scholarly journals Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation on Muscle Soreness and Damage

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Nosaka ◽  
P.▀ Sacco ◽  
K.▀ Mawatari
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Creatine Kinase

This study investigated the effect of a supplement containing 9 essential and 3 non-essential amino acids on muscle soreness and damage by comparing two endurance exercise bouts of the elbow fexors with amino acid or placebo supplementation in a double blind crossover design. The supplement was ingested 30 min before (10 h post-fasting) and immediately after exercise (Experiment 1), or 30 min before (2-3 h after breakfast), immediately post, and 8 more occasions over 4-day post-exercise (Experiment 2). Changes in muscle soreness and indicators of muscle damage for 4 days following exercise were compared between supplement conditions using two-way ANOVA. No significant differences between conditions were evident for Experiment 1; however, plasma creatine kinase, aldolase, myoglobin, and muscle soreness were significantly lower for the amino acid versus placebo condition in Experiment 2. These results suggest that amino acid supplementation attenuates DOMS and muscle damage when ingested in recovery days.

scholarly journals The effects of acute branched-chain amino acid supplementation on recovery from a single bout of hypertrophy exercise in resistance-trained athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Waldron ◽  
Kieran Whelan ◽  
Owen Jeffries ◽  
Dean Burt ◽  
Louis Howe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Branched Chain

This study investigated the effects of acute branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage among experienced resistance-trained athletes. In a double-blind matched-pairs design, 16 resistance-trained participants, routinely performing hypertrophy training, were randomly assigned to a BCAA (n = 8) or placebo (n = 8) group. The BCAAs were administered at a dosage of 0.087 g/kg body mass, with a 2:1:1 ratio of leucine, isoleucine, and valine. The participants performed 6 sets of 10 full-squats at 70% 1-repetition maximum to induce muscle damage. All participants were diet-controlled across the study. Creatine kinase, peak isometric knee-extensor force, perceived muscle soreness, and countermovement jump (CMJ) height were measured immediately before (baseline) and at 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise. There were large to very large time effects for all measurements between baseline and 24–48 h. Between-group comparisons, expressed as a percentage of baseline, revealed differences in isometric strength at 24-h (placebo ∼87% vs. BCAA ∼92%; moderate, likely), CMJ at 24 h (placebo ∼93% vs. BCAA ∼96%; small, likely), and muscle soreness at both 24 h (placebo ∼685% vs. BCAA ∼531%; small, likely) and 48 h (placebo ∼468% vs. BCAA ∼350%; small, likely). Acute supplementation of BCAAs (0.087 g/kg) increased the rate of recovery in isometric strength, CMJ height, and perceived muscle soreness compared with placebo after a hypertrophy-based training session among diet-controlled, resistance-trained athletes. These findings question the need for longer BCAA loading phases and highlight the importance of dietary control in studies of this type.

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation and Indicators of Muscle Damage after Endurance Exercise

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau Kjerulf Greer ◽  
John L. Woodard ◽  
Jim P. White ◽  
Eric M. Arguello ◽  
Emily M. Haymes
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
College Age ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Branched Chain

The purpose of this study was to determine whether branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation attenuates indirect indicators of muscle damage during endurance exercise as compared with an isocaloric, carbohydrate (CHO) beverage or a noncaloric placebo (PLAC) beverage. Nine untrained men performed three 90-min cycling bouts at 55% VO2peak. Subjects, blinded to beverage selection, ingested a total of 200 kcal of energy via the CHO or BCAA beverage before and at 60 min of exercise, or they drank the PLAC beverage. Creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isokinetic leg-extension and fexion torque, and muscle soreness were assessed before and immediately, 4 h, 24 h, and 48 h post exercise. The trials were separated by 8 wk. CK activities were significantly lower after the BCAA trial than in the PLAC trial at 4, 24, and 48 h post exercise, as well as lower than the CHO beverage at 24 h post exercise. CK was lower in the CHO trial at the 24- and 48-h time points than in the PLAC trial. LDH activities were lower in the BCAA trial at 4 h than in the PLAC trial. As compared with the CHO and PLAC trials, ratings of perceived soreness were lower at 24 h post exercise, and leg-fexion torque was higher at the 48-h time point after the BCAA trial. The present data suggest that BCAA supplementation attenuates muscle damage during prolonged endurance exercise in untrained college-age men. CHO ingestion attenuates CK activities at 24 and 48 h post exercise as compared with a placebo beverage.

