Accurate Thickness Inversion of Corrosion Using A1 Lamb Wave

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Lin ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Forward Modeling ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Velocity Inversion ◽  
Wave Tomography

Abstract Corrosion is one of the most critical issues in the oil and gas industry, leading to severe environmental and economic problems. Due to the high cost and serious safety risk of corrosion, it is essential to improve current corrosion testing techniques to detect corrosion damages at an early stage. Guided wave tomography (GWT) demonstrates its great potential to inspect and quantify the corrosion damage. GWT is capable of determining the residual life of corrosion structures by quantifying the remaining wall thickness. In this paper, an accurate guided wave tomography technique incorporating full waveform inversion (FWI) and higher-order Lamb waves (A1 mode) is presented for plate-like structures, which is able to get high-resolution reconstruction results. The technique consists of three steps: forward modeling, velocity inversion and thickness reconstruction. The forward modeling is computed by solving the elastic full-wave equations in 2-D time domain by using the finite difference method. High-resolution phase velocity inversion can then be obtained by minimizing the waveform misfit function between simulated and recorded data using a second order optimization method, which updates the velocity model from low to high frequencies iteratively. Finally, the velocity variations can be transformed into depth profiles by using the dispersive characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves; therefore, the thickness reconstruction can be obtained. The numerical simulations are performed on an aluminum plate with a complicated corrosion defect. By comparing the thickness reconstruction maps using both A1 and A0 modes, the results demonstrate that FWI with A1 mode can achieve significantly better resolution of corrosion imaging than that with A0 mode.

Tracerco Discovery: the world's first subsea computed tomography (CT) scanner for non-intrusive pipeline inspection

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Lee Robins
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wall Loss

Tracerco Discovery is the world’s first subsea CT scanner, providing high-resolution wall integrity data plus detection of hydrates and other deposits for flow assurance purposes. It is deployed as a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the inspection is carried out from the outside of the pipeline. It is the only non-invasive technology capable of inspecting unpiggable coated pipelines and there is no need to remove and replace the pipe’s protective coating. Unpiggable pipelines, especially coated ones, have proven extremely difficult (and in most cases impossible) to inspect for integrity and wall loss issues. An externally deployed tool to do this is needed by the global pipeline industry. Gas hydrates and other pipeline deposits pose a large challenge for the oil and gas industry as they can form restrictions that can result in costly shutdowns and serious safety threats. It is, therefore, important to be able to locate such restrictions subsea with high accuracy to allow safe and efficient remediation operations. Discovery benefits: Production can continue and normal operations are not affected. A high-resolution tomographic image of wall thickness and pipe contents at each scanning location is provided to 2 mm resolution. Coating does not need to be removed. Suitable for gas, liquid, or multiphase flow. Suitable for rigid and flexible lines. Pipe-in-Pipe lines and pipe-bundles can be inspected to measure the wall thickness of outer and inner pipes. The presentation of this extended abstract covers the background of the development work, gives a description of the technology, and shows recent results.

Monitoring of Methane Emissions in Oil and Gas from Space: Matching Needs with Satellite System Capability, and Advantages of High Resolution Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The World

Abstract Satellites are a powerful tool in monitoring methane emissions around the world. In the last five years, many new systems have been both announced and deployed, each with different capabilities and designed for a specific purpose. With an increase in options also comes confusion as to how these systems can and should be used, especially in meeting the needs of the oil and gas industry. This paper will examine the different satellite systems available and explain what information they are best suited to provide. The performance parameters of several current and future satellite systems will be presented and supported with recent examples when available. For example, the importance of factors like frequency of revisit, detection threshold, and spatial resolution will be discussed and contrasted with the needs of the oil and gas industry in gaining a more complete understanding of its methane emissions and enabling action to mitigate them. Results from GHGSat's second generation of high-resolution satellites displaying measurements of methane plumes at oil and gas facilities around the world will be presented to demonstrate some of the advantages of the technology. These two satellites, GHGSat-C1 and C2 (Iris and Hugo), were launched in September 2020 and January 2021 respectively and have started delivering a tenfold improvement in performance after incorporating the lessons learned from their predecessor, GHGSat's demonstration satellite Claire. Finally, the ability of these systems to work together and complement each other's capabilities to provide actionable insight to the oil and gas industry will be discussed.

