Effects of Velocity Loss Threshold Within Resistance Training During Concurrent Training on Endurance and Strength Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Miguel Sánchez-Moreno ◽  
David Rodríguez-Rosell ◽  
David Díaz-Cueli ◽  
Fernando Pareja-Blanco ◽  
Juan José González-Badillo
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Group Time

Purpose: This study analyzed the effects of 3 training interventions: 1 isolated endurance training (ET) and 2 concurrent training (CT), which differed in the velocity loss (VL) magnitude allowed during the resistance training (RT) set: 15% (VL15) versus 45%, on strength and endurance running performance. Methods: A total of 33 resistance- and endurance-trained men were randomly allocated into 3 groups: VL15, VL 45%, and ET. ET was similar across all groups. The CT groups differed in the VL allowed during the RT set. Before and after the 8-week training program the following tests were performed: (1) running sprints, (2) vertical jump, (3) progressive loading test in the squat exercise, and (4) incremental treadmill running test up to maximal oxygen uptake. Results: Significant differences (P < .001) in RT volume (approximately 401 vs 177 total repetitions for VL 45% and VL15, respectively) were observed. Significant “group” × “time” interactions were observed for vertical jump and all strength-related variables: the CT groups attained significantly greater gains than ET. Moreover, a significant “group” × “time” interaction (P = .03) was noted for velocity at maximal oxygen uptake. Although all groups showed increases in velocity at maximal oxygen uptake, the VL15 group achieved greater gains than the ET group. Conclusions: CT interventions experienced greater strength gains than the ET group. Although all groups improved their endurance performance, the VL15 intervention resulted in greater gains than the ET approach. Therefore, moderate VL thresholds in RT performed during CT could be a good strategy for concurrently maximizing strength and endurance development.

Verification phase as a useful tool in the determination of the maximal oxygen uptake of distance runners

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian W. Midgley ◽  
Lars R. McNaughton ◽  
Sean Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Volitional Exhaustion

This study investigated the utility of a verification phase for increasing confidence that a “true” maximal oxygen uptake had been elicited in 16 male distance runners (mean age (±SD), 38.7  (± 7.5 y)) during an incremental treadmill running test continued to volitional exhaustion. After the incremental test subjects performed a 10 min recovery walk and a verification phase performed to volitional exhaustion at a running speed 0.5 km·h–1 higher than that attained during the last completed stage of the incremental phase. Verification criteria were a verification phase peak oxygen uptake ≤ 2% higher than the incremental phase value and peak heart rate values within 2 beats·min–1 of each other. Of the 32 tests, 26 satisfied the oxygen uptake verification criterion and 23 satisfied the heart rate verification criterion. Peak heart rate was lower (p = 0.001) during the verification phase than during the incremental phase, suggesting that the verification protocol was inadequate in eliciting maximal values in some runners. This was further supported by the fact that 7 tests exhibited peak oxygen uptake values over 100 mL·min–1 (≥ 3%) lower than the peak values attained in the incremental phase. Further research is required to improve the verification procedure before its utility can be confirmed.

scholarly journals Acute administration of high doses of taurine does not substantially improve high-intensity running performance and the effect on maximal accumulated oxygen deficit is unclear

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Milioni ◽  
Elvis de Souza Malta ◽  
Leandro George Spinola do Amaral Rocha ◽  
Camila Angélica Asahi Mesquita ◽  
Ellen Cristini de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute administration of taurine overload on time to exhaustion (TTE) of high-intensity running performance and alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODALT). The study design was a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Seventeen healthy male volunteers (age: 25 ± 6 years; maximal oxygen uptake: 50.5 ± 7.6 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed an incremental treadmill-running test until voluntary exhaustion to determine maximal oxygen uptake and exercise intensity at maximal oxygen uptake. Subsequently, participants completed randomly 2 bouts of supramaximal treadmill-running at 110% exercise intensity at maximal oxygen uptake until exhaustion (placebo (6 g dextrose) or taurine (6 g) supplementation), separated by 1 week. MAODALT was determined using a single supramaximal effort by summating the contribution of the phosphagen and glycolytic pathways. When comparing the results of the supramaximal trials (i.e., placebo and taurine conditions) no differences were observed for high-intensity running TTE (237.70 ± 66.00 and 277.30 ± 40.64 s; p = 0.44) and MAODALT (55.77 ± 8.22 and 55.06 ± 7.89 mL·kg−1; p = 0.61), which seem to indicate trivial and unclear differences using the magnitude-based inferences approach, respectively. In conclusion, acute 6 g taurine supplementation before exercise did not substantially improve high-intensity running performance and showed an unclear effect on MAODALT.

MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE IN WRESTLERS DURING TREADMILL RUNNING COMBINED WITH UPPER BODY WORK

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S37
Author(s):  
W W. K. Hoeger ◽  
N Kaluhiokalani ◽  
J Kokkonen ◽  
K Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Body Work

Maximal oxygen uptake and exercise tolerance are improved in rats with heart failure subjected to low-level laser therapy associated with resistance training

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor Scotta Hentschke ◽  
Lucas Capalonga ◽  
Douglas Dalcin Rossato ◽  
Júlia Luíza Perini ◽  
Jadson Pereira Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser

The efficacy of the self-paced V̇O2max test to measure maximal oxygen uptake in treadmill running

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis R. Mauger ◽  
Alan J. Metcalfe ◽  
Lee Taylor ◽  
Paul C. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Balanced Design ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

The novel self-paced, cycle-based maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) test (SPV) has been shown to produce higher V̇O2max values than standard graded exercise test (GXT) protocols. This study sought to ascertain whether these observations would also be apparent in a self-paced, treadmill-based test design. Fourteen trained male runners performed a standard GXT on a motorised treadmill and a self-paced V̇O2max test on a nonmotorised treadmill in a counter-balanced design. The GXT included a plateau verification and was designed to last between 8 and 12 min. The self-paced test included 5 × 2 min stages and allowed participants to set their own running speed based on fixed increments in rating of perceived exertion. Significantly higher V̇O2max values (t[13] = 3.71, p = 0.003) were achieved in the self-paced test (64.4 ± 7.3 mL·kg−1·min−1) compared with the GXT (61.3 ± 7.3 mL·kg−1·min−1), and 13 of the 14 participants achieved the same or higher V̇O2max values in the self-paced test. Higher (p = 0.01) maximum heart rates were observed in the GXT (191 ± 10 beats·min−1 vs. 187 ± 7 beats·min−1), but no differences were observed in any other recorded variables. The self-paced V̇O2max test may provide a more valid means of measuring V̇O2max than the GXT and suggests that a V̇O2 plateau during a GXT does not always signify achievement of a definitive V̇O2max. These results provide further support that self-paced V̇O2max testing produces higher values for maximal oxygen uptake.

scholarly journals Concurrent training and caffeine supplementation on resistance training performance - A short research report

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Daniel B Ugatti ◽  
Victor M Curty ◽  
Rafael Pereira ◽  
Marco Machado
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Volitional Fatigue

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of caffeine supplementation (4.5 mg⋅kg−1) on lower body resistance training (RT) performance preceded with and without an acute bout of endurance exercise. In a double-blinded crossover study, 10 moderately active males (20.6±2.1 yo) carried out six exercise sessions (2 x 1RM sessions; 2 x resistance sessions; 2 concurrent sessions). Resistance exercise sessions (CAF+RES and PLA+RES) were carried out with 4 maximum sets of leg press, leg extension and leg curl to volitional fatigue at 65% of 1RM for each exercise with 1 min inter-set and inter-session rest interval. Sessions consisted on 4 maximum sets to volitional fatigue at 65% of 1RM for each exercise with 1 min of rest interval between sets and exercises. Concurrent training sessions (CAF+CON and PLA+CON) were identical but were preceded by 30 min of continuous treadmill running at 75-85% HRmax. Physical performance showed a significant main effect for treatment (p < 0.0001), protocol (p < 0.02), exercises (p < 0.0001) and sets (p < 0.0001). Physical performance during RES was reduced after endurance exercise, indicating a cumulative effect of CON. Caffeine supplementation blunted this cumulative effect. We conclude that caffeine supplementation could be used to improve the RT performance when it is done immediately after an aerobic training.

Effect of endurance training on oxygen uptake kinetics during treadmill running

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 1744-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Carter ◽  
Andrew M. Jones ◽  
Thomas J. Barstow ◽  
Mark Burnley ◽  
Craig Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Running Training

