Biomimetic Membrane Simulation for Water Desalination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ozaveshe Oviroh ◽  
Rokhsareh Akbarzadeh ◽  
Tien-Chien Jen
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Nanoporous Membranes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biomimetic Membrane ◽  
Low Efficiency

Reverse Osmosis (RO) for the desalination of saline water is associated with tremendous energy costs and low efficiency. Improvements in nanotechnology have led to the development of a variety of nanoporous membranes for water purification. Biomimetic membrane is an emerging new technology for water purification. Consequently, there is still much to study about the function and structure of these kinds of membranes. The purpose of this work was to determine which factors influence membrane performance. The focus was on those factors affecting membranes in pure water. Biomimetic membrane using MoS2 which has a higher rate of ion rejection and higher water permeability was studied through molecular dynamics simulations using reactive force fields (ReaxFF). The behaviour of the membrane before subjecting it to desalination was studied. The effect of water temperature, atmospheric pressure and membrane thickness on performance of membrane was studied. The permeability flux was calculated and compared in different conditions and the relation between these factors was revealed.

Design and Development of a Solar Water Purification System with Graphene-Plasmonic based Hybrid Nanocomposites: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Asif Javed ◽  
Muhammad Sarfaraz ◽  
Asif Mahmood ◽  
M. Zubair Nisar ◽  
Akbar Ali Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposite ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Low Efficiency

: Harvesting solar energy for water treatments has been considered a promising solution for the global community. The shortage of water is a great challenge for scientists due to the increased demand of population. However, the low efficiency of absorber materials is an obstacle in practical applications. In addition, state-of-the-art conventional technologies require optical concentrators and multiple component-based systems, leading to lower efficiency and higher cost. In this review, a low-cost, more reliable, less energy-intensive, and more eco-friendly solar water purification system based on graphene-plasmonic hybrid nanocomposite has been demonstrated. Graphene-plasmonic-based hybrid nanocomposite has been utilized to achieve pure water from wastewater. Such hybrid nanocomposites have the ability to clean polluted water very efficiently due to their excellent properties such as higher surface area, low concentration, and working ability. Furthermore, the development of a solar water purification system has been achieved through optimized hybrid nanocomposites.

Simulation of MoS2 Nanolayer Membrane Performance for Water Desalination Using ReaxFF

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ozaveshe Oviroh ◽  
Jitian Han ◽  
Tien-Chien Jen
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The use of nanolayer membrane for desalination is an emerging new technology for water purification. Improvements in nanotechnology have led to the development of a variety of nanolayer membranes such as MoS2 and Graphene for water purification that could replace current materials used for reverse osmosis. The reaction of water on 2D monolayer of Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) was studied using the ReaxFF. Different vacant sites were created such as Mo- and S-vacancy, MoS and S2-divacancy, MoS2 and MoS2-triple for the minimization. The H-O-H and O-H-H molecule demonstrated a stable negative adsorption energy on the different vacancies created, while both the Mo vacancy+H-O-H and the Mo+S2 triple vacancy+O-H-H produced positive binding energies which are unfavourable to adsorption. The molecular dynamics simulation was done to study the factors which could influence membrane performance thereby guide to physical tests. Pore chemistry play a significant role in modulating the water flux and this is explained through the energy barriers.

scholarly journals A review on biodesalination using halophytic microalgae: opportunities and challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluwork Maru ◽  
Endalkachew Sahle-Demissie ◽  
Feleke Zewge
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Desalination Plants

Abstract Due to the limited availability of freshwater sources on Earth, desalination technologies have received great attention in order to use the vast brackish and seawater resources. Large-scale desalination plants have been constructed in water-stressed countries and produced a considerable amount of drinking water. Membrane desalination technologies, mostly reverse osmosis, have been utilized in most new designs instead of thermal processes. However, the cost and energy demand of existing technologies prohibit their use on a global scale. Besides, the release of highly concentrated brine after desalination is another environmental concern. Thus, the development of alternative, energy- and cost-efficient methods for water desalination becomes attractive. Use of halophytic microalgae for bio-desalination application is one of the new and promising approaches to become a distinct field of research. Microalgae remove salt both through biosorption and bioaccumulation. Salt removal efficiency depends on microalgae species used and different operating parameters such as temperature, light, pH, and nutrient availability in the saline water. Hence, in this review paper, the application of salt-tolerant green and blue-green microalgae for desalinization is presented. Moreover, the different factors affecting treatment efficiency, methods used for biomass harvesting, current challenges of the process, and future studies required for sustainable application of microalgae-based desalination at a commercial scale are discussed in detail.

Mechanical Analysis of Warm Extrusion Precision Forming on 42CrMo Steel Cutting Pick

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 1061-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Jian Su ◽  
Quan Lan Li ◽  
Lin Jing Xiao ◽  
Su Min Guo
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Extrusion Force ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
42Crmo Steel ◽  
Pick Body ◽  
Mining Tool ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Warm Extrusion

Cutting pick is a kind of widely-used consumptive mining tool. The traditional producing technics of cutting pick body is foundry, or machining after roughly forging, or machining directly from metal bar. By former technics, the property of products is poor, and by latter, the material availability is low and the cost is high. The patent technology for cutting pick body warm extrusion introduced in this paper can overcome all the disadvantages mentioned above. In this paper, by analyzing the characteristic of cutting pick body warm extrusion, adopting the principle of power balance to solve the approximate solution of strain forces, the approximate calculating formulas of extruding power are deduced. The main factors affecting on extrusion force are determined theoretically. This research can be used as basis to design tooling and choose proper equipment for this new technology.

