scholarly journals Comparison of Upper Arm Kinematics During a Volleyball Spike Between Players With and Without a History of Shoulder Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Mitchinson ◽  
Amity Campbell ◽  
Damian Oldmeadow ◽  
Will Gibson ◽  
Diana Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Rotation Velocity ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

Volleyball players are at high risk of overuse shoulder injuries, with spike biomechanics a perceived risk factor. This study compared spike kinematics between elite male volleyball players with and without a history of shoulder injuries. Height, mass, maximum jump height, passive shoulder rotation range of motion (ROM), and active trunk ROM were collected on elite players with (13) and without (11) shoulder injury history and were compared using independent samplesttests (P< .05). The average of spike kinematics at impact and range 0.1 s before and after impact during down-the-line and cross-court spike types were compared using linear mixed models in SPSS (P< .01). No differences were detected between the injured and uninjured groups. Thoracic rotation and shoulder abduction at impact and range of shoulder rotation velocity differed between spike types. The ability to tolerate the differing demands of the spike types could be used as return-to-play criteria for injured athletes.

639 Maximizing Safe Positioning of Upper Extremities after Axillary Burn Injuries to Prevent Contractures and Maintain Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S175-S176
Author(s):  
Connie Greiser ◽  
David Lorello ◽  
Dan Lyons ◽  
Karen J Richey ◽  
Derek Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shoulder Range

Abstract Introduction Burns crossing over a joint can result in a contracture of that joint. Axillary burns and subsequent contractures are common and may impact negatively on burn survivor rehabilitation. Positioning of burned extremities at the most lengthened position is ideal for maintenance of function and contracture prevention, 90 degrees of abduction is the most accepted position for axillary burn injuries. However, many activities of daily living require shoulder range of motion (ROM) greater than 90 degrees. The primary objective of this study was to describe and examine the incidence of paresthesia, pain, and intolerance in healthy subjects when the shoulder was placed in a position of 90 degrees or greater of shoulder abduction. Methods The subject’s nondominant upper extremity (NDE) was randomly placed in a series three of positions, including: (1) 90 degrees shoulder abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction with elbow extension, forearm neutral; (2) 130 degrees shoulder abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction, 30 degrees elbow flexion, forearm neutral; (3) 150 degrees shoulder abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction, 30 degrees elbow flexion, forearm neutral. Each position was maintained for a maximum of 2 hours. Subjects experiencing subjective symptoms including paresthesia lasting longer than 1 minute, pain rated greater than 3/10, and/or intolerance 2/5 was removed from the position. All subjects received at least 30 minutes of rest between positions. Results A total of 25 subjects were enrolled, mean age was 25.8 years, the majority were female (60%) and 20% had a history of NDE shoulder injury. The right arm was the dominant extremity (DE) in 88% of subjects. There were no significant differences in ROM between the DE and NDE extremity with the exception of external shoulder rotation, 94.96⁰ vs 84.8⁰ (p=.0142). Average total splint time was 136 minutes with a range of 40 – 360 minutes. Only 1 subject successfully completed all 3 splinting periods. There were 75 individual splinting events over the 3 splinting periods, and 90% of the time the splinting was stopped early. The most common reason for stopping early was paresthesia (88%) followed by pain (7%). Conclusions The positions selected represent the routine and usual care at our burn center. Patients are routinely positioned from hours to days depending on patient need. This study demonstrated that healthy subjects were unable to tolerate positioning for even two hours.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Cardiac Memory in Patients with Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator: the CAMI study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazi T. Haq ◽  
Jian Cao ◽  
Larisa G. Tereshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cardiac Memory ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rv Pacing

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to determine factors associated with cardiac memory (CM) in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD).MethodsPatients with structural heart disease (n=20; mean age 72.6±11.6 y; 80% male; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 31.7±7.6%; history of myocardial infarction (MI) in 75%, ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 85%) and preserved atrioventricular (AV) conduction received primary (80%) or secondary (20%) prevention dual-chamber ICD. Standard 12-lead ECG was recorded in AAI and DDD mode, before and after 7 days of right ventricular (RV) pacing in DDD mode with short AV delay. Direction (azimuth and elevation) and magnitude of spatial QRS, T, and ventricular gradient (SVG) vectors were measured before and after 7 days of RV pacing. CM was quantified as the degree of alignment between QRSDDD-7 and TAAI-7 vectors (QRSDDD-7-TAAI-7 angle). Circular statistics and mixed models with a random slope and intercept were adjusted for days 1-7 change in cardiac activation, LVEF, known risk factors, and use of medications known to affect CM.ResultsQRSDDD-7-TAAI-7 angle strongly correlated (circular r = - 0.972; P<0.0001) with TAAI-7-TDDD-7 angle. In the mixed models, history of MI (−180°(95%CI −320° to −40°); P=0.011) and female sex (−162°(95%CI −268° to −55°); P=0.003) counteracted CM-T azimuth changes (+132°(95%CI 80°-184°); P<0.0001). History of VT (+27(95%CI 4-46) mV*ms; P=0.007) amplified CM-T area increase (+15(95%CI 6–24) mV*ms; P<0.0001).ConclusionsExisting cardiac remodeling affects CM in response to RV pacing. Women develop less CM than men. Activation memory is another manifestation of CM.

scholarly journals Effect of training on the development of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia in volleyball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Selcen Korkmaz Eryılmaz ◽  
Kerimhan Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Saturation ◽  
Arterial Hypoxemia ◽  
Ventilatory Equivalent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exercise Induced

Background and Study Aim. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of volleyball training on the development of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia during incremental exercise in male competitive volleyball players. Material and Methods.  Eight male amateur volleyball players (age 21±1.3 years) participated in a 6-week volleyball training program three times a week in the pre-season preparatory period. Before and after the training period, all players performed an incremental treadmill test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) was continuously measured using a pulse oximeter during the test. Maximal values of minute ventilation (VEmax), respiratory exchange ratio (RERmax), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2) and carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2) were determined. Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) was defined as a SaO2 decreased by at least 4% (ΔSaO2≤ −4%) from resting level. Results. All the players exhibited exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia before (ΔSaO2= –8.8±3.3%) and after (ΔSaO2= –8.31.5%) the training period. SaO2 was significantly decreased from 97.6±1% at rest to 88.7±2.7% at exhaustion before the training period, and from 97.2±1.1% at rest to 88.8±2.1% at exhaustion after training period (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in resting and lowest SaO2 values by comparison between the before and after training (p > 0.05). There were no significant changes in VO2max, VEmax, RERmax, VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2 after training period (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The results of this study showed that volleyball players with a history of anaerobic training may exhibit EIAH, but that 6-week volleyball training has no effect on the degree of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia.

scholarly journals Shoulder Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Quarterbacks: 10-Year Epidemiology of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Trends

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 232596711875682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailesh V. Tummala ◽  
David E. Hartigan ◽  
Karan A. Patel ◽  
Justin L. Makovicka ◽  
Anikar Chhabra
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Up to 50% of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players have a history of shoulder injuries. The quarterback position has been shown to have a high prevalence of these injuries because of its unique exposures. There is little information regarding the shoulder injury type and mechanism in NCAA quarterbacks. Purpose: To understand the 10-year epidemiology of specific shoulder injury rates in NCAA quarterbacks. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Shoulder injury data for collegiate football quarterbacks from the 2004 through 2014 academic years were analyzed using the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) data set. Results: Over the 10-year study period, a total of 133 shoulder injuries to collegiate quarterbacks were reported, with 157,288 quarterback exposures. There was approximately 1