Lack of Effect of Exercise Time of Day on Acute Energy Intake in Healthy Men

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katriona J.M O’Donoghue ◽  
Paul A. Fournier ◽  
Kym J. Guelfi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Successful Weight Loss

Although the manipulation of exercise and dietary intake to achieve successful weight loss has been extensively studied, it is unclear how the time of day that exercise is performed may affect subsequent energy intake. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of exercise performed in the morning compared with an equivalent bout of exercise performed in the afternoon on short-term energy intake. Nine healthy male participants completed 3 trials: morning exercise (AM), afternoon exercise (PM), or control (no exercise; CON) in a randomized counterbalanced design. Exercise consisted of 45 min of treadmill running at 75% VO2peak. Energy intake was assessed over a 26-hr period with the participants eating ad libitum from a standard assortment of food items of known quantity and composition. There was no significant difference in overall energy intake (M ± SD; CON 23,505 ± 6,938 kJ, AM 24,957 ± 5,607 kJ, PM 24,560 ± 5,988 kJ; p = .590) or macronutrient preferences during the 26-hr period examined between trials. Likewise, no differences in energy intake or macronutrient preferences were observed at any of the specific individual meal periods examined (i.e., breakfast, lunch, dinner) between trials. These results suggest that the time of day that exercise is performed does not significantly affect short-term energy intake in healthy men.

Effect of short-term energy intake level and exercise on oxygen consumption in men

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Hickson ◽  
G. H. Hartung ◽  
T. D. Pate ◽  
S. C. Kendall ◽  
J. C. McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
Term Energy

scholarly journals Effects of alcohol on food and energy intake in human subjects: evidence for passive and active over-consumption of energy

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (S1) ◽  
pp. S31-S34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Yeomans
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Appetite Stimulation

The effects of alcohol on food and energy intake in human subjects have been the subject of a number of controlled studies recently. Unlike the evidence for other macronutrients, there is minimal evidence for any compensatory reduction in food intake in response to energy ingested as alcohol. In contrast, all studies testing intake within 1 h of preload ingestion report a higher intake of food following alcohol relative to energy-matched controls, although this short-term stimulatory effect is not evident if the test meal is delayed beyond 1 h. This time-course suggests that short-term stimulation of appetite may be mediated by the pharmacological action of alcohol on the appetite control system, either through enhanced orosensory reward or impaired satiety. In the long term, energy ingested as alcohol is additive to energy from other sources, suggesting that moderate alcohol consumption results in long-term passive over-consumption alongside short-term active over-consumption of energy through appetite stimulation. Despite the consistency of enhanced energy intake after moderate alcohol, evidence of an association between alcohol in the diet and obesity remains contentious, although the most recent results suggest that alcohol intake correlates with BMI. Future research needs to address this issue and clarify the mechanisms underlying appetite stimulation by alcohol.

Effects of puddings containing whey protein and polydextrose on subjective feelings of appetite and short-term energy intake in healthy adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Martinelli ◽  
Florencia Walz ◽  
Eva Goñi ◽  
Giovanna Passutti ◽  
Carlos Osella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy

OP039: Effect of Environmental Temperature and Metabolic Level on Short-Term Energy Intake

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. S17
Author(s):  
C. Faure ◽  
S. Henri ◽  
A. Temmar ◽  
O. Hue ◽  
S. Antoine-Jonville
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise on Appetite, Energy Intake, and Appetite-Related Hormones: The Modulating Effect of Adiposity, Sex, and Habitual Physical Activity

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Dorling ◽  
David Broom ◽  
Stephen Burns ◽  
David Clayton ◽  
Kevin Deighton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Hormone Responses

Exercise facilitates weight control, partly through effects on appetite regulation. Single bouts of exercise induce a short-term energy deficit without stimulating compensatory effects on appetite, whilst limited evidence suggests that exercise training may modify subjective and homeostatic mediators of appetite in directions associated with enhanced meal-induced satiety. However, a large variability in responses exists between individuals. This article reviews the evidence relating to how adiposity, sex, and habitual physical activity modulate exercise-induced appetite, energy intake, and appetite-related hormone responses. The balance of evidence suggests that adiposity and sex do not modify appetite or energy intake responses to acute or chronic exercise interventions, but individuals with higher habitual physical activity levels may better adjust energy intake in response to energy balance perturbations. The effect of these individual characteristics and behaviours on appetite-related hormone responses to exercise remains equivocal. These findings support the continued promotion of exercise as a strategy for inducing short-term energy deficits irrespective of adiposity and sex, as well as the ability of exercise to positively influence energy balance over the longer term. Future well-controlled studies are required to further ascertain the potential mediators of appetite responses to exercise.

scholarly journals Restricting night-time eating reduces daily energy intake in healthy young men: a short-term cross-over study

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2108-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. LeCheminant ◽  
Ed Christenson ◽  
Bruce W. Bailey ◽  
Larry A. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Time Eating

