Influence of Neuromuscular Fatigue on Accelerometer Load in Elite Australian Football Players

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Cormack ◽  
Mitchell G. Mooney ◽  
Will Morgan ◽  
Michael R. McGuigan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Neuromuscular Fatigue ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Baseline Measure ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Australian Football ◽  
Percent Contribution ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
The Impact

Purpose:To determine the impact of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) assessed from variables obtained during a countermovement jump on exercise intensity measured with triaxial accelerometers (load per minute [LPM]) and the association between LPM and measures of running activity in elite Australian Football.Methods:Seventeen elite Australian Football players performed the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) and provided a baseline measure of NMF (flight time:contraction time [FT:CT]) from a countermovement jump before the season. Weekly samples of FT:CT, coaches’ rating of performance (votes), LPM, and percent contribution of the 3 vectors from the accelerometers in addition to high-speed-running meters per minute at >15 km/h and total distance relative to playing time (m/min) from matches were collected. Samples were divided into fatigued and nonfatigued groups based on reductions in FT:CT. Percent contributions of vectors to LPM were assessed to determine the likelihood of a meaningful difference between fatigued and nonfatigued groups. Pearson correlations were calculated to determine relationships between accelerometer vectors and running variables, votes, and Yo-Yo IR2 score.Results:Fatigue reduced the contribution of the vertical vector by (mean ± 90% CI) –5.8% ± 6.1% (86% likely) and the number of practically important correlations.Conclusions:NMF affects the contribution of individual vectors to total LPM, with a likely tendency toward more running at low speed and less acceleration. Fatigue appears to limit the influence of the aerobic and anaerobic qualities assessed via the Yo-Yo IR2 test on LPM and seems implicated in pacing.

scholarly journals Running Performance of Male Versus Female Players in Australian Football Matches: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wing ◽  
Nicolas H. Hart ◽  
Callum McCaskie ◽  
Petar Djanis ◽  
Fadi Ma’ayah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Analysis Window ◽  
Australian Football ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Australian Football is a fast paced, intermittent sport, played by both male and female populations. The aim of this systematic review was to compare male and female Australian Football players, competing at elite and sub-elite levels, for running performance during Australian Football matches based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Methods Medline, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science searches, using search terms inclusive of Australian Football, movement demands and microsensor technology, returned 2535 potential manuscripts, of which 33 were included in the final analyses. Results Results indicated that male athletes performed approximately twice the total running distances of their female counterparts, which was likely due to the differences in quarter length (male elite = 20 min, female elite = 15 min (plus time-on). When expressed relative to playing time, the differences between males and females somewhat diminished. However, high-speed running distances covered at velocities > 14.4 km·h−1 (> 4 m·s−1) were substantially greater (≥ 50%) for male than female players. Male and female players recorded similar running intensities during peak periods of play of shorter duration (e.g., around 1 min), but when the analysis window was lengthened, females showed a greater decrement in running performance. Conclusion These results suggest that male players should be exposed to greater training volumes, whereas training intensities should be reasonably comparable across male and female athletes.

Neuromuscular Fatigue and Muscle Damage After a Women’s Rugby Sevens Tournament

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea C. Clarke ◽  
Judith M. Anson ◽  
David B. Pyne
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Neuromuscular Fatigue ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Baseline Testing ◽  
Time Distance

Purpose:To examine relationships between on-field game movement patterns and changes in markers of neuromuscular fatigue and muscle damage during a 2-d women’s rugby sevens tournament.Methods:Female national (mean ± SD n = 12, 22.3 ± 2.5 y, 1.67 ± 0.04 m, 65.8 ± 4.6 kg) and state (n = 10, 24.4 ± 4.3 y, 1.67 ± 0.03 m, 66.1 ± 7.9 kg) representative players completed baseline testing for lower-body neuromuscular function (countermovement-jump [CMJ] test), muscle damage (capillary creatine kinase [CK]), perceived soreness, and perceived recovery. Testing was repeated after games on days 1 and 2 of the tournament. GPS (5-Hz) data were collected throughout the tournament (4−6 games/player).Results:National players were involved in greater on-field movements for total time, distance, high-speed running (>5 m/s), and impacts >10 g (effect size [ES] = 0.55−0.97) and displayed a smaller decrement in performance from day 1 to day 2. Despite this, state players had a much greater 4-fold increase (ΔCK = 737 U/L) in CK compared with the 2-fold increase (ΔCK = 502 U/L) in national players (ES = 0.73). Both groups had similar perceived soreness and recovery while CMJ performance was unchanged. High-speed running and impacts >10 g were largely correlated (r = .66−.91) with ΔCK for both groups.Conclusion:A 2-day women’s rugby sevens tournament elicits substantial muscle damage; however, there was little change in lower-body neuromuscular function. Modest increases in CK can largely be attributed to high-speed running and impacts >10 g that players typically endure.