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endurance training on oxygen uptake (V˙o 2) kinetics during moderate [below the lactate threshold (LT)] and heavy (above LT) treadmill running. Twenty-three healthy physical education students undertook 6 wk of endurance training that involved continuous and interval running training 3–5 days per week for 20–30 min per session. Before and after the training program, the subjects performed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion for determination of the LT and the V˙o 2 max and a series of 6-min square-wave transitions from rest to running speeds calculated to require 80% of the LT and 50% of the difference between LT and maximal V˙o 2. The training program caused small (3–4%) but significant increases in LT and maximalV˙o 2 ( P < 0.05). TheV˙o 2 kinetics for moderate exercise were not significantly affected by training. For heavy exercise, the time constant and amplitude of the fast component were not significantly affected by training, but the amplitude of theV˙o 2 slow component was significantly reduced from 321 ± 32 to 217 ± 23 ml/min ( P< 0.05). The reduction in the slow component was not significantly correlated to the reduction in blood lactate concentration ( r = 0.39). Although the reduction in the slow component was significantly related to the reduction in minute ventilation ( r = 0.46; P < 0.05), it was calculated that only 9–14% of the slow component could be attributed to the change in minute ventilation. We conclude that theV˙o 2 slow component during treadmill running can be attenuated with a short-term program of endurance running training.

Substitution of parts of aerobic training by resistance training lowers fasting hyperglycemia in individuals with metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas ◽  
Juan Fernando Ortega ◽  
Felix Morales-Palomo ◽  
Miguel Ramirez-Jimenez ◽  
Laura Alvarez-Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Leg Press

We sought to determine the effects of substituting parts of aerobic training (AT) by resistance training (RT) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors. MetS patients (aged 56 ± 7 years; body mass index 33 ± 5 kg·m−2 and 3.9 ± 0.8 MetS factors) were randomized to undergo 1 of the following isocaloric, 16-week long exercise programs: (i) cycling 4 bouts of 4-min at 90% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) followed by 3 sets of 12 repetitions of 3 lower limb free-weight exercises (high-intensity interval training (HIIT)+RT group; n = 33), (ii) cycling 5 bouts of 4 min at 90% of HRmax (HIIT+HIIT group; n = 33), or (iii) no exercise control group (n = 21). We measured the evolution of all 5 MetS components (z score), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), leg strength and power (leg press 1-repetition maximum (1RM) and countermovement jump (CMJ)), fasting blood glucose (FG), fasting insulin, and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment 2). Both training groups improved maximal oxygen uptake similarly (170 ± 310 and 190 ± 210 mL O2·min−1; P < 0.001) and z score (−0.12 ± 0.29 and −0.12 ± 0.31 for HIIT+RT and HIIT+HIIT, respectively; P < 0.02). However, only HIIT+RT improved CMJ (P = 0.002) and leg press 1RM above the HIIT+HIIT group (21% vs 6%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, FG only decreased in the HIIT+RT group (5%; P = 0.026, time × group). Our findings suggest that substitution of part of HIIT by leg RT improves glucose control in MetS individuals. Novelty Most studies addressing the efficacy of endurance versus resistance training are not matched by energy expenditure. We found that substituting 20% of AT with RT reduces hyperglycemia in MetS individuals. Training recommendations to regain glycemic control in MetS individuals should include resistance training.

scholarly journals Determination of Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using the Bruce or a Novel Athlete-Led Protocol in a Mixed Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hamlin ◽  
Nick Draper ◽  
Gavin Blackwell ◽  
Jeremy Shearman ◽  
Nicholas Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Bruce Protocol ◽  
Treadmill Protocol

Determination of Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using the Bruce or a Novel Athlete-Led Protocol in a Mixed PopulationTreadmill tests for maximal oxygen uptake (O2max) have traditionally used set speed and incline increments regardless of participants training or exercise background. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of a novel athlete-led protocol for determining maximal aerobic fitness in adults. Twenty-nine participants (21 male, 8 female, age 29.8 ± 9.5 y, BMI 24.4 ± 3.1, mean ± SD) from a variety of exercise backgrounds were asked to complete two maximal treadmill running tests (using the standard Bruce or a novel athlete-led protocol [ALP]) to volitional failure in a counter-balanced randomised cross-over trial one week apart. We found no substantial difference in maximal oxygen uptake (47.0 ± 9.1 and 46.8 ± 10.7 ml.kg-1.min-1, mean ± SD for the ALP and Bruce protocols respectively), evidenced by the Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.93 (90% confidence limits, 0.88-0.96). However, compared to the Bruce protocol, participants completing the ALP protocol attained a substantially higher maximal heart rate (ALP = 182.8 ± 10.5, Bruce = 179.7 ± 8.7 beats.min-1). Additionally, using the Bruce protocol took a longer period of time (23.2 ± 17.0 s) compared to the ALP protocol. It seems that using either treadmill protocol will give you similar maximal oxygen uptake results. We suggest the ALP protocol which is simpler, quicker and probably better at achieving maximal heart rates is a useful alternative to the traditional Bruce protocol.

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