Feasibility Study of the Effectiveness of Cryogenically Treated Ceramic Inserts for Pocket Milling Maneuvers

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin L. Milner ◽  
Jeffrey A. Beers ◽  
John T. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Cutting Speeds

Machining is a popular and versatile manufacturing process that is widely used in today’s industry when producing metallic parts; however, limited tool life can make this an expensive and time consuming fabrication technique. Consequently, methods that decrease the rate of tool wear and, thus, increase tool longevity are a vital component when improving the efficiency of machining processes. To this end, cryogenically treating cutting tools (especially high-speed steel tooling) is becoming more commonplace since research has shown that the treated tooling exhibits significantly higher wear resistance. At this point, however, the effect of cryogenic treatments on ceramic tooling has not been established. Considering this, the research herein presents a feasibility study on the effectiveness of using cryogenic treatments to enhance the wear resistance of WG-300 whisker-reinforced ceramic cutting inserts. To begin, the effect of the cryogenic treatment on the insert’s hardness is examined. Subsequently, tool wear tests are conducted at various cutting speeds. Through this study, it is shown that cryogenically treating the ceramic inserts decreases the rate of tool wear at each of the cutting speeds that were tested. However, the degree of wear resistance introduced by cryogenically treating the inserts proved to be highly dependent on the cutting speed, with slower speeds exhibiting greater improvements. Thus, based on this initial study, the cryogenic treatment of ceramic tooling appears to produce beneficial results, potentially increasing the overall efficiency of machining processes.

scholarly journals An experimental investigation of the effects of point angle on the high-speed steel drills performance in drilling

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zülküf Demir
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Cutting Speeds

The differences in the cutting speed are a serious problem along the cutting edge of the drill, in drilling operations. This problem can partly be solved reducing the length of the cutting edge via changing the drill point angle. In addition, in this study, the effect of point angle, feed rate, and cutting speed on drilling is investigated. For identifying the optimum cutting parameters, AISI 1050 steel alloy was selected as the experimental specimen, these specimen were pre-drilled 5 mm in diameter due to eliminating the effect of the chisel edge. In the experiments, the holes were drilled only at a depth of 10 mm in order not to give any harm to the dynamometer while measuring thrust force. For this aim, in drilling process, drills with point angle of 100°, 118°, 136°, 154°, and 172° were selected. In conclusion, the thrust force, the tool wear, and the surface roughness linearly decreased with increasing point angles due to less removal chip area, in per revolve of the tool. However, the thrust force, the tool wear, and the surface roughness were adversely affected at higher feed rates and lower cutting speeds. The hole dimensional accuracy decreased at lower feed rates and cutting speeds but at higher point angles and concurrently at higher feed rates but lower point angles and cutting speeds. However, the hole dimensional accuracy showed more decisiveness at 118° than other point angles, while the highest dimensional accuracy values recorded at 136° point angle, at higher cutting speeds.

scholarly journals Cutting performance of deep cryogenic treated and nitrided HSS cutting tool inserts

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Sanja Šolić ◽  
Zdravko Schauperl ◽  
Vlado Tropša
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Cutting Performance ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment

High speed steel (HSS) is a very important industrial tool material and has been constantly improved for different wear resistance applications and cutting tools, i.e. drills, milling cutters, hobs and for the cutting tools in which the economical cutting speed is too low for choosing the carbide tools. The properties of HSS depend significantly on the parameters of the conducted heat treatment. In this paper, the influence of deep cryogenic treatment in combination with nitriding of metallurgical powder metallurgy HSS on the wear resistance was measured. Additionally, the cutting performance in a single point cutting tool machinability test at the configuration of the dry low-speed turning of steel was investigated. The results showed that deep cryogenic treatment itself, and in combination with nitriding, resulted in the reduction of the wear rate. The results of the single point cutting tool machinability test showed that deep cryogenic treated and nitrided HSS inserts performed worse than the classically heat-treated inserts and deep cryogenic treated HSS inserts exhibited approximately the same flank wear as the nitrided ones.

CRUCIBLE CPM REX 121

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Red Hardness ◽  
Cutting Speeds

Abstract CPM Rex 121 is a super high-speed steel with significantly higher wear resistance and red hardness than other high-speed steels. It is best suited for applications requiring high cutting speeds. It may provide an alternative to carbide where carbide cutting edges are too fragile. The annealed hardness is approximately 350-400 HB, and maximum hardness is approximately 72 HRC. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and wear resistance as well as heat treating and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-591. Producer or source: Crucible.

Performance of a Matrix Type High Speed Steel after Deep Cryogenic and Low Tempering Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1423-1429
Author(s):  
Kaweewat Worasaen ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Karuna Tuchinda ◽  
Piyada Suwanpinij
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Matrix Type ◽  
Bcc Structure

A matrix type high speed steel YXR3 designed for a combination of wear resistance and toughness is investigated for its mechanical properties after hardening by deep cryogenic treatment follow by tempering. The deep cryogenic quenching carried out at -200 °C for 36 hours and the single step tempering results in an obvious improvement in wear resistance while balancing the toughness, comparing with the conventional quenching followed by a double tempering treatment. The quantitative image analysis reveals little difference in the MC carbide size distribution between tempering at different temperatures. The synchrotron high energy XRD confirms the MC type carbide with some evolution in its orientation together with tempered martensite approaching the BCC structure at higher temperatures. In contrary to the conventional quenching and tempering, the lowest tempering temperature at 200 °C yields a moderate drop in hardness with increase in surface toughness proportionally while exhibiting exceptional wear resistance. Such thermal cycle can be recommended for the industry both for the practicality and improved tool life.