scholarly journals No Influence of Prematch Subjective Wellness Ratings on External Load During Elite Australian Football Match Play

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip M. Bellinger ◽  
Cameron Ferguson ◽  
Tim Newans ◽  
Clare L. Minahan
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Perceived Wellness ◽  
Football Match ◽  
Australian Football

Purpose: To determine whether there is an association between external match load and contextual factors on subjective wellness in the days before and after Australian Rules football match play. Methods: A total of 34 elite male Australian football players completed a subjective wellness questionnaire in the days leading into the match (–3, –2, and –1 d), the day of (match day), and the days after each match (+3, +2, and +1 d). Players subjectively rated each item (mood, energy, stress, leg heaviness, muscle soreness, sleep quality, hours slept, and total wellness [a sum of the total response score]) on a visual analog scale ranging from 1 to 10, with 1 representing the negative end of the continuum. External load during competitive matches was quantified using accelerometer-derived PlayerLoad, and running activity was quantified using global positioning system technology across 2 competitive seasons. The relationships between perceptions of wellness (within-individual z score), external match load, and contextual factors (match result, match location, and between-matches recovery duration) were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results: Mixed-effect linear models revealed trivial effects of match-day wellness z score on subsequent external match load metrics. Match result (win) and PlayerLoad in the anteroposterior vector (au·min−1) were associated with an increased (estimate ± SE: 0.30 ± 0.13 z score) and reduced subjective wellness (−0.15 ± 0.06 z score), respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that prematch perceived wellness does not relate to external match load in elite Australian football players. The between-matches microcycle length appears to be sufficient to restore perceived wellness to values that do not affect the subsequent external match loads.

The Effects of Endurance-Based Skills-Specific Running Loads on Same-Day Resistance-Training Performance in Professional Australian Rules Football Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281-1288
Author(s):  
Dean Ritchie ◽  
Justin Keogh ◽  
Steven Stern ◽  
Peter Reaburn ◽  
Fergus O’Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Australian Football

Little is known about the effect of preceding endurance-exercise bouts on subsequent resistance-training (RT) performance in team-sport players. Purpose: To examine the effect of prior skills/endurance training and different recovery time periods on subsequent same-day RT performance in professional Australian football players. Methods: Sport-specific endurance-running loads (duration [in minutes], total distance [in meters], mean speed [in meters per minute], high-speed running >15 km·h−1, and relative high-speed running [>75% and >85% of maximal velocity]) were obtained for 46 professional Australian football players for each training session across an entire competitive season. RT was prescribed in 3 weekly mesocycles with tonnage (in kilograms) lifted recorded as RT performance. Endurance and RT sessions were interspersed by different recovery durations: ∼20 min and 1, 2, and 3 h. Fixed- and mixed-effect linear models assessed the influence of skills/endurance-running loads on RT performance. Models also accounted for season period (preseason vs in-season) and recovery duration between concurrent training bouts. Results: An increase in high-speed running and distance covered >75% and >85% of maximal velocity had the greatest reductions on RT performance. In-season total distance covered displayed greater negative effects on subsequent RT performance compared with preseason, while ∼20-min recovery between skills/endurance and RT was associated with greater reductions in RT performance, compared with 1-, 2-, and 3-h recovery. Conclusions: Sport-specific endurance-running loads negatively affect subsequent same-day RT performance, and this effect is greater in-season and with shorter recovery durations between bouts.

