scholarly journals Variability, Predictability, and Race Factors Affecting Performance in Elite Biathlon

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øyvind Skattebo ◽  
Thomas Losnegard
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Race Time ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance ◽  
Very High

Purpose: To investigate variability, predictability, and smallest worthwhile performance enhancement in elite biathlon sprint events. In addition, the effects of race factors on performance were assessed. Methods: Data from 2005 to 2015 including >10,000 and >1000 observations for each sex for all athletes and annual top-10 athletes, respectively, were included. Generalized linear mixed models were constructed based on total race time, skiing time, shooting time, and proportions of targets hit. Within-athlete race-to-race variability was expressed as coefficient of variation of performance times and standard deviation (SD) in proportion units (%) of targets hit. The models were adjusted for random and fixed effects of subject identity, season, event identity, and race factors. Results: The within-athlete variability was independent of sex and performance standard of athletes: 2.5–3.2% for total race time, 1.5–1.8% for skiing time, and 11–15% for shooting times. The SD of the proportion of hits was ∼10% in both shootings combined (meaning ±1 hit in 10 shots). The predictability in total race time was very high to extremely high for all athletes (ICC .78–.84) but trivial for top-10 athletes (ICC .05). Race times during World Championships and Olympics were ∼2–3% faster than in World Cups. Moreover, race time increased by ∼2% per 1000 m of altitude, by ∼5% per 1% of gradient, by 1–2% per 1 m/s of wind speed, and by ∼2–4% on soft vs hard tracks. Conclusions: Researchers and practitioners should focus on strategies that improve biathletes’ performance by at least 0.8–0.9%, corresponding to the smallest worthwhile enhancement (0.3 × within-athlete variability).

Race Factors Affecting Performance Times in Elite Long-Track Speed Skating

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionne A. Noordhof ◽  
Roy C.M. Mulder ◽  
Jos J. de Koning ◽  
Will G. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Speed Skating ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance

Analysis of sport performance can provide effects of environmental and other venue-specific factors in addition to estimates of within-athlete variability between competitions, which determines smallest worthwhile effects.Purpose:To analyze elite long-track speed-skating events.Methods:Log-transformed performance times were analyzed with a mixed linear model that estimated percentage mean effects for altitude, barometric pressure, type of rink, and competition importance. In addition, coefficients of variation representing residual venue-related differences and within-athlete variability between races within clusters spanning ~8 d were determined. Effects and variability were assessed with magnitude-based inference.Results:A 1000-m increase in altitude resulted in very large mean performance improvements of 2.8% in juniors and 2.1% in seniors. An increase in barometric pressure of 100 hPa resulted in a moderate reduction in performance of 1.1% for juniors but an unclear effect for seniors. Only juniors competed at open rinks, resulting in a very large reduction in performance of 3.4%. Juniors and seniors showed small performance improvements (0.4% and 0.3%) at the more important competitions. After accounting for these effects, residual venue-related variability was still moderate to large. The within-athlete within-cluster race-to-race variability was 0.3–1.3%, with a small difference in variability between male (0.8%) and female juniors (1.0%) and no difference between male and female seniors (both 0.6%).Conclusion:The variability in performance times of skaters is similar to that of athletes in other sports in which air or water resistance limits speed. A performance enhancement of 0.1–0.4% by top-10 athletes is necessary to increase medal-winning chances by 10%.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Satgas Kebersihan Di Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Balangan

KINDAI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
Admin_ojs Admin_ojs
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance ◽  
Dominant Influence

