Probabilistic Seismic Response of Coupled Tank-Piping Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Abbiati ◽  
Oreste S. Bursi ◽  
Luca Caracoglia ◽  
Rocco Di Filippo ◽  
Vincenzo La Salandra
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Stochastic Linearization ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering

Dynamic analysis is an integral part of seismic risk assessment of industrial plants. Such analysis often neglects proper coupling between structures of coupled systems, which introduces uncertainty into the system and may lead to erroneous results, e.g., incorrect fragility curves, in comparison with the actual behavior of the analyzed structure. Hence, it is important to study the effect of uncertainties on the dynamic characteristics of a system, when coupling effects are both neglected and included. Along this line, this paper intends to define and compare the fragility curves of both an isolated (decoupled) and a coupled tank-piping system subjected to seismic loading. In particular, for the decoupled case, we estimated the probability of exceedance of main engineering demand parameters within the Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) framework. Moreover, for the coupled case, to take into account the presence of the tank as boundary condition for the piping system, two sources of uncertainty were considered: i) the tank aspect ratio; ii) the piping-to-tank attachment height ratio. In addition, to model the tank slippage, both a Filtered White Noise (FWN) characterized by a Kanai-Tajimi spectrum and the non-stationarity of the seismic input were taken into account by means of the stochastic linearization. All these elements allow for the estimation of fragility curves for different limit states in the coupled case.

Dynamic Response of Coupled Tanks and Piping Systems Under Seismic Loading

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oreste S. Bursi ◽  
Giuseppe Abbiati ◽  
Luca Caracoglia ◽  
Vincenzo La Salandra ◽  
Rocco Di Filippo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Seismic Loading ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Axial Loads ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Uncertain Boundary

Dynamic analysis is an integral part of seismic risk assessment of industrial plants. Such analysis often neglects actual boundary conditions or proper coupling between structures of coupled systems, which introduces uncertainty into the system and may lead to erroneous results, e.g., an incorrect fragility curve, in comparison with the actual behaviour of the analyzed structure. Hence, it is important to study the effect of uncertainties on the dynamic characteristics of a system, when coupling effects are neglected. Along this line, this paper investigates the effects of uncertain boundary conditions on the dynamic response of coupled tank-piping systems subjected to seismic loading. In particular, to take into account the presence of the tank as boundary condition for the piping system, two sources of uncertainty were considered: the tank aspect ratio and the piping-to-tank attachment height ratio. Moreover, to model the seismic input, a Filtered White Noise (FWN) characterized by a Kanai-Tajimi spectrum was used. Finally, to study the dynamic interaction of a set of coupled tank-piping systems, the non-intrusive stochastic collocation (SC) technique was applied. It allowed for calculating surface responses of stresses and axial loads of a pair of components of the coupled system with a reduced number of deterministic numerical simulations.

Risk-Based Seismic Performance Assessment of Pressurized Piping Systems Considering Ratcheting

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ravi Kiran ◽  
G. R. Reddy ◽  
M. K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Piping Systems

Abstract A procedure is described for risk-based seismic performance assessment of pressurized piping systems considering ratcheting. The procedure is demonstrated on a carbon steel piping system considered for OECD-NEA benchmark exercise on quantification of seismic margins. Initially, fragility analysis of the piping system is carried out by considering variability in damping and frequency. Variation in damping is obtained from the statistical analysis of the damping values observed in earlier experiments on piping systems and components. The variation in ground motion is considered by using 20 strong motion records of the intraplate region. Floor motion of a typical reactor building of a nuclear power plant under these actual earthquake records is evaluated and applied to the piping system. The performance evaluation of the piping system in terms of ratcheting is carried out using a numerical approach, which was earlier validated with shake table ratcheting tests on piping components and systems. Three limit states representing performance levels of the piping system under seismic load are considered for fragility evaluation. For each limit state, probability of exceedance at different levels of floor motion is evaluated to generate a fragility curve. Subsequently, the fragility curves of the piping systems are convoluted with hazardous curves for a typical site to obtain the risk in terms of annual probability of occurrence of the performance limits.

Performance-Based Analysis of Coupled Support Structures and Piping Systems Subject to Seismic Loading

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oreste S. Bursi ◽  
Fabrizio Paolacci ◽  
Md Shahin Reza
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Allowable Stress Design

The prevailing lack of proper and uniform seismic design guidelines for piping systems impels designers to follow standards conceived for other structures, such as buildings. The modern performance-based design approach is yet to be widely adopted for piping systems, while the allowable stress design method is still the customary practice. This paper presents a performance-based seismic analysis of petrochemical piping systems coupled with support structures through a case study. We start with a concept of performance-based analysis, followed by establishing a link between limit states and earthquake levels, exemplifying Eurocode and Italian prescriptions. A brief critical review on seismic design criteria of piping, including interactions between piping and support, is offered thereafter. Finally, to illustrate actual applications of the performance-based analysis, non-linear analyses on a realistic petrochemical piping system is performed to assess its seismic performance.