Low-Dose Amino Asid Supplementation: No Effects on Serum Human Growth Hormone and Insulin in Male Weightlifters

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Hannu K. Näveri ◽  
Kai T.K. Kiilavuori ◽  
Matti H.A. HärkÖnen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Time Interaction

Using a double-blind, crossover protocol, we studied the possible effects of a 4-day combined L-arginine, L-ornithine, and L-lysine supplementation (each 2 g/day, divided into two daily doses) on 24-hr level of serum human growth hormone (hGH) and insulin in 11 competitive weightlifters, ages 19 to 35 yrs. Three similar daily hGH peaks, seemingly preceded by a decrease in serum insulin concentration, were found during both amino acid and placebo supplementation. Supplementation did not affect the physiological variation of serum hGH concentration (treatment and treatment × time interaction:p=0.43–0.55). Analogously, serum insulin levels were not higher after amino acid supplementation. Therefore the ergogenic value of lowdose oral amino acid supplementation in increasing hGH or insulin secretion seems questionable.

scholarly journals The Effect of Orally Dosed Levagen+™ (palmitoylethanolamide) on Exercise Recovery in Healthy Males—A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Mallard ◽  
David Briskey ◽  
Andrew Richards ◽  
Dean Mills ◽  
Amanda Rao
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Leg Press

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a cannabimimetic compound and lipid messenger, on recovery from muscle damaging exercise. Twenty-eight healthy young male participants attended the laboratory four times on subsequent days. In the first visit, baseline characteristics were recorded before participants were randomized to consume either liquid PEA (167.5 mg Levagen+ with 832.5 mg maltodextrin) or a matched placebo (1 g maltodextrin) drink. Leg press exercise consisted of four sets at 80% of one repetition maximum followed by a performance set. Muscle soreness, thigh circumference, blood lactate concentration, biomarkers of muscle damage and inflammation, and transcription factor pathways were measured pre- and immediately post-exercise and again at 1, 2, 3, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. The leg press exercise increased (p < 0.05) blood lactate concentration and induced muscle damage as evidenced by increased muscle soreness, thigh circumference, biomarkers of muscle damage, and concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α. PEA reduced (p < 0.05) myoglobin and blood lactate concentrations and increased protein kinase B phosphorylation following exercise. Taken together, these results indicate PEA supplementation may aid in muscle recovery from repeat bouts of exercise performed within a short duration by reducing myoglobin and lactate concentration.

scholarly journals Effect of Carbohydrate Intake during Recovery from Eccentric Exercise on Interleukin-6 and Muscle-Damage Markers

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary P. Miles ◽  
Sherri D. Pearson ◽  
Jan M. Andring ◽  
Jessy R. Kidd ◽  
Stella L. Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Carbohydrate Supplementation ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery ◽  
Glycogen Stores

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether carbohydrate supplementation during the frst 2 d post exercise recovery influenced the inflammation (IL-6, C-reactive protein [CRP], and cortisol) and muscle-damage responses. Eight participants performed a high-force eccentric elbow-fexion exercise to induce muscle soreness and inflammation and then consumed carbohydrate (0.25 g·kg−1·h−1) or an equal volume of placebo during hours 0–12 and 24–36 post exercise in a double-blind, crossover protocol. Muscle soreness; mid brachial arm circumference; blood glucose, IL-6, CRP, cortisol, and creatine-kinase (CK) activity; and maximal force production were measured pre exercise and 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 120 h post exercise. Plasma IL-6 increased, F(5) = 5.27, P < 0.05, 8 h post exercise, with no difference between carbohydrate and placebo conditions. Changes in muscle soreness, arm circumference, strength, and serum CK activity were consistent with small amounts of muscle damage and did not differ between conditions. The authors conclude that carbohydrate supplementation during recovery from soreness-inducing exercise does not influence the delayed IL-6 response temporally linked to inflammation or indications of muscle damage. Thus, increased carbohydrate consumption at levels consistent with recommendations for replenishing glycogen stores does not impair or promote the immune and muscle responses.

Short-Term β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate Supplementation Does Not Reduce Symptoms of Eccentric Muscle Damage

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Paddon-Jones ◽  
Andrew Keech ◽  
David Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Eccentric Muscle Damage

Purpose:We examined the effects of short-term β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on symptoms of muscle damage following an acute bout of eccentric exercise.Methods:Non-resistance trained subjects were randomly assigned to a HMB supplement group (HMB, 40mg/kg body weight/day, n = 8) or placebo group (CON, n = 9). Supplementation commenced 6 days prior to a bout of 24 maximal isokinetic eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors and continued throughout post-testing. Muscle soreness, upper arm girth, and torque measures were assessed pre-exercise, 15 min post-exercise, and 1,2,3, 4,7, and 10 days post-exercise.Results:No pre-test differences between HMB and CON groups were identified, and both performed a similar amount of eccentric work during the main eccentric exercise bout (p > .05). HMB supplementation had no effect on swelling, muscle soreness, or torque following the damaging eccentric exercise bout (p > .05).Conclusion:Compared to a placebo condition, short-term supplementation with 40mg/kg body weight/day of HMB had no beneficial effect on a range of symptoms associated with eccentric muscle damage. If HMB can produce an ergogenic response, a longer pre-exercise supplementation period may be necessary.

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