Estimating land surface radiation balance using MODIS in northeastern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 083523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxue Yu ◽  
Tingxiang Liu ◽  
Hongyan Cai ◽  
Junmei Tang ◽  
Kun Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance

scholarly journals Assessment of the role of the Pacific Ocean in present climate changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Loginov ◽  
S. A. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Water Vapour Content ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
The Pacific

Hydrothermodynamic processes in the atmosphere–ocean system played in favour of global warming slowdown in 1998–2014 were studied in this work. On the base of remote sensing and reanalysis data, close relationships between total global and regional column water vapour, terrestrial wind speed and temperature anomalies of upper layer water in tropical Pacific region were revealed. Increase of the wind speed in tropical Pacific has been observed since 1980 (linear trend ratio is –0.017 m · s–1/year). The most significant wind speed increase was in 1992–2013 (–0.025 m · s–1/year). During this period, the following phenomena were also observed: water temperature rise in upper layers of central and east equatorial Pacific regions by 0.024 K/year and accumulation of heat in the deeper layers of western Pacific north of the equator. These tendencies contributed to decrease in evaporation from the surface of the Pacific, which exerts considerable influence on the global mean water vapour content in the atmosphere with nearly 1-year lag (correlation coefficient is 0.88). Thus, average total column water vapour had been decreasing with average rate 0.12 mm/year until 2014. Atmospheric radiation transfer model calculations showed that decrease of water vapour content in atmospheric during 2001–2014 reduced the incoming part of Earth’s surface radiation balance by 0.93 W/m², which exceeds CO2-related increase in greenhouse warming by 11 times. Such behaviour of greenhouse gases concentrations could be the reason of decrease of winter temperature in Northern hemisphere. Summer temperatures continued to grow due to decrease in cloud optical depth in 35°N–70°N latitude zone and following radiation heating of the land surface.

scholarly journals Simulation of semi-arid biomass plantations and irrigation using the WRF-NOAH model – a comparison with observations from Israel

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1761-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Branch ◽  
K. Warrach-Sagi ◽  
V. Wulfmeyer ◽  
S. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Soil Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Abstract. A 10 × 10 km irrigated biomass plantation was simulated in an arid region of Israel to simulate diurnal energy balances during the summer of 2012 (JJA). The goal is to examine daytime horizontal flux gradients between plantation and desert. Simulations were carried out within the coupled WRF-NOAH atmosphere/land surface model. MODIS land surface data was adjusted by prescribing tailored land surface and soil/plant parameters, and by adding a controllable sub-surface irrigation scheme to NOAH. Two model cases studies were compared – Impact and Control. Impact simulates the irrigated plantation. Control simulates the existing land surface, where the predominant land surface is bare desert soil. Central to the study is parameter validation against land surface observations from a desert site and from a 400 ha Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) plantation. Control was validated with desert observations, and Impact with Jojoba observations. Model evapotranspiration was validated with two Penman–Monteith estimates based on the observations. Control simulates daytime desert conditions with a maximum deviation for surface 2 m air temperatures (T2) of 0.2 °C, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) of 0.25 hPa, wind speed (U) of 0.5 m s−1, surface radiation (Rn) of 25 W m−2, soil heat flux (G) of 30 W m−2 and 5 cm soil temperatures (ST5) of 1.5 °C. Impact simulates irrigated vegetation conditions with a maximum deviation for T2 of 1–1.5 °C, VPD of 0.5 hPa, U of 0.5 m s−1, Rn of 50 W m−5, G of 40 W m−2 and ST5 of 2 °C. Latent heat curves in Impact correspond closely with Penman–Monteith estimates, and magnitudes of 160 W m−2 over the plantation are usual. Sensible heat fluxes, are around 450 W m−2 and are at least 100–110 W m−2 higher than the surrounding desert. This surplus is driven by reduced albedo and high surface resistance, and demonstrates that high evaporation rates may not occur over Jojoba if irrigation is optimized. Furthermore, increased daytime T2 over plantations highlight the need for hourly as well as daily mean statistics. Daily mean statistics alone may imply an overall cooling effect due to surplus nocturnal cooling, when in fact a daytime warming effect is observed.

scholarly journals Combining remotely sensed data using aggregation algorithms

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Average Value

Abstract. This paper describes a strategic approach for providing documentation of the surface energy exchange for heterogeneous land surfaces via the simultaneous, four-dimensional assimilation of several streams of remotely sensed data into a coupled land surface-atmosphere model. The basic concepts and underlying theory behind this proposed approach are presented with the intent that this will guide, facilitate, and stimulate future research focused on its practical implementation when appropriate data from the Earth Observing System (EOS) become available. The theoretical concepts that underlie the approach are derived from relationships between the values of parameters which control surface exchanges at pixel (or patch) scale and the area-average value of equivalent parameters applicable at larger, grid scale. A three-step implementation method is proposed which involves (a) estimating grid-average surface radiation fluxes from appropriate remotely sensed data; (b) absorbing these radiation flux estimates into a four-dimensional data assimilation model in which grid-average values of vegetation-related parameters are calculated from pertinent remotely sensed data using the equations that link pixel and grid scales; and (c) improving the resulting estimate of the surface energy balance-again using scale-linking equations by estimating the effect of soil-moisture availability, perhaps assuming that cloud-free pixels are an unbiased subsample of all the pixels in the grid square.

