Gender Differences in the Psychological Response to Weight Reduction in Judoists

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Yoshioka ◽  
Takashi Umeda ◽  
Shigeyuki Nakaji ◽  
Arata Kojima ◽  
Masaru Tanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Psychological Response ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance Score

We examined gender-related differences in the psychological response to weight reduction in 43 judoists. Twenty-two males and 8 females who required weight reduction [weight reduction (WR) group] (the average percentages of weight reduction observed for males and females were 3.4% and 4.9%, respectively), and 5 males and 8 females who did not require weight reduction (non-WR group). The POMS scores were measured before and after weight reduction. The TMD (total mood disturbance) score in POMS significantly increased after weight reduction only in WR group males. In the female WR group, the anger and depression scores decreased after weight reduction, and the pre-value of the TMD score in this group was relatively high. The psychological stress may be caused by anxiety engendered by the overall concept of weight reduction before actual weight reduction in females, whereas in males it may be caused by the actual weight reduction.

scholarly journals Gender differences in physical and psychological stress responses among college judoists undergoing weight reduction

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Umeda ◽  
Shigeyuki Nakaji ◽  
Kazuo Sugawara ◽  
Yousuke Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuo Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Weight Reduction

Gender Differences in [123I]-ADAM Binding to Serotonin Transporters in Patients with Major Depression Before and After Treatment with Citalopram

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
K. Uebelhack ◽  
L. Franke ◽  
N. Herold ◽  
M. Plotkin ◽  
H. Amthauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Serotonin Transporters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Depression Disorder ◽  
Analyze Data

Aims:The aim was to determine the relation between characteristics of [123I]-ADAM binding to serotonin transporters (SERT) in several brain regions to different symptoms in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to analyze data for males and females separately. Differences of [123I]-ADAM binding in patients before and after treatment with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant Citalopram were assessed.Method:12 non medicated patients (5 females and 7 males) diagnosed with MDD were examined by SPECT with specific Serotonin transporter radioligand [123I]-ADAM before and after treatment with SSRI Citalopram. We administered the dose of 10 mg Citalopram per day intravenously at first day, followed by a 6 days period of oral application. After 7 days of treatment patients were examined for second time with SPECT. The relationships between [123I]-ADAM binding and different aspects of major depression represented by HAMD items, assessed twice by Hamilton Depression-Scale (HAMD) once at baseline and second after treatment period, were evaluated.Results:We found significant correlations with significant gender differences between singular sub items of HAMD and indices of [123I]-ADAM binding in midbrain before and after treatment. These findings points to the need of data analysis separately in males and females. No correlations between HAMD total scores at baseline and indices were found.Conclusion:SERT availability for 123-ADAM binding in the midbrain in drug naives as well as in treated patients with major depression disorder seems to be related to intensity of sub items in the HAMD and the outcome of treatment.

Relationship of Swimming Distance, Expectancy, and Performance to Mood States of Competitive Athletes

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1199-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie G. Berger ◽  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
J. Robert Grove ◽  
Brian D. Butki
Keyword(s):  
Mood States ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Distance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

This study focused on the relationship between normal and abbreviated training sessions for young competitive swimmers and acute changes in mood. Several potential moderators of the relationship between exercise and mood also were examined. 25 girls and 23 boys, swimmers between the ages of 12 and 25 years, completed a shortened version of the Profile of Mood States before and after normal-distance and taper practices. An hypothesized interaction between distance training and acute changes in scores on Total Mood Disturbance was significant. During normal-distance practices, scores on Mood Disturbance increased from pre- to postpractice. Analyses of the individual subscales indicated that swimmers' scores increased for Fatigue and decreased for Vigor. In abbreviated practice sessions, athlete's scores on Total Mood Disturbance showed no change from pre- to postpractice. The specific subscales, however, showed positive changes for Depression, Confusion, and Tension. The mood changes related to practice distance were not influenced by the possible moderating factors of expectancy or performance times. Thus, even for highly trained competitive swimmers, exercising at or near maximal physical capability is associated with few positive changes in mood scores. Shorter-distance swims that do not tax endurance are preferable, if mood enhancement is a goal.

scholarly journals Major Gender Differences in the Lipolytic Capacity of Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Cells in Obesity Observed before and after Long-Term Weight Reduction