Few experimental data are available to support the notion that reducing night-time eating changes total daily energy intake (EI) or body weight in healthy adults. The present study primarily examined the short-term effect of night eating restriction (NER) on daily EI in healthy young men. It secondarily examined body weight and moods associated with NER. Using a cross-over design, twenty-nine men (20·9 (sd 2·5) years; 24·4 (sd 2·5) kg/m2) initiated a 2-week NER intervention (elimination of EI from 19.00 to 06.00 hours) and a 2-week control condition, counterbalanced and separated by a 1-week washout period. EI and macronutrient intake were assessed using computerised, multiple-pass 24 h food recalls, body weight via a digital scale and mood using the Profile of Mood States survey. Of the twenty-nine participants, twenty-seven (93 %) completed all aspects of the study. During the NER condition, the participants consumed less total energy per d than during the control condition (10 125 v. 11 146 kJ/d; F= 6·41; P= 0·018). During the NER condition, no energy was reported consumed between 19.00 and 06.00 hours; however, during the control condition, the energy intake of participants was 2920 (sd 1347) kJ/d between 19.00 and 06.00 hours. There was a significant difference in weight change between the NER ( − 0·4 (sd 1·1) kg) and control (+0·6 (sd 0·9) kg) conditions (F= 22·68; P< 0·001). Differences in total mood score or mood subscales between the NER and control conditions were not apparent (P>0·05). These findings provide support for NER decreasing short-term EI in healthy young men.

scholarly journals Creating an acute energy deficit without stimulating compensatory increases in appetite: is there an optimal exercise protocol?

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Deighton ◽  
David J. Stensel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Media ◽  
Response To Exercise

Recent years have witnessed significant interest from both the scientific community and the media regarding the influence of exercise on subsequent appetite and energy intake responses. This review demonstrates a consensus among the majority of scientific investigations that an acute bout of land-based endurance exercise does not stimulate any compensatory increases in appetite and energy intake on the day of exercise. Alternatively, preliminary evidence suggests that low volume, supramaximal exercise may stimulate an increase in appetite perceptions during the subsequent hours. In accordance with the apparent insensitivity of energy intake to exercise in the short term, the daily energy balance response to exercise appears to be primarily determined by the energy cost of exercise. This finding supports the conclusions of recent training studies that the energy expenditure of exercise is the strongest predictor of fat loss during an exercise programme.

PP131-MON SERUM PREALBUMIN: AN INDEPENDENT MARKER OF SHORT-TERM ENERGY INTAKE

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
R. Caccialanza ◽  
G. Palladini ◽  
C. Klersy ◽  
E. Cereda ◽  
C. Bonardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Independent Marker

scholarly journals The Effects of Energy Restriction on Thyroid Hormone Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A978-A979
Author(s):  
Joselyne Tessa Tonelu ◽  
Skand Shekhar ◽  
Chinelo Okigbo ◽  
Helen Leka ◽  
Anne Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy

Abstract Background: Intermittent energy restriction (IER) is gaining popularity as a weight-loss strategy. However, the effect of short-term energy restriction on thyroid hormone dynamics is not well characterized. Methods: Nineteen healthy women age 23.36± 2.08 yr (mean ± SD) with normal baseline thyroid function and negative anti-thyroid antibodies underwent two 5-day interventions of a prescribed diet and identical standardized exercise in the early follicular phase of two menstrual cycles - neutral energy availability (NEA) 45 kCal/kg*LBM/d followed by deficient energy availability (DEA) 20 kCal/kg*LBM/d. Energy requirements were estimated as previously described (doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1468) and were used to generate a diet and exercise regimen for each participant. On day 5 of both interventions, body composition was assessed by BodPod®. Standardized NEA or DEA breakfast and lunch were provided as appropriate as well as a standardized NEA snack on both sampling visits. Blood sampling was performed for 8 hours starting at ~0800 h with measurement of TSH and growth hormone (GH) every 10 min, cortisol every 30 min, total T3 (TT3), reverse T3 (rT3) and total T4 (TT4) every 60 min, free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4) and TBG at the beginning and end of sampling. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used for measurements of all thyroid hormones, with the exception of TSH and TBG which were measured by ELISA as were GH and cortisol. Data were analyzed using ANOVA-RM and linear mixed models. Results are presented as mean or least squared mean ± sem. Results: Body mass index, bodyweight and % fat mass were not different between interventions. GH and cortisol were unaffected by DEA (p=0.46, p=0.63). TBG was not affected by time of day or dietary intervention (p=0.95, p=0.41). However, compared with NEA, TT3 (89.15 ± 2.89 vs 95.55 ± 2.89 ng/dL for DEA and NEA, respectively; p&lt;0.0001) and TSH (0.92 ± 0.08 vs 1.03 ± 0.09 μIU/mL; p=0.0011) were lower after DEA, while TT4 (6.26 ± 0.25 vs 6.06 ± 0.25 μg/dL; p=0.04), FT4 (3.37 ± 0.26 vs 2.94 ± 0.25 ng/d;, p=0.0052) and rT3 (11.77 ± 0.58 vs 8.85 ± 0.51 ng/dL; p&lt;0.0001) were higher. Regardless of dietary intervention, FT3 (p=0.0005), TT3 (p&lt;0.0001), TT4 (p&lt;0.0001) and TSH (p&lt;0.0001) decreased across the day. Conclusion: Using LC-MS for as a more robust measure of thyroid hormones, we have now shown that changes in thyroid hormone dynamics occur after only 5 days of 55% energy restriction in the absence of alterations in body composition, cortisol, GH, TBG or the circadian pattern of thyroid hormone secretion. The decrease in TSH combined with the decrease in TT3 and increase in rT3 support the contribution of both central and peripheral mechanisms to these changes. Taken together these results provide support for a multi-level adaptation in thyroid hormone dynamics to conserve energy expenditure in response to short-term energy restriction.

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