High-resolution guided wave tomography

Wave Motion ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Huthwaite ◽  
Francesco Simonetti
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Wave Tomography

High resolution guided wave tomography

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Huthwaite ◽  
R. Ribichini ◽  
F. Simonetti ◽  
P. Cawley ◽  
M. J. S. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Wave Tomography

Development and study of corrosion inhibitors based on tall oil

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
L. V. Taranova ◽  
A. M. Glazunov ◽  
E. O. Zemlyanskiy ◽  
A. G. Mozyrev
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Tall Oil ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Alcohol Solvents ◽  
Equipment And Pipelines

One of the serious troubles faced by the oil and gas industry is corrosion wear of equipment and pipelines. The major part of failures of the oilfield equipment and pipelines is the result of corrosion damage, so protection of equipment from corrosion is one of the most urgent scientific and technical issues. One of the most common ways to control corrosion is inhibitor protection. The paper presents the results of studies of corrosion inhibitors synthesized on the basis of polyethylene polyamines and three varieties of light tall oil in the presence of alcohol solvents using the stillage residue of butyl alcohols rectification. The optimal parameters of synthesis and the ratio of basic raw reactants and solvents have been determined. The inhibitory properties of the synthesized samples were evaluated by changes in the rate of corrosion and the value of their protective efficiency. It has been shown that the best of the synthesized samples is not inferior to the industrial reactant Sonkor 9601 in terms of the protective effectiveness, and in the area of low concentrations (up to 40 g/t) exceeds the basic inhibitor.

scholarly journals High-resolution thickness maps of corrosion using SH1 guided wave tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 477 (2245) ◽  
pp. 20200380
Author(s):  
Andreas A. E. Zimmermann ◽  
Peter Huthwaite ◽  
Brian Pavlakovic
Keyword(s):  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
First Order ◽  
Wave Tomography ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Shear Horizontal

Quantifying corrosion damage is vital for the petrochemical industry, and guided wave tomography can provide thickness maps of such regions by transmitting guided waves through these areas and capturing the scattering information using arrays. The dispersive nature of the guided waves enables a reconstruction of wave velocity to be converted into thickness. However, existing approaches have been shown to be limited in in-plane resolution, significantly short of that required to accurately image a defect target of three times the wall thickness (i.e. 3 T) in each in-plane direction. This is largely due to the long wavelengths of the fundamental modes commonly used, being around 4 T for both A0 and S0 at the typical operation points. In this work, the suitability of the first-order shear-horizontal guided wave mode, SH1, has been investigated to improve the resolution limit. The wavelength at the desired operating point is significantly shorter, enabling an improvement in resolution of around 2.4 times. This is first verified by realistic finite-element simulations and then validated by experimental results, confirming the improved resolution limit can now allow defects of maximum extent 3T-by-3T to be reliably detected and sized, i.e. a long-pursued goal of guided wave tomography has been achieved.

scholarly journals Experimental validation of transient spectral finite element simulation tools dedicated to guided wave based structural health monitoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Olivier Mesnil ◽  
Arnaud Recoquillay ◽  
Tom Druet ◽  
Valentin Serey ◽  
Huu Tinh Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Finite Elements ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Spectral Finite Element

Abstract In Guided Wave Structural Health Monitoring (GW-SHM), a strong need for reliable and fast simulation tools has been expressed throughout the literature in order to optimize SHM systems or demonstrate performance. Even though guided wave simulations can be conducted with most finite elements software packages, computational and hardware costs are always prohibitive for large simulation campaigns. A novel SHM module has been recently added to the CIVA software and relies on unassembled high order finite elements to overcome these limitations. This paper focuses on the thorough validation of CIVA for SHM to identify the limits of the models. After introducing the key elements of the CIVA SHM solution, a first validation is presented on a stainless steel pipe representative of the oil and gas industry. Second, validation is conducted on a composite panel with and without stiffener representative of some structures in the aerospace industry. Results show an excellent match between the experimental and simulated datasets, but only if the input parameters are fully determined prior to the simulations.

scholarly journals Investigation of Factors Influencing the Autoclave Tests Results of Internal Anticorrosive Polymer Coatings

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1713
Author(s):  
Mark Kovalev ◽  
Ekaterina Alekseeva ◽  
Nikita Shaposhnikov ◽  
Daniil Lyashenko ◽  
Vasiliy Tokarev
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Coating Application

Polymer coatings are one of the most common methods for protecting metal structures from corrosion damage. For example, in the oil and gas industry, polymer coatings are used to protect the inner surfaces of oilfield pipelines. Forecasting the service life of the coating is an unsolved problem. Existing test methods allow to assess the quality of coating application and compliance with the declared properties, for example, resistance at a certain temperature, but do not allow to understand the expected service life or degradation dynamics. One solution to this problem may be the development of existing methods of autoclave testing of coatings with the addition of more criteria for assessing degradation. This paper considers the methodological features of autoclave testing with rapid pressure relief. The decompression autoclave test was considered from the point of view of the principles of its conduct and evaluation of test results. The tests were carried out in environments containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. The main object of the tests was anticorrosive polymer powder coatings applied in industrial conditions. The work assessed the influence of the following factors on the test result: pressure relief time, test cycle, and coating quality. Attention was also paid to the evaluation methods; aside from the adhesion assessment, optical microscopy and the evaluation of the microhardness of coatings were used. As a result of the work carried out, it was shown that the pressure relief rate within 5 s affects the test results. An increase in micropores and a drop in the microhardness of coatings after cyclic autoclave tests were also shown. The method of assessing the degradation of coatings using microhardness also showed the convergence of the results with the traditional method of assessing adhesion. The results of the work can be used to modify the autoclave testing method and transition to resource forecasting.

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