Nutritional and Physiological Status of U.S. National Figure Skaters

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Ziegler ◽  
Judith A. Nelson ◽  
Satya S. Jonnalagadda
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Figure Skaters ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Diet Records ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Biochemical Indices

This study assessed the nutrient intake, body composition and biochemical indices of National Figure Skating Championship competitors. Four-day diet records, fasting blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were obtained 2 months after the National Championships from 41 figure skaters 11-18 years of age. Energy, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fiber and cholesterol intake were significantly lower compared to the NHANES III averages for adolescents in the U.S. In general, the mean intakes for most vitamins except vitamin D and E were above the recommended intake. But the athletes had lower intakes of vitamin E and B12, and higher intakes of vitamin C, and thiamin (females only) compared with NHANES III. The mean intakes of magnesium, zinc, and iodine by the male skaters were below the recommended levels, as were the mean intakes of calcium, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc by the female skaters. Also, the number of servings from vegetable, fruit, dairy, and meat groups were below the recommended levels. Biochemical indices of nutritional status were within normal limits for all skaters. But plasma electrolyte concentrations were indicative of potential dehydration status. The results suggest there is a need to develop dietary intervention and educational programs targeted at promoting optimal nutrient and fluid intakes by these athletes to maintain performance and improve long-term health status.

PITUITARY-ADRENAL RECOVERY FOLLOWING LONG-TERM CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Roe ◽  
D. M. Mitchell ◽  
G. W. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Small Rise ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corticosteroid Drugs

ABSTRACT Adrenocortical function was assessed in 20 patients receiving long-term corticosteroid drugs for a variety of non-endocrine disorders. In all cases plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) levels were within or above normal limits 48 hours after abruptly stopping their drugs and a further marked rise occurred in 7 patients given metyrapone for 24 h. Urinary 17-OHCS excretion did not show a parallel rise. Taking the group as a whole, a small rise in the mean output occurred 48 hours after stopping therapy, and a further slightly greater rise followed metyrapone. 3 patients had a relapse of their underlying condition during the test in spite of normal plasma and urinary 17-OHCS levels.

Cerebral oxygenation, vascular reactivity, and neurochemistry following decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Long Ho ◽  
Chee Meng Wang ◽  
Kah Keow Lee ◽  
Ivan Ng ◽  
Beng Ti Ang
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Outcome Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Group 1

Object This study addresses the changes in brain oxygenation, cerebrovascular reactivity, and cerebral neurochemistry in patients following decompressive craniectomy for the control of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Sixteen consecutive patients with isolated TBI and elevated ICP, who were refractory to maximal medical therapy, underwent decompressive craniectomy over a 1-year period. Thirteen patients were male and 3 were female. The mean age of the patients was 38 years and the median Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission was 5. Results Six months following TBI, 11 patients had a poor outcome (Group 1, Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS] Score 1–3), whereas the remaining 5 patients had a favorable outcome (Group 2, GOS Score 4 or 5). Decompressive craniectomy resulted in a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in the mean ICP and cerebrovascular pressure reactivity index to autoregulatory values (< 0.3) in both groups of patients. There was a significant improvement in brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2) in Group 2 patients from 3 to 17 mm Hg and an 85% reduction in episodes of cerebral ischemia. In addition, the durations of abnormal PbtO2 and biochemical indices were significantly reduced in Group 2 patients after decompressive craniectomy, but there was no improvement in the biochemical indices in Group 1 patients despite surgery. Conclusions Decompressive craniectomy, when used appropriately in protocol-driven intensive care regimens for the treatment of recalcitrant elevated ICP, is associated with a return of abnormal metabolic parameters to normal values in patients with eventually favorable outcomes.

DETERMINANTS OF AWARENESS AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR MORINGA LEAVE AS VEGETABLE IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
T. O. OYEKALE
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Bivariate Probit Model ◽  
Recursive Bivariate Probit ◽  
South West ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Calcium Iron

Moringa oleifera is a nutritious tree plant that has several uses. Moringa leaves contain Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Calcium, Iron, Potassium, and it has good quality protein.  Moringa leave could be used in treating malnutrition. It also contains antioxidants which could help in treating certain diseases. This study examined the factors influencing awareness and willingness to pay for moringa. A multistage sampling procedure was used in selecting the respondents.  Data were analyzed using Recursive Bivariate Probit Model. The result shows that mean age of respondents was 44 years and the mean household size was 5. The result further revealed that 80.5 percent of the respondents were aware of moringa while 80.1 percent were willing to pay for moringa. The result of the model of awareness of moringa revealed that awareness increases willingness to pay for moringa (p<0.01). The factors that influences awareness were age and occupation of the respondents, knowledge of the nutritive benefits of moringa, perception of respondents that moringa vegetable is too expensive and respondents preference for other vegetable while the factors that influences willingness to pay for moringa were occupation of the respondents, knowledge of other uses of moringa, respondents perception that moringa vegetable is sweet,  non availability of fresh moringa vegetable and respondents preference for other vegetable. There is need to increase the awareness of nutritive benefits of moringa vegetable and encourage the availability of fresh moringa foe sale in the local markets.  

