Debris Detection in Hydraulic Oil Using a Microfluidic Inductive Pulse Device

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongpeng Zhang ◽  
Wen Huang ◽  
Junwei Jin ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Dongqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Metal Wear ◽  
Particle Contamination ◽  
The Relationship

Metal wear debris is an important component of oil particle contamination and is also an essential information carrier in hydraulic oil. Based on inductive Coulter counting principle, a microfluidic device to detect wear debris in oil is presented. The proposed device has the advantage that in theory the distance between wear particle in oil and an embedded coil is 0, which can greatly improve the sensitivity of detection. The relationship between coil parameters and inductive change of a coil is analyzed through the related experimental statistics. The result indicates it can distinguish effectively ferrous and nonferrous metal particles in oil, and the size of 19 μm iron particles and 40 μm copper particles can be detected.

Effects of Eddy Current within Particles on the 3D Solenoid Microfluidic Detection Chip

2013 ◽  
Vol 385-386 ◽  
pp. 546-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Ming Zhang ◽  
Hong Peng Zhang ◽  
Yu Qing Sun ◽  
Hai Quan Chen ◽  
Li Guo
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Iron Particle ◽  
Induction Coil ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Information Carrier ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Metal Wear

Metal wear debris is an important component of contamination in lubrication oil, and is also an essential information carrier in hydraulic oil. Based on inductive Coulter counting principle, a microfluidic device to detect metal wear debris in oil is presented in this paper. The proposed device can make the distance between the particles in oil and the embedded induction coil very small, and hence greatly improve the sensitivity of the detection. The results indicate that eddy current within particles increase ability to detect copper particles, and decrease the sensitivity to iron particle.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Detection Sensor and Sensitivity Improvement of a Double Solenoid Coil Sensor

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laihao Ma ◽  
Zhiwei Xu ◽  
Hongpeng Zhang ◽  
Weiliang Qiao ◽  
Haiquan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Capacitance Detection ◽  
Improvement Effect

A multifunction detection sensor for hydraulic oil contaminants based on a microfluidic chip is proposed, which consists of double solenoid coils and a straight microchannel. The inductance detection model of metal particles and capacitance detection model of nonmetal particles are constructed theoretically. In order to further improve detection sensitivity, experiments of effects of silicon steel sheets on the sensitivity of detection are carried out. Experimental results show that the silicon steel sheets can significantly improve the detection sensitivity of metal particles. The inductance amplitude and signal-to-noise (SNR) of iron particles ranging from 60–130 μm and copper particles ranging from 120–180 μm can be increased by at least 7.0–2.4 and 4.5–2.0 times, respectively. We demonstrate the successful detection of 30 μm iron particles and 90 μm copper particles using double solenoid coils with silicon steel sheets. In capacitance detection experiments, the silicon steel sheets can improve the sensitivity of capacitance detection, but the improvement effect is not obvious. We demonstrate the successful detection of 140 μm water droplets and 240 μm bubbles using double solenoid coils with and without silicon steel sheets. The capacitance amplitude and SNR of detecting water droplets ranging from 140–150 μm and bubbles ranging from 240–250 μm can be increased by 37.4–21.9% and 18.5–8.0% using double solenoid coils with silicon steel sheets, respectively.

Iron Wear Particle Content Measurements in Process Liquids Using Micro Channel – Inductive Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Bo ◽  
Xing Ming Zhang ◽  
Hong Peng Zhang ◽  
En Chen Liu ◽  
Hai Quan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particle ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Micro Channel ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Important Significance ◽  
The Way

A detection chip is designed and manufactured to study the relationship between iron wear particle content in hydraulic oil and the detected variation of average inductance, which detects content of iron wear particle by means of micro channel - inductive. Through experiments, we obtained inductive values in the cases. The case is that the sizes of iron wear particle are the same, while the content of iron wear particle are different. Thus the curve between content of iron wear particle content and variation of average inductance was drawn. Experimental results show that the inductance value increases with the increase of the iron wear particle content in hydraulic oil. Experiments prove that the way is feasible for the detection of iron wear particle content in hydraulic oil. This study has an important significance for the realization of iron wear particle content detection in hydraulic oil.

scholarly journals Chromium and cobalt intoxication mimicking mitochondriopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim W. Rattay ◽  
Torsten Kluba ◽  
Ludger Schöls
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytopathy ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Metal On Metal ◽  
Metal Wear ◽  
History Of

AbstractA 53-year old male with a history of progressive visual impairment, hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy, and weight loss was referred to the rare disease center due to the suspicion of mitochondrial cytopathy. In line with mitochondrial dysfunction, lactate in CSF was increased. Genetic testing by whole-exome sequencing and mitochondrial DNA did not reveal a likely cause. The case remained unsolved until he developed pain in his right hip, where he had received total hip arthroplasty 12 years earlier. An orthopedic evaluation revealed substantial shrinkage of the head of the hip prosthesis. Due to metal-on-metal wear, debris chromium and cobalt levels in serum were massively increased and significantly improved with multisystemic impairment after exchanging the defective implant.

