. Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Approximate Solution ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Adomian Decomposition Method ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Adomian Decomposition ◽  
Stokes Problems

Abstract In this study, the double Laplace Adomian decomposition method and the triple Laplace Adomian decomposition method are employed to solve one- and two-dimensional time-fractional Navier–Stokes problems, respectively. In order to examine the applicability of these methods some examples are provided. The presented results confirm that the proposed methods are very effective in the search of exact and approximate solutions for the problems. Numerical simulation is used to sketch the exact and approximate solution.

Numerical Simulation Calculation of Hydroplane Direct Route Motion Based on FLUENT

2012 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 368-375
Author(s):  
Yu Qin ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Jia Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Velocity Change ◽  
Direct Route ◽  
Field Situation ◽  
Simulation Calculation

Aiming at hydrodynamic performance prediction for hydroplane motion, numerical simulation calculation for direct route motion of a hydroplane was carried out under FLUENT software platform by using VOF method and RNG k-ε model and solving Navier-Stokes equation. Evolution of ship resistance was obtained as the velocity change, and flow field situation and dynamic pressure variation of hydroplane hull bottom were reflected intuitively. By comparing the results of FLUENT calculation and ship model experiment and theoretical estimation, analyzing, especially wake current, it was verified that numerical simulation calculation of hydroplane direct route motion and hydrodynamic performance prediction based on FLUENT are feasible and precise enough.

Mid-Profile Design and Numerical Simulation for Supercavitating Vehicle

2011 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 592-595
Author(s):  
Yu Tian Li ◽  
Yu Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Supercavitating Vehicle ◽  
Profile Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Curve Equation ◽  
Geometrical Equation ◽  
Better Than

Based on elliptic curve equation and G.V.Logvinovich cavity geometrical equation, the mid-profile of supercavitating vehicle was researched. The author uses Navier-Stokes equation and k-ε turbulence equation to simulate the designed geometry shape depending on structure grid. The beneficial results show that the mid-profile design for supercavitating vehicle is able to integrate and control the partial attached cavitating flow, and enable the cavity proximate shape to the elliptic shape. As a result, the cavitating reflow phenomenon influenced by tail nozzle contraction at the rear of the supercavitating vehicle could be mitigated, and in a certain range of curvature, the drag reduction performance is better than that of the cylindrical method. The research is able to effectively increase the fullness of the supercavitating vehicle in the mid-profile, and so it is quite superiority.

Moisture Transport and Shrinkage in Concrete at early Age

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stokes Equation ◽  
Lattice Gas ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Weak Zone ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Moisture Flow ◽  
Lattice Gas Automata

Abstract: The moisture flow and drying of porous media, such as concrete, is tackled through the Navier-Stokes equation, where the Navier-Stokes equation is considered as the link between the theory of fluid flow, Acoustic Emission (AE) experiments on cracking (sound propagation based on the wave equation) and Lattice Gas Automata, (LGA) being a numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equation. Early age cracking in the ITZ is induced by using the moisture flow as the only “load” that causes cracking due to drying shrinkage volume changes in Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) tests. An attempt is made to link and compare experimental results conducted by means of AE and ESEM to the results of 2-D LGA numerical simulation. Lattice Gas Automata (FHP model) is used as a basis to generate a new model for drying of porous medium. Special emphasis in a model creation is given to the Interface Transition Zone (ITZ), between aggregate and cement paste, because of the early crack initiation in this highly porous and strength-weak zone.

Unsteady Flow Numerical Simulation in a Double Channel Pump and Measurements of Pressure Fluctuation at Volute Outlet

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou-lin Liu ◽  
Ming-zhen Lu ◽  
Bin-bin Lu ◽  
Ming-gao Tan ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Sliding Mesh ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Double Channel ◽  
Fft Analysis

Adopting the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equation and RNG k-ε turbulent model, the unsteady flow in the double channel pump is simulated with sliding mesh technique. Detecting points in the impeller and volute passages are to capture the pressure fluctuation law at different time. The pressure fluctuation around the outlet of the volute is measured by pressure transducer, then the frequency domain pattern under different conditions comes out. With the Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, the pressure changing law of time domain at the outlet of the volute is investigated under different operating conditions. It shows that the pressure fluctuation in the volute differs under different conditions. The pressure changing law obtained by the numerical simulation at the outlet of the volute accords with the measurement results. Also the pressure fluctuation at the outlet of the volute is closely related to the interaction between impeller and volute.

The Influence of the Number of Impeller’s Blade on the Performance of Multistage Centrifugal Pump

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2851-2856
Author(s):  
Ling Yi ◽  
Zhi Peng Li ◽  
Yan Hui Chen ◽  
Shun Jun Hong
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
The Self ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Blade Number ◽  
Multistage Centrifugal Pump ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: In order to understand the relationship between the number of blade and the performance of the self-balance multistage centrifugal pump’s first stage impeller internal flow characteristics, Reynolds Navier-Stokes equation and κ~ε turbulence model are used for numerical simulation. The objects of numerical simulation are five self-balance multistage centrifugal pump’s first stage impellers, the blade number of them is 4，5，6，7，8.Under the rated flow ,the numerical simulation obtain five kind of impeller inner flow field distribution , Through the comparative analysis ,when the number of blade is 4,8,the flow of the impeller’s inner and pressure distribution become chaos ;And, the number of blade is 5,6,7, With the increase of blade number, the impeller internal flow are smoother，the head and efficiency are enhanced correspondingly.

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