scholarly journals Home Therapy for Haemophilia in Norway: Effect on Transfusion Frequency and Absenteeism

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Evensen ◽  
R. Thaule ◽  
K. Grøan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Home Therapy ◽  
Factor Level ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Viii And Ix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Twenty-seven patients with haemophilia A or B (factor level of 1% or less) have so far been instructed to administrate concentrates of the deficient factor (mean dose: 14 units/kg) in case of episodic, uncomplicated bleedings without prior consultation with a physican. Twenty-five patients(21 with haemophilia A and 4 with haemophilia B) are at present included in the program. They represent 19% of all patients with severe haemophilia in Norway and range in age between 7 and 45 years. For 15 patients data from one year on home therapy have been compared with data from the preceding year. There was 77% reduction in days lost from work. The number of infusions increased 22%. Use of factor VIII and IX increased 37% because the mean dose per bleed was 27% higher than the dose previously received by the patients. Liver function tests remained within normal limits for all but 2 patients receiving factor IX concentrates. None were HBAg positive, 4 turned HBAb positive. Home therapy is practical and safe and improves the quality of life considerably.

Hearing Status in Brucellosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yildirim A. Bayazit ◽  
Mustafa Namiduru ◽  
Nurhayat Bayazit ◽  
Enver Özer ◽  
Muzaffer Kanlikama
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Speech Audiometry ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: Although brucellosis can lead to multisystem complications, involvement of the ear in brucellosis is rarely reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to assess the hearing status of patients with brucellosis. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-two patients with brucellosis were included in the study. Pure tone and speech audiometry and tympanometry were performed in the patients. RESULTS: The mean pure tone averages of the patients were within normal limits and were similar in both ears ( P > 0.05). The pure tone averages of the patients with or without anti- Brucella treatment were not significantly different ( P > 0.05) and were within the normal limits. When the hearing levels of these patients were compared at the frequencies of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz, there was no significant difference as well ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral brucellosis does not appear to be associated with hearing loss.

Nasalance Scores in Wearers of a Palatal Lift Prosthesis in Comparison with Normative Data for Japanese

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tachimura ◽  
Yasuko Kotani ◽  
Takeshi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
Normative Score ◽  
Nasal Emission ◽  
Normal Controls

Objective This study was designed to examine whether nasalance score is changed in association with placement of a palatal lift prosthesis (PLP) and whether normative data previously reported are applicable to evaluate the effect of a PLP on velopharyngeal function as it relates to nasality. Design Nasalance scores were obtained as subjects read the Kitsutsuki Passage three times with the PLP in place and then removed. Participants Forty-three children (mean age 9.0 years, SD = 3.6 years) with repaired cleft palate who were treated with a PLP were selected as subjects. Their speech was characterized by nasal emission of air, slight hypernasality without a PLP but within normal limits with a PLP in place, or both. Main Outcome Measures Comparisons were made between normative scores and the average mean nasalance score of subjects with and without the PLP. Results Average values of the mean nasalance score for subjects were 17.3% (SD 7.6%) with the PLP in place and 33.5% (SD 13.3%) without the PLP in place. These scores were greater than the mean score of 9.1% (SD 3.9%) obtained from normal controls previously reported. Conclusion A PLP can decrease nasalance scores for speakers with repaired cleft palate who exhibit velopharyngeal incompetence. It was suggested that the normative score obtained from normal adult speakers is not applicable to evaluate the effect of a PLP to improve velopharyngeal function for children wearing the PLP.

scholarly journals The relationship between fasting plasma concentrations of selected flavonoids and their ordinary dietary intake

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cao ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xiujuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Study ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Dietary Intervention Study ◽  
Flavonoid Intake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Epidemiological studies suggest that a diet high in flavonoids protects against chronic diseases such as CVD and cancer. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the intake of quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin and luteolin and their corresponding plasma concentrations, and further to explore whether these flavonoids can serve as biomarkers of their intake. Flavonoid intake and their plasma concentrations were analysed in ninety-two subjects consuming their habitual diet. Flavonoid intake was estimated with 7-d dietary records using available data on the flavonoid content of food. Plasma flavonoid concentrations were quantified by HPLC. In addition, we undertook a dietary intervention study to investigate plasma apigenin concentration after the consumption of celery leaf. The mean intake estimates of quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin and luteolin amounted to 13·58, 14·97, 12·31, 4·23 and 8·08 mg/d, respectively. The corresponding mean plasma concentrations were 80·23, 57·86, 39·94, 10·62 and 99·90 nmol/l. The mean 7 d intake of five flavonoids was positively correlated to their corresponding plasma concentrations, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0·33 to 0·51 (P < 0·05). In the dietary intervention study, the plasma apigenin concentration rose after celery leaf ingestion, and fell within 28 h to below the limit of detection (2·32 nmol/l). The present results suggest that quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, apigenin and luteolin are bioavailable from the diet. The levels of fasting plasma flavonoids seem to be suitable biomarkers of short-term intake. The combination of plasma flavonoids with their intake may prove useful when the possible health-protective effects of flavonoids are studied.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the U.S. Mothbean Collection for Seed Yield Potential in Virginia and Nutritional Composition of Freshly Harvested Seed