scholarly journals A Novel Impedance Micro-Sensor for Metal Debris Monitoring of Hydraulic Oil

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Hongpeng Zhang ◽  
Haotian Shi ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Laihao Ma ◽  
Xupeng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Steel Strips ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Hydraulic oil is the key medium for the normal operation of hydraulic machinery, which carries various wear debris. The information reflected by the wear debris can be used to predict the early failure of equipment and achieve predictive maintenance. In order to realize the real-time condition monitoring of hydraulic oil, an impedance debris sensor that can detect inductance and resistance parameters is designed and studied in this paper. The material and size of wear debris can be discriminated based on inductance-resistance detection method. Silicon steel strips and two rectangular channels are designed in the sensor. The silicon steel strips are used to enhance the magnetic field strength, and the double rectangular detection channels can make full use of the magnetic field distribution region, thereby improving the detection sensitivity and throughput of the sensor. The comparison experiment shows that the coils in series are more suitable for the monitoring of wear debris. By comparing and analyzing the direction and the presence or absence of the signal pulses, the debris sensor can detect and distinguish 46 µm iron particles and 110 µm copper particles. This impedance detection method provides a new technical support for the high-precision distinguishing measurement of metal debris. The sensor can not only be used for oil detection in the laboratory, but also can be made into portable oil detection device for machinery health monitoring.

Tourism public-private partnership (PPP) projects: an exploratory-sequential approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Ghanem ◽  
Ibrahim Elshaer ◽  
Samar Saad
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to address the absence of a thorough understanding of commitment in tourism public-private partnerships (PPP) by exploring antecedents of PPP commitment and their underpinning relationships in regard to the destination management system (DMS). Design/methodology/approach An empirical investigation of the case of the Egyptian DMS, a PPP which was forsaken by the government partner and which subsequently failed. Qualitative and quantitative approaches are used for a comprehensive overview of the researched phenomena pertaining to external and internal stakeholders. Findings The results indicated that stakeholder management, relational capital, perceived benefits and stakeholder capabilities could influence intentions to commit to a tourism PPP project. Also, the latter three factors were found to mediate the relationship between stakeholder management and long-term PPP commitment. The results also shed light on the important aspects of non-contractual, interpersonal relationships between internal and external PPP stakeholders. Originality/value This research pioneers inquiries on the commitment of Tourism PPP/DMS projects and its possible drivers in a non-Western context. Also, this study contributes to knowledge by exploring the relationship within and between internal (partners) and external (e.g. local service providers) stakeholder groups and provided evidence on the crucial role of both on long-term PPP commitment and success. The current study has a few significant contributions to the PPP literature regarding the commitment and success of PPP in the complicated environments in which tourism PPP projects are operated. Moreover, this study offers essential information and practices for improving partner relationships with external stakeholders.

scholarly journals A simple method of suspending implant wear particles for more physiological modelling of cell-particle interactions in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Poon
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Implant Wear

AbstractArthroplasty implants e.g. hip, knee, spinal disc sustain relatively high compressive loading and friction wear, which lead to the formation of wear particles or debris between articulating surfaces. Despite advances in orthopaedic materials and surface treatments, the production of wear debris from any part of a joint arthroplasty implant is currently unavoidable. Implant wear debris induces host immune responses and inflammation, which causes patient pain and ultimately implant failure through progressive inflammation-mediated osteolysis and implant loosening, where the severity and rate of periprosthetic osteolysis depends on the material and physicochemical characteristics of the wear particles. Evaluating the cytotoxicity of implant wear particles is important for regulatory approved clinical application of arthroplasty implants, as is the study of cell-particle response pathways. However, the wear particles of polymeric materials commonly used for arthroplasty implants tend to float when placed in culture media, which limits their contact with cell cultures. This study reports a simple means of suspending wear particles in liquid medium using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) to provide a more realistic proxy of the interaction between cells and tissues to wear particles in vivo, which are free-floating in synovial fluid within the joint cavity. Low concentrations of NaCMC dissolved in culture medium were found to be effective for suspending polymeric wear particles. Such suspensions may be used as more physiologically-relevant means for testing cellular responses to implant wear debris, as well as studying the combinative effects of shear and wear particle abrasion on cells in a dynamic culture environments such as perfused tissue-on-chip devices.

International Law Concentrate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Bantekas ◽  
Efthymios Papastavridis
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International System ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Peaceful Settlement ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
The Law ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domestic Law

Each Concentrate revision guide is packed with essential information, key cases, revision tips, exam Q&As, and more. Concentrates show you what to expect in a law exam, what examiners are looking for, and how to achieve extra marks. International Law Concentrate provides a comprehensive overview of international law and includes key information, key cases, revision tips, and exam questions and answers. Topics covered include the nature of international law and the international system, sources of international law, and the law of treaties. The book also looks at the relationship between international and domestic law. It considers personality, statehood, and recognition, as well as sovereignty, jurisdiction, immunity, and the law of the sea. The book describes state responsibility and looks at peaceful settlement of disputes. Finally, it looks at the use of force and human rights.

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