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 764-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Löfgren ◽  
Johan Hoffstedt ◽  
Mikael Rydén ◽  
Anders Thörne ◽  
Cecilia Holm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Mood Responses to Passive and Active Motion Leg Cycling Exercise in Healthy Sedentary Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vernon Bond Jr. ◽  
Tamrat Retta ◽  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
James Dorsey ◽  
Vasavi R. Gorantla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Active Motion ◽  
Passive Motion ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance ◽  
Leg Cycling ◽  
Motion Exercise ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance Score

Previous studies suggest that passive motion exercise (PME) may be useful for overcoming exercise limitations associated with a sedentary lifestyle, orthopedic disorders, and various other debilitating conditions. Negative mood response is one of the factors that limit a person’s ability to exercise. Therefore, this study tests the hypothesis that the mood response associated with PME is not different than the mood response associated with active motion exercise (AME). Eight women and seven men participated in the study and were administrated the Profile of Mood States (POMS) during modes of PME and AME in a randomized order. Outcome of the POMS consisted of the total mood disturbance score [(feelings of tension + depression + fatigue + anger + confusion) − vigor]. ANOVA was used to determine significance of differences in total mood disturbance, oxygen uptake (V.O2), and middle cerebral blood flow velocity (MCAv) at baseline and immediately after 30-minute conditions of PME and AME. Postexercise total mood disturbance score was significantly decreased for both conditions (PME baseline 29.2 ± 5.2 vs. postexercise 16.4 ± 6.8, P<0.05) and AME baseline 22.4 ± 4.4 vs. postexercise 13.1 ± 5.2, P<0.05). These senses of changes in feelings were associated with significant physiological increases in V.O2 and MCAv during both PME and AME (P<0.05). These results demonstrate that physiological and mood responses to passive and active motion cycling exercise are not different. Future studies should determine whether passive motion cycling exercise is a useful preventive medicine strategy for overcoming various disease-related exercise limitations and counteracting the adverse effects of sedentary lifestyles.

scholarly journals The psychological trait among fitness center goers during home quarantine and its relationship to the body mass index

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ayed Zureigat ◽  
Osama Abdel Fattah ◽  
Ghazi El Kailani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fitness Center ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The Corona pandemic imposed on the countries of the world to take many strict measures to limit the spread of this virus, as home quarantine. Objective: this study aimed to identify the psychological aspects level among the fitness center goers during home quarantine and the differences in these aspects level according to the gender variable. As well as, the relationship between the psychological stress and motivation level, in addition, to the relationship between some psychological aspects and the body mass index, finally the differences in the body mass index before and after home quarantine. Design: To achieve this, the researchers used the descriptive approach on a sample consisting of (510), selected using randomly sample technique with the average age of (24±2.6) years. Because of the home quarantine and to reduce face-to-face interaction, the researchers used a questionnaire by using the Google form. The study tool consisted of (11) paragraphs associated with stress and (11) paragraphs associated with motivation. The researchers used means, standard deviations, paired and independent sample T-test by using SPSS version 24 with a confidence level of 95% (p value < 0.05). Results: The results of the study have shown that the psychological stress level among the study sample came with a high average (4.03) and moderate average (2.83) for motivation domain without any statistically significant differences according to the gender variable. As well as, a statistically significant association between the level of psychological stress and motivational in males and females with a higher percentage of body mass index (BMI) for males and females after home quarantine and a higher percentage of females. While the results of the study showed a statistically significant correlation between psychological aspects and body mass index. Conclusion: In light of these results, the urgent need to activate the role and importance of psychological self-care for individuals during home quarantine and work to find a balance between leisure time and other life activities.