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-824
Author(s):  
Harbans L. Bhardwaj ◽  
Anwar A. Hamama
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Tepary Bean ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Seed Yields

Even though mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia), a drought- and heat-tolerant crop, may have potential in the eastern United States, information about its production in this region is not available. To characterize potential seed yields and preliminary nutritional quality, 54 accessions were grown near Petersburg, VA, during 2011, 2012, and 2013. The seed yields varied from 48 to 413 lb/acre. The mean concentrations of protein, calcium, iron, and zinc in mature mothbean seed were 21.9%, 0.17%, 64.8 ppm, and 37.5 ppm, respectively. These values compared well with those in mungbean (Vigna radiata) and tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius). The results demonstrated that mothbean has considerable potential as an alternative, new food legume crop in Virginia and eastern United States.

Isotope Studies in Normal and Diseased Knee Joints: 99mTc Uptake Related to Clinical Assessment and to Synovial Perfusion Measured by the 133Xe Clearance Technique

1971 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Dick ◽  
S. D. Deodhar ◽  
Carol J. Provan ◽  
G. Nuki ◽  
W. W. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
133Xe Clearance ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Clinical Indices ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
The Mean

1. Uptake of intravenously administered radioactive technetium (99mTc) was measured over the knee joints in normal human volunteers, in patients with osteoarthritis and in groups of synovectomized and unoperated patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The uptake was compared with clinical indices of inflammation (pain, tenderness swelling and stiffness), and the clearance rate of intra-articularly injected radioactive xenon (133Xe). The 99mTc uptakes were found to be unrelated to the isotope dose and the day-to-day reproducibility was acceptable. 2. The mean uptake of 99mTc was within normal limits in osteoarthritis. Both in synovectomized and in unoperated rheumatoid arthritis 99mTc uptake was significantly higher than in normal subjects. 3. Of the clinical indices studied significant correlation of 99mTc uptake was found with pain and swelling in all groups of patients studied. 4. Faster clearance of 133Xe in unoperated rheumatoid arthritis correlated well with the higher 99mTc uptakes. 5. The results confirm that 99mTc uptakes are raised in inflammatory arthritis but not in degenerative arthritis. The relation of 99mTc uptake to the clinical indices of inflammation and to the 133Xe clearance from the joint is discussed.

scholarly journals Ankle Mortise Instability in Multiple Hereditary Exostoses

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0016
Author(s):  
M Pierce Ebaugh ◽  
Greg Grenier ◽  
Satbir Singh ◽  
Oussama Abousamra ◽  
Kevin Klingele
Keyword(s):  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Ankle Arthritis ◽  
Aofas Score ◽  
Multiple Hereditary Exostoses ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Pediatric Foot ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ankle Valgus

Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis, Pediatric Foot and Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Ankle valgus has been reported in 50% of patients with multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) and, untreated, results in early arthrosis. Widening of the ankle mortise has also been reported; however, there has been a lack of data regarding its natural history and management. Alterations of mortise anatomy result in poor functional outcomes and accelerated arthrosis of the ankle. The aim of our study was to report the characteristics and outcomes of mortise widening in a group of patients with MHE. Methods: A total of 13 patients with MHE and mortise widening (16 ankles) were identified. Age, sex, BMI, laterality, origin of osteochondroma, pain, instability, clinical deformity, operative data, and complications were recorded. Mortise (M), Talocrural angle (TC), and Tibiotalar angle (TT) measurements were collected on preoperative and last follow up radiographs. The majority of patients underwent medial distal tibia hemiepiphysiodesis. Post-surgical AOFAS and SF36 scores were collected. Results: Preoperatively, no patient complained of instability, however, 9/16 ankles were painful and 14/16 were clinically in valgus. Patients underwent surgery at an age of 11.8 years (9.7-15). Radiographic and clinical follow up were 2.6 years (0.2-7.3) and 6 years (1.5-11.7), respectively. There were no significant differences between pre/postoperative M, TC, TT angles. Operative patients improved mean M (5.17 to 4.63 mm) and TT (8.71 to 4.54 degrees), neither angle reached normal values. TC (fibular length) was within normal limits (82.2 to 84.8). Questionnaires were obtained for 8/16 ankles, at a mean age of 19 years (13-25.1). The average AOFAS score was 66.7 out of 100. Patients scored 8.6/10 for alignment, 32/40 for pain, 25.6/50 for function. SF-36 scores were excellent. Conclusion: The improvement in M and TT was modest and their values remained outside the normal limits. TC angle was within normal limits but displayed an overall fibular shortening and thus, decreased lateral buttress with potential for talar shift. This was reflected in the mean functional and overall AOFAS score. However, our patients are functionally compensating as evidenced by SF36 scores. More studies are needed to optimize the management of MHE patients with ankle malalignment. Earlier valgus correction and possible addition of fibular lengthening to simultaneously address mortise widening may need to be considered to prevent early ankle arthritis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document