A Test and Analysis of the Multiple Support Piping Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Chiba ◽  
R. Koyanagi ◽  
N. Ogawa ◽  
C. Minowa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Multiple Response ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Multiple Support

One of the current topics in the seismic design of piping systems is the overall reliability of them in earthquake events. Actual piping systems are generally supported by independent structures such as vessels and steel structures. So, it is very important to clarify the behavior of actual piping systems during the seismic events. For this purpose, the analytical method of multiple excitation problems is a preferable approach to not only evaluate the actual behavior of the piping systems, but also improve the reliability of piping systems. To clarify the dynamic characteristics of the piping systems and to assess the computational methods in the linear system subjected to multiple support excitations, an experimental study using a realistic large-scale piping model has been conducted. The equations for the multiple excitation problem have been validated and the adequacy of the multiple response spectra method has been confirmed by the comparison of the test results with the analytical one. This paper reports the results focusing on the analytical methods of the multiple support piping system. It is noted that the multiple response spectrum method is efficient for the multiple excitation problems.

Recent Developments in the Seismic Analysis of Multiply Supported Piping Systems

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Modal Damping ◽  
Peak Broadening ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Recent Developments

This paper presents results from some of the recent studies on seismic analysis of multiply supported piping systems. The seismic responses for an actual feedwater piping system as evaluated from the conventional uncoupled analysis are compared with those obtained from an analysis of the coupled building-piping system. A discussion is also presented on the significance of non-classical damping in such analyses. It is illustrated that the composite modal damping is just another form of classical damping. Consideration of composite modal damping in a coupled analysis can give inaccurate piping responses when the modes of uncoupled systems are nearly tuned. In such systems, the effect of nonclassical damping is quite significant. Since the floor spectra are neither generated nor required in a coupled systems analysis, methods like peak broadening or peak shifting cannot be used directly to account for the effect of uncertainties. Formulations are presented to evaluate the design response from a coupled system analysis by considering the effect of uncertainties in modal properties of uncoupled systems.

scholarly journals Incremental Explosive Analysis and Its Application to Performance-Based Assessment of Stiffened and Unstiffened Cylindrical Shells Subjected to Underwater Explosion

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Masoud Biglarkhani ◽  
Keyvan Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Underwater Explosion ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Buckling Modes ◽  
Damage Probability ◽  
Performance Based Assessment

Incremental explosive analysis (IEA) is addressed as an applicable method for performance-based assessment of stiffened and unstiffened cylindrical shells subjected to underwater explosion (UNDEX) loading. In fact, this method is inspired by the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) which is a known parametric analysis method in the field of earthquake engineering. This paper aims to introduce the application of IEA approach in UNDEX in order to estimate different limit states and deterministic assessment of cylindrical shells, considering the uncertainty of loading conditions. The local, bay, and general buckling modes are defined as limit states for performance calculation. Different standoff distances and depth parameters combining several loading conditions are considered. The explosive loading intensity is specified and scaled in several levels to force the structure through the entire range of its behavior. The results are plotted in terms of a damage measure (DM) versus selected intensity measure (IM). The statistical treatment of the obtained multi-IEA curves is performed to summarize the results in a predictive mode. Finally, the fragility curves as damage probability indicators of shells in UNDEX loading are extracted. Results show that the IEA is a promising method for performance-based assessment of cylindrical shells subjected to UNDEX loading.

scholarly journals Performance Criteria for Liquid Storage Tanks and Piping Systems Subjected to Seismic Loading

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vathi ◽  
Spyros A. Karamanos ◽  
Ioannis A. Kapogiannis ◽  
Konstantinos V. Spiliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Piping Systems

In this paper, performance criteria for the seismic design of industrial liquid storage tanks and piping systems are proposed, aimed at introducing those industrial components into a performance-based design (PBD) framework. Considering “loss of containment” as the ultimate damage state, the proposed limit states are quantified in terms of local quantities obtained from a simple and efficient earthquake analysis. Liquid storage tanks and the corresponding principal failure modes (elephant's foot buckling, roof damage, base plate failure, anchorage failure, and nozzle damage) are examined first. Subsequently, limit states for piping systems are presented in terms of local strain at specific piping components (elbows, Tees, and nozzles) against ultimate strain capacity (tensile and compressive) and low-cycle fatigue. Modeling issues for liquid storage tanks and piping systems are also discussed, compared successfully with available experimental data, and simple and efficient analysis tools are proposed, toward reliable estimates of local strain demand. Using the above reliable numerical models, the proposed damage states are examined in two case studies: (a) a liquid storage tank and (b) a piping system, both located in areas of high seismicity.