Erwin Rizafana Npm.1711.32202.3664, Analysis Of Factors Affecting Performance City Cleanliness Task Force In The Balangan District Environmental Departement, Under The Guidance Of Lanny Purnama Kosasi Dan  Yudi Rahman, 2020. The aim of this research is to find out and analyze the influence of individual factors, psychological factors and organizational factors partially on the performance of the Cleanliness Task Force employees, to know and analyze the influence of individual factors, psychological factors and organizational factors simultaneously on employee performance and to find out and analyze among individual factors, psychological factors and organizational factors that have a dominant influence on the performance of the Cleaning Task Force employees at the Balangan District Environmental Office. The population in this study was the cleanliness task force of the Environmental Agency of Balangan Regency with a total of 145 people and the research sample of 31 respondents or 22% of the total population and the method used in the sampling of this study used the census method. This type of data, is an associative research with quantitative paradigms with the application of SPSS and multiple regression analysis. The results of the first hypothesis are known to individual factors, psychological factors and organizational factors partially significant effect on the performance of Cleanliness Task Force employees, the second hypothesis testing is known to individual factors, psychological factors and organizational factors have a significant effect simultaneously on the performance of Cleaning Task Force employees and third hypothesis testing is known that the results of the research that partially tested were stated and proved in this study that psychological factors had a dominant influence on the performance of the Cleaning Task Force employees at the Environmental Service Office of Balangan Regency.Keywords: Individual Factors, Psychological Factors, Organizational Factors And Performance

Reflections on Providing Personal and Performance Enhancement Consulting Services in Professional Baseball

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey A. Dorfman
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Consulting Services ◽  
Minor League ◽  
And Performance

This article describes the delivery of personal and performance enhancement consulting services to the major league and minor league teams in the Oakland Athletics baseball organization over a 6-year period. The use of a combined clinical, educational approach is discussed as well as the range and type of services provided in the role as a full-time instructor/counselor. Factors affecting the effectiveness of delivering sport psychology services to professional baseball players are discussed, with special emphasis on developing trust and a good connection in the player/consultant relationship.

scholarly journals Notational analysis on game strategy performed by female squash players in international competition

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diyana Zulaika Abdul Ghani ◽  
ZAINAL ABIDIN ZAINUDDIN ◽  
HALIJAH IBRAHIM
Keyword(s):  
International Competition ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
International Level ◽  
World Championship ◽  
Notational Analysis ◽  
General Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Very High

In recent times, the general performance standard of women’s squash has progressed to very high levels as demonstrated by several ‘spectacular’ world championships final matches. Our aim was to identify successful game strategies of female squash players at the international level via notational analysis. 25 matches were obtained for analysis from several international competitions, including the Women’s World Championship 2014, the Women’s World Team Squash Championship 2014 and the Malaysia Circuit Squash 2015. The analysis was based on observation of the type of stroke performed and the rally outcome. The mean total number of shots performed per game was 337 (SD=189.6) shots. The most preferred strokes performed were drive (47.1%) followed by cross-court (19.9%), volley (12.7%), drop (11.1%), boast (5.8%), with the lob (3.4%) as least frequent occurring shot. Meanwhile, rally outcomes were categorized as winners, errors, stroke, and let. There were more winners produced (58.5%) compared to errors (24.8%) and lets (16.69%). The findings indicate that defensive long rallies together with offensive endings (using for example, well-timed drop shots) are characteristic of points played in elite women’s squash. The practical implications of this analysis could help coaches and female players to enhance their tactical strategy and performance.

Performance Enhancement and Accident Reduction in Complex Systems: Perspectives and a Research Program

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 870-872
Author(s):  
Barrett S. Caldwell ◽  
Bruce G. Coury ◽  
Neville Moray ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati ◽  
Harold E. (Smoke) Price
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Performance Error ◽  
And Performance

Accidents in complex systems seldom arise from a single source, and are most often the result of multiple factors occurring at different levels of the system. Understanding the “systems” aspects of human performance (and performance error) in complex systems is a necessary part of any effort to avoid serious mishaps due to human error. This panel is intended to coincide with the development of a major research effort at the University of Wisconsin to address these issues. The Center for Human Performance in Complex Systems will apply the disciplines of systems engineering and ergonomics design to improve complex systems processes from the perspective of human performance. The purpose of this panel is to foster and demonstrate the Center's interest in bringing together a variety of perspectives and expertise bases to improve the overall quality and breadth of its activities. Each of the participants has a longstanding interest in improving the quality of human performance in complex and critical systems environments. Although they cannot represent the entire spectrum of relevant disciplines and perspectives of ergonomics and systems analysis, they provide a balance of insights, experience, and enthusiasm. This balance is essential to improving our understanding of factors affecting complex socio-technical systems, and implementing strategies to prevent and ameliorate the effects of system degradation and breakdown.