Exploring sectoral diversity in the timing of organizational blockchain adoption

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Turhan ◽  
Ibrahim Akman
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Blockchain Technology

PurposeBlockchain is a relatively new technology. Although it has a high potential to influence organizational strategies for adoption into respective operations, it has not been widely explored yet. This study aims to assess the sectoral diversity in the timing of organizational adoption of blockchain through selected organizational factors.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted based on a sample of 208 IT professionals. The data was collected using an instrument containing 17 questions. The existence of sector diversity was statistically analyzed using the Least Square Regression method.FindingsThe results indicate that, except for management support and perceived ease of use, all the other factors in the analysis significantly influence sector diversity in terms of blockchain adoption timing.Originality/valueAlthough blockchain has received attention from researchers, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no published work in the literature that explores the organizational factors influencing sectoral differences in the timing of blockchain technology adoption. Therefore, our work is unique in the related literature since we present analyses for the diversity between public and private sectors by modeling the factors affecting the intentions for the timing of blockchain adoption as part of the organizations' IT infrastructure.

scholarly journals Water Treatment and Purification in Fiqh Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 594-603
Author(s):  
Wan Ainaa Mardhiah Wan Zahari, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
Muslim Communities

Water is the primary source needed to ensure human and other creature life continuity. There are a lot of water on this planet, but increasingly this water is not where it is needed or it is of inadequate quality (purity) for human consumption or other beneficial for example industrial, agricultural and so on purposes. Contaminated water supply causing harm to human body health and also contributes to extinction to the certain creature. Thus, water-saving or wise water usage is an important matter in Islam. Reuse of wastewater or sewage water is a solution to the water crisis problem faced nowadays. The contaminated water is purified and treated by certain processes. Water purification or treatment water is introduced to produce pure and clean water. However, discussions and debates among experts and societies continue to occur because the water is categorised as pure water but not purify (musta'mal) and impure water and not purify (mutanajjis). Therefore, this study aims to identify the concept and method of water purification and treatment (تطهير الماء) according to Fiqh perspective. Methodology of this study is qualitative approach by using document analysis by analysing several classic Fiqh books by four mazhab (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafie and Hanbali). Hence, this study can discover the water purification method suggested in Fiqh perspective to be applied by Muslim communities in Malaysia.

scholarly journals DIGITAL MARKETING 5-GENERATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS ACCEPTANCE BEHAVIOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-59
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting

Cumulative usage of digital media by customers, most of the companies are exploitation the digital marketing to get the access towards their target clients and markets. With the development of mobile technologies, mobile services have become an essential part of people's lives. After an ample research a series of advance experimentation and development, the mobile technology emerged and enters into more advance 5-G period. The purpose of this study is to examine various marketing strategies and investigate Pakistani consumers’ approach towards the existing mobile services and classify the factors affecting their preferences towards 5-G acceptance. With a view to accomplish this study. A cross-sectional technique with the help of questionnaire was used to collect data. 15 to 45 years age people male & female were our targeted audience from the different places of Multan city (Punjab province) Pakistan. 500 questionnaires were distributed and received (n) 430 which were completed by all aspects. (F=58%) & (M=42%). SPSS, (22nd) version used for data analysis. After the data analysis and discussion, (r) correlation was retrospection that (DV), (IV) & (MV) have a strong and positive relationship between each other. (r2) regression analysis also showed the confident, positive and durable relation among the all variables. Results show that the convenience, price, service quality, self-efficacy and value are the factors affecting consumers’ acceptance in the presence of a moderator that is perceived usefulness. Suggested an extended TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) for checking consumer’s behavior towards 5-G mobile services. Consumers should adopt the new technology and utilize it for the benefits of him/herself and for the community, nation and state.

scholarly journals Contribution of Factors Affecting Crop Production in Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis with Production Function Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faruq-Uz-Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Climate Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Or Economics

Bangladesh has achieved a tremendous success in food production in last few decades amidst challenges of land degradation, land use changes and climate effect. In spite of the increasing trend of yields of crops, there still remain some challenges to meet the growing needs due to increase in population and loss of land to development activities. This study aims to identify the rate of contributions or economics of factors of crop production in Bangladesh. Cobb-Douglas production function has been applied in this study of crop production using a number of production factors within the broad terms land, labour and capital. Secondary data, representing factors of production, have been selected based on literature reviews so that they can be appropriate for this study. Data of crop production have been considered as dependent variables, whereas, land area coverage for agricultural production, labour employed in agriculture, agricultural household expenditure, fertilizer applied and irrigation coverage have been considered as independent variables. Land and labour is negatively correlated with crop production, whereas, fertilizer is positively correlated. Crop production which shows decreasing return to scale deserves the adoption of new technology and good agricultural management practices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document