High Speed Machining: A Review from a Viewpoint of Chip Formation

2011 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 578-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Obikawa ◽  
Masahiro Anzai ◽  
Tsuneo Egawa ◽  
Norihiko Narutaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Shintani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Life Span ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Strong Nonlinearity ◽  
High Speed Machining ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Sliding Test ◽  
Cutting Experiments ◽  
Cutting Speeds

This paper describes strong nonlinearity in log V-log L relationship, which is often found in machining of supperalloys, titanium alloys, hardened steels, cast irons, etc. The nonlinearity plays an important and favorable role in extension of life-span cutting distance at higher cutting speeds; that is, in a certain range of cutting speed, life-span cutting distance increases with cutting speed. Results of tool wear in a sliding test and cutting experiments, which showed the evidences of strong nonlinearity, were investigated and the mechanisms causing the nonlinearity were discussed.

STUDY OF THE RESISTANCE OF TAPERS WHEN APPLYING METAL-CLADDING LUBRICANT-COOLING FLUIDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
IVAN Yu. IGNATKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Relative Wear ◽  
Relative Wear Resistance ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Rotary Speed

The paper discusses the results of comparative tests of the period of tap resistance in various technological environments. The workpieces were processed in the medium of industrial oil I-30 with using a 10 and 20 percent solution of the metal-coating additive “Valena SV” in the same oil. The tests were performed on M10×1 taps made of high-speed steel of the R6M5 brand during the production of through threaded holes in samples made of steel of the Steel 40X brand. The cutting speed varied from 5.7 to 11.1 m/min at the rotary speed of the tool ranging between 180 and 355 rpm. Based on the experimental material, a regression model of the relationship between the relative wear resistance and the additive concentration, and cutting speed has been determined. The author has evaluated the model adequacy and the convergence of the experimental and calculated data. It has been found that at a cutting speed of 11.1 m/min and an additive concentration of 20%, the relative wear resistance of the taps increased by 3.1 times. The results obtained testify to the eff ectiveness of the composition and confi rm the hypothesis of an increase in the wear resistance of the taps in the medium of metal-plating lubricating-and-cooling liquids.

Experiments on High-Speed and Dry Cutting with PCBN Tool

2010 ◽  
Vol 431-432 ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Hai Dong Yang ◽  
Zhen Hua Qing ◽  
Feng Xie ◽  
Chong Gao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Dry Cutting ◽  
Pcbn Tool ◽  
Workpiece Temperature ◽  
Hardened Alloy ◽  
Cutting Speeds

This paper deals with the High-speed Hard and Dry Cutting mechanism of hardened alloy-steel with PCBN tool: the cutting speed and workpieces temperature and tool wear are being discussed in different cutting speeds when cutting alloy-steel 42CrMo. After the workpiece temperature measured by ThermaVision, it is proved that the workpiece temperature was not high and changed little. Through the SEM and EDS analyses for chip and tool wear, it is proved that PCBN tool is suitable for High-speed Hard and Dry Cutting. It is suitable for PCBN tool to cut hardened alloy-steel 42CrMo instead of grinding.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF EFFECT OF CRYO-TREATMENT ON MICROMILLING OF INCONEL 718

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050001
Author(s):  
PADMAJA TRIPATHY ◽  
KALIPADA MAITY
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
End Mill ◽  
Micro End Mill

In this paper, the effect of cutting parameters during micromilling on surface finish and material removal rate is presented. Inconel 718 alloy and high-speed steel micro end mill are used as work material and cutting tool, respectively. High-speed steel end mill of 1 mm diameter is subjected to cryogenic treatment. Machining studies are performed on Inconel alloy using untreated and cryogenic treated cutters. The milling tests are conducted at three different values of feed rate, cutting speed and depth of cut. Also, tool wear, microstructure and microhardness of different treated and untreated end mill are investigated and discussed in detail. The results showed that cryogenic treatment significantly improved the tool wear. The surface finish produced on machining the work-piece is better with the cryogenic treated tools than when compared with the untreated tools. The material removal rate is better with the cryogenic treated tools than when compared with the untreated tools. Improvement in tool life was up to 53.16% for Inconel 718 material when machined with cryogenically treated micro end mill.

Optimization of Parameter for HSS Tool Wear by Using Taguchi Method and Finite Element Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
M.R. Ibrahim ◽  
A.R. Abd. Kadir ◽  
M.S. Omar ◽  
S. Sulaiman ◽  
M.H. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Coated Surface

This paper presents the combination between the simulation analysis of FEM (DFORM 3D) and Taguchi method approach. The Taguchi method was used to find the optimize parameter design contribute to Flank wear. The parameters were evaluated are coated surface treatment, cutting speed and feed rate. The Usuis model carried out to measure the flank wear size. Furthermore, ANOVA analysis was used out to identify the influence factors contribute to tool wear in the signal to noise ratio. The experiments were conducted on AL6061 by using High Speed Steel Tool (HSS) in face milling cutting. It shown that, the coated surface treatment is the most significant parameter which can reduce the tool wear value.

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