Pengukuran Kinerja dan Akuntabilitas Publik di Indonesia Studi Awal di Pemerintah Daerah

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rusdi Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Institutional Isomorphism ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance ◽  
Measurement Practices

This article presents initial findings about public accountability and performance measurement practices in Indonesian local government institutions. Moreover, this article provides accountability tools, content, and reason. In addition, factors affecting performance measurement practices, and indications of the existence of institutional isomorphism are also discussed.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the performance of small-scale construction firms in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-991
Author(s):  
I.F. Ali ◽  
S. H. Awad ◽  
D. Abdulsalam
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Scale Construction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance ◽  
Work Done

Small-Scale Construction Firms (SSCFs) in Nigeria are confronted with several problems that tend to limits their contributions to the country’s GDP, employment generation as well as infrastructural development. Although the prospect for improved contribution towards development still exists, there is the need for implementation of good management practices and support measures. Therefore, this study uses focus group to explore factors affecting the performance of small-scale construction firms and possible remedial measures. The study identified 113 factors that negatively affect performance. The interview further helped in grouping the variables into seven (7) groups. The focus group participants helped to identify and classify eighty-two (82) measures into internal and external measures. Internal measures are to be implemented by the construction firms towards solving internal constraints and external measures to be implemented by government and other stakeholders towards minimizing problems that are outside the control of the small-scale construction firms. Results revealed critical factors affecting performance such as financial indiscipline by contractors, lack of experience and track records, poor policy by commercial banks on SMEs, corruption, effects of globalisation, multiple taxation, stringent prequalification criteria, poor design and specifications, lack of entrepreneurship skills and delay in payment for work done. The study recommends the implementation of remedial measures by management of small-scale construction firms and governments with other stakeholders that could improve performance. Keywords: small-scale constructions firms, focus group, problems, remedial measures and performance. 

scholarly journals Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Balai Benih Ikan Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Sukabumi

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Sri Padmoko ◽  
Marimin ◽  
M Hasjim Bintoro
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Develop Strategy ◽  
Number Of Customers

Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) of Fish Nurtury Center (BBI) Cimaja plays important role in providing high quality fish seeds and broodstock in Sukabumi as well as in supporting District Own Source Revenue (PAD). Presence and performance of UPTD BBI Cimaja are highly meaningful for enhancing production of edible freshwater fish. The aim of research is to (1) determine performance of UPTD BBI Cimaja based on Balanced Scorecard; (2) investigate factors affecting performance of UPTD BBI Cimaja based on Balanced Scorecard; and (3) develop strategy for improving performance of UPTD BBI Cimaja based on Balanced Scorecard. The performance was determined based on balanced scorecard using AHP software, while the strategy development for improving main task and function of BBI Cimaja was processed using SWOT and AHP. Based on balanced scorecard perspective, the maximum performance of UPTD BBI Cimaja has not been reached, thus the improvement through intensive and aggressive strategy of growth and development is required. The results showed 23 factors influencing performance of UPTD BBI Cimaja, consisting of 2 financial factors, 10 customer factors, 6 internal factors, and 5 learning and growth factors. Based on AHP and SWOT analysis, the concrete strategy for performance enhancement regarding to customer perspective was translocation that provides sufficient water sources, and new fish pond construction supported by Regional Government Budget (APBD) to maintain BBI reputation, as well as increase in seed diversity and production to improve number of customers.

Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Elena Ju. Gorbatkova
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

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