Gender Differences in Clothing Worn in Current Popular Comic Books

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Landon Jossy
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comic Books ◽  
Book Industry ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females

This study looked at how males and females were portrayed, based on the amount of skin shown in the clothing worn.  A Content analysis was performed on a sample of 20 randomly selected popular comics from the last 3 years.  Both male and female characters were rated on how much skin they showed in three clothing categories; neck line, sleeve length, and lower body.  Results showed that in all 3 categories, women consistently wore more revealing clothing.  The findings demonstraetd that the comic book industry is comparable to other forms of media, in the sexualization of female characters, by having them wear more revealing clothing.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Postural Stability among 13-Year-Old Alpine Skiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka D. Jastrzębska
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Alpine Skiers

This experiment examined changes in body sway after Wingate test (WAnT) in 19 adolescents practicing alpine skiing, subjected to the same type of training load for 4–5 years (10 girls and nine boys). The postural examinations were performed with eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), and sway reverenced vision (SRV) in the medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) planes. The displacement of center of foot pressure (CoP), range of sway (RS), mean sway velocity (MV), way length, and surface area were measured in bipedal upright stance before and after the WAnT to assess the influence of fatigue on postural balance. There were no significant differences in WAnT parameters between girls and boys. Relative peak power (RPP), relative total work (RWtot) were (girls vs. boys) 8.89 ± 0.70 vs. 9.57 ± 1.22 W/kg, p < 0.05 and 227.91 ± 14.98 vs. 243.22 ± 30.24 W/kg, p < 0.05 respectively. The fatigue index (FI) was also on similar level in both genders; however, blood lactate concentration (BLa) was significantly higher in boys (10.35 ± 1.16 mM) than in girls (8.67 ± 1.35 mM) p = 0.007. In the EO examination, statistically significant differences between resting and fatigue conditions in the whole group and after the division into girls and boys were found. In fatigue conditions, significant gender differences were noted for measurements in the ML plane (sway path and RS) and RS in the AP plane. Comparison of the three conditions shows differences between EO vs. EC and SRV in AP plane measured parameters, and for RS in ML plane in rest condition in girls. The strong correlations between FI and CoP parameters mainly in ML plane in the whole group for all examination conditions were noted. By genders, mainly RS in ML plane strongly correlates with FI (r > 0.7). No correlation was found between BLa and CoP parameters (p > 0.06). The presented results indicate that subjecting adolescents of both genders to the same training may reduce gender differences in the postural balance ability at rest but not in fatigue conditions and that girls are significantly superior in postural balance in the ML plane than boys. It was also shown that too little or too much information may be destructive to postural balance in young adolescents.

scholarly journals Spinal Muscular Atrophy after Nusinersen Therapy: Improved Physiology in Pediatric Patients with No Significant Change in Urine, Serum, and Liquor 1H-NMR Metabolomes in Comparison to an Age-Matched, Healthy Cohort

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Leon Deutsch ◽  
Damjan Osredkar ◽  
Janez Plavec ◽  
Blaž Stres
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthy Cohort ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Urine Serum

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetically heterogeneous group of rare neuromuscular diseases and was until recently the most common genetic cause of death in children. The effects of 2-month nusinersen therapy on urine, serum, and liquor 1H-NMR metabolomes in SMA males and females were not explored yet, especially not in comparison to the urine 1H-NMR metabolomes of matching male and female cohorts. In this prospective, single-centered study, urine, serum, and liquor samples were collected from 25 male and female pediatric patients with SMA before and after 2 months of nusinersen therapy and urine samples from a matching healthy cohort (n = 125). Nusinersen intrathecal application was the first therapy for the treatment of SMA by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Metabolomes were analyzed using targeted metabolomics utilizing 600 MHz 1H-NMR, parametric and nonparametric multivariate statistical analyses, machine learning, and modeling. Medical assessment before and after nusinersen therapy showed significant improvements of movement, posture, and strength according to various medical tests. No significant differences were found in metabolomes before and after nusinersen therapy in urine, serum, and liquor samples using an ensemble of statistical and machine learning approaches. In comparison to a healthy cohort, 1H-NMR metabolomes of SMA patients contained a reduced number and concentration of urine metabolites and differed significantly between males and females as well. Significantly larger data scatter was observed for SMA patients in comparison to matched healthy controls. Machine learning confirmed urinary creatinine as the most significant, distinguishing SMA patients from the healthy cohort. The positive effects of nusinersen therapy clearly preceded or took place devoid of significant rearrangements in the 1H-NMR metabolomic makeup of serum, urine, and liquor. Urine creatinine was successful at distinguishing SMA patients from the matched healthy cohort, which is a simple systemic novelty linking creatinine and SMA to the physiology of inactivity and diabetes, and it facilitates the monitoring of SMA disease in pediatric patients through non-invasive urine collection.

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