scholarly journals Land–atmosphere interactions in the tropics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Gentine ◽  
Adam Massmann ◽  
Benjamin R. Lintner ◽  
Sayed Hamed Alemohammad ◽  
Rong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shallow Clouds ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The continental tropics play a leading role in the terrestrial water and carbon cycles. Land–atmosphere interactions are integral in the regulation of surface energy, water and carbon fluxes across multiple spatial and temporal scales over tropical continents. We review here some of the important characteristics of tropical continental climates and how land–atmosphere interactions regulate them. Along with a wide range of climates, the tropics manifest a diverse array of land–atmosphere interactions. Broadly speaking, in tropical rainforests, light and energy are typically more limiting than precipitation and water supply for photosynthesis and evapotranspiration; whereas in savanna and semi-arid regions water is the critical regulator of surface fluxes and land–atmosphere interactions. We discuss the impact of the land surface, how it affects shallow clouds and how these clouds can feedback to the surface by modulating surface radiation. Some results from recent research suggest that shallow clouds may be especially critical to land–atmosphere interactions as these regulate the energy budget and moisture transport to the lower troposphere, which in turn affects deep convection. On the other hand, the impact of land surface conditions on deep convection appear to occur over larger, non-local, scales and might be critically affected by transitional regions between the climatologically dry and wet tropics.

scholarly journals High resolution land surface fluxes from satellite data (HOLAPS v1.0): evaluation and uncertainty assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 10783-10841
Author(s):  
A. Loew ◽  
J. Peng ◽  
M. Borsche
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Essential Components

Abstract. Surface water and energy fluxes are essential components of the Earth system. Surface latent heat fluxes provide major energy input to the atmosphere. Despite the importance of these fluxes, state-of-the-art datasets of surface energy and water fluxes largely differ. The present paper introduces a new framework for the estimation of surface energy and water fluxes at the land surface, which allows for temporally and spatially high resolved flux estimates at the global scale (HOLAPS). The framework maximizes the usage of existing long-term satellite data records and ensures internally consistent estimates of the surface radiation and water fluxes. The manuscript introduces the technical details of the developed framework and provides results of a comprehensive sensitivity and evaluation study. Overall the results indicate very good agreement with in situ observations when compared against 49 FLUXNET stations worldwide. Largest uncertainties of latent heat flux and net radiation were found to result from uncertainties in the global solar radiation flux obtained from satellite data products.

scholarly journals Net surface radiation retrieval using Earth Observation Satellite data and machine learning algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol II-8 ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Mahalakshmi ◽  
A. Paul ◽  
D. Dutta ◽  
M. M. Ali ◽  
C. S. Jha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Atmospheric Profile ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Terra Modis ◽  
Independent Parameters

We present a method to estimate net surface radiation (NSR) from Terra MODIS data using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique. For this purpose, we trained the ANN model using MODIS atmospheric profile product of air temperature, dew point temperature, solar zenith angle and land surface temperature from Terra as independent parameters and the net surface radiation from eddy flux tower measurements at Bonnie camp location of Sundarban region as the dependent variable. The NSR is estimated with a root mean square accuracy of 64 w/m<sup>2</sup> and the square of the correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) is 0.75 respectively. This technique is extended to estimate NSR over the entire Sundarban area and has a potential for climate and agricultural water management studies.

scholarly journals Frozen soil parameterization in a distributed biosphere hydrological model

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 6895-6928
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
T. Koike ◽  
K. Yang ◽  
R. Jin ◽  
H. Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Moisture Profile ◽  
Flood Peak ◽  
Radiation Fluxes ◽  
Soil Moisture Profile ◽  
The Web

Abstract. In this study, a frozen soil parameterization has been modified and incorporated into a distributed biosphere hydrological model (WEB-DHM). The WEB-DHM with the frozen scheme was then rigorously evaluated in a small cold area, the Binngou watershed, against the in-situ observations from the WATER (Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research). In the summer 2008, land surface parameters were optimized using the observed surface radiation fluxes and the soil temperature profile at the Dadongshu-Yakou (DY) station in July; and then soil hydraulic parameters were obtained by the calibration of the July soil moisture profile at the DY station and by the calibration of the discharges at the basin outlet in July and August that covers the annual largest flood peak of 2008. The calibrated WEB-DHM with the frozen scheme was then used for a yearlong simulation from 21 November 2007 to 20 November 2008, to check its performance in cold seasons. Results showed that the WEB-DHM with the frozen scheme has given much better performance than the WEB-DHM without the frozen scheme, in the simulations of soil moisture profile at the DY station and the discharges at the basin outlet in the yearlong simulation.

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