scholarly journals Characterization of local and global capacity criteria for collapse assessment of code-conforming RC buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo D’Angela ◽  
Gennaro Magliulo ◽  
Francesca Celano ◽  
Edoardo Cosenza
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Eurocode 8 ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Rc Frame Buildings ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Collapse Assessment ◽  
Global Capacity

AbstractThe paper investigates both local and global capacity criteria for collapse assessment of RC frame buildings. Both literature and regulations criteria are considered, also including the formulation recommended in the draft of the new Eurocode 8 (part 3) and other collapse criteria never investigated. The case studies consist of low-rise bare and infilled frame buildings, which are designed according to the Italian code provisions considering low-to-high seismicity sites in Italy. The seismic demand is estimated by performing multiple-stripe analysis based on inelastic modeling, also including the presence of the infills. The capacity assessment and the performance evaluation associated with the (building) collapse are carried out according to the latest approaches and methodologies of performance-based earthquake engineering. The investigated capacity criteria are characterized as a result of the collapse assessment in terms of (a) collapse demand to capacity ratios, (b) collapse fragility curves, (c) collapse margin ratios and probabilities, and (d) inter-capacity margin ratios. The findings provide novel information and technical insights into the influence of the collapse capacity criteria selection on the collapse features of the investigated buildings. In particular, the capacity criteria are quantitatively correlated to the building collapse performance, also outlining safety and economic considerations.

Shaking Table Tests of a Piping System With Viscoelastic Dampers Subjected to Severe Earthquake Motions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kostarev ◽  
Ichiro Tamura ◽  
Masashi Kuramasu ◽  
Frank Barutzki ◽  
Petr Vasilev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Viscoelastic Dampers ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Large Earthquakes ◽  
Very High

In Shimane Nuclear Power Plant of the Chugoku Electric Power Co. located in the West Japan area, a number of safety improvements are planned to be implemented aiming at achieving the highest world level in nuclear safety. One of the new safety approaches for seismic protection of NPPs is the application of viscoelastic dampers for safety related piping, systems and components. This technology is widely spread in nuclear power since 80s of the last century, [1 and 2]. In order to investigate and check the actual behavior of viscoelastic dampers installed at piping systems and subjected to severe earthquake motions, a shaking table test with full-scale piping and viscoelastic dampers was carried out. The shaking table test was performed for two general conditions. One is without aseismic devices and the other one is with viscoelastic dampers. It was confirmed by comparing the test results of the above mentioned two conditions that viscoelastic dampers provide to piping systems very high overall damping and protect piping systems even against large earthquakes.

SEISMIC RISK AND RESILIENCE ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES: CASE STUDY ON A BLACK CARBON PLANT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Karagiannakis
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Plant Equipment

This paper deals with state of the art risk and resilience calculations for industrial plants. Resilience is a top priority issue on the agenda of societies due to climate change and the all-time demand for human life safety and financial robustness. Industrial plants are highly complex systems containing a considerable number of equipment such as steel storage tanks, pipe rack-piping systems, and other installations. Loss Of Containment (LOC) scenarios triggered by past earthquakes due to failure on critical components were followed by severe repercussions on the community, long recovery times and great economic losses. Hence, facility planners and emergency managers should be aware of possible seismic damages and should have already established recovery plans to maximize the resilience and minimize the losses. Seismic risk assessment is the first step of resilience calculations, as it establishes possible damage scenarios. In order to have an accurate risk analysis, the plant equipment vulnerability must be assessed; this is made feasible either from fragility databases in the literature that refer to customized equipment or through numerical calculations. Two different approaches to fragility assessment will be discussed in this paper: (i) code-based Fragility Curves (FCs); and (ii) fragility curves based on numerical models. A carbon black process plant is used as a case study in order to display the influence of various fragility curve realizations taking their effects on risk and resilience calculations into account. Additionally, a new way of representing the total resilience of industrial installations is proposed. More precisely, all possible scenarios will be endowed with their weighted recovery curves (according to their probability of occurrence) and summed together. The result is a concise graph that can help stakeholders to identify critical plant equipment and make decisions on seismic mitigation strategies for plant safety and efficiency. Finally, possible mitigation strategies, like structural health monitoring and metamaterial-based seismic shields are addressed, in order to show how future developments may enhance plant resilience. The work presented hereafter represents a highly condensed application of the research done during the XP-RESILIENCE project, while more detailed information is available on the project website https://r.unitn.it/en/dicam/xp-resilience.

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