scholarly journals Mixed versus Focused Resistance Training during an Australian Football Pre-Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Lachlan P. James ◽  
Jade Haycraft ◽  
Anthony Pierobon ◽  
Timothy J. Suchomel ◽  
Mark Connick
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Mixed Group ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Small Reduction ◽  
Training Plan ◽  
Contraction Ratio ◽  
Australian Football

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of a focused versus mixed-methods strength-power training plan on athletes undertaking high volumes of concurrent training. Fourteen junior elite male Australian football players were randomly assigned into either the focused or mixed group. Both training groups undertook a sequenced training intervention consisting of a four-week mesocycle emphasising heavy strength followed by a four-week mesocycle of high velocity emphasis. Training differed between groups by way of the degree of emphasis placed on the targeted attribute in each cycle and occurred during the preseason. Testing occurred pre- and post-training and consisted of the unloaded and loaded (+20 kg) countermovement jump (CMJ). Focused training elicited practical (non-trivial) improvements in flight time to contraction ratio (FT:CT) (g = 0.45, ±90% confidence interval 0.49) underpinned by a small reduction in contraction time (g = −0.46, ±0.45) and a small increase in braking (g = 0.36, ±0.42) and concentric phase mean force (g = 0.22, ±0.39). Conversely, the mixed group demonstrated an unchanged FT:CT (g = −0.13, ±0.56). Similar respective changes occurred in the loaded condition. Preferential improvements in FT:CT occur when a greater focus is placed on a targeted physical quality in a sequenced training plan of junior elite Australian football players during preseason training.

scholarly journals Effect of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on measures of football performance - with reference to the impact of training status

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magni Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Gastrointestinal Distress ◽  
Intermittent Training ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate effects of acute sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) ingestion on performance during a football-specific protocol, with reference to mediating effects of intermittent training status. <strong>Methods</strong>: Ten male university football players (age: 21±1 yrs, height: 180±2 cm, mass: 78.8±2.8 kg) completed two six-a-side football matches after ingesting either 0.4 g.kg<sup>-1</sup> NaHCO<sub>3 </sub>(staggered over 90-min) or no supplement (CON) in a randomised, counterbalanced order. Activity profiles, blood [lactate], HR and gastrointestinal distress determined throughout. Training status was evaluated using Yo-YoIR1, Yo-YoIR2 and repeated-sprint tests. <strong>Results:</strong> Players performed 70.3% more high-speed running (17-21 km.h<sup>-1</sup>) during 0-5min following NaHCO<sub>3</sub> ingestion vs. CON (17.9±5.2 vs. 10.5±3.1 m, <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). No other significant activity profile differences, including high-intensity running (HIR; &gt;14km.hr<sup>-1</sup>), existed between conditions during any period (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). However, total HIR increased for 70% of participants following NaHCO<sub>3</sub> vs. CON (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Large-very large correlations (0.5&lt;<em>r</em>&lt;0.9) existed between training status measures and HIR improvement from CON to NaHCO<sub>3</sub> during certain match periods (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Acute NaHCO<sub>3</sub> ingestion appears ergogenic for some, but not all, football performance measures. Furthermore, individual variability in HIR response suggests this ergogenic potential is not realised by everyone. Correlational analysis suggests higher intermittent training status may potentiate NaHCO<sub>3 </sub>efficacy. </p>

scholarly journals Head Impact Exposure in Junior and Adult Australian Football Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hecimovich ◽  
Doug King ◽  
Alasdair Dempsey ◽  
Myles Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Comparable Amount ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Australian Football ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Player Positions ◽  
Frequency Magnitude

This study measured and compared the frequency, magnitude, and distribution of head impacts sustained by junior and adult Australian football players, respectively, and between player positions over a season of games. Twelve junior and twelve adult players were tracked using a skin-mounted impact sensor. Head impact exposure, including frequency, magnitude, and location of impacts, was quantified using previously established methods. Over the collection period, there were no significant differences in the impact frequency between junior and adult players. However, there was a significant increase in the frequency of head impacts for midfielders in both grades once we accounted for player position. A comparable amount of head impacts in both junior and adult players has implications for Australian football regarding player safety and medical coverage as younger players sustained similar impact levels as adult players. The other implication of a higher impact profile within midfielders is that, by targeting education and prevention strategies, a decrease in the incidence of sports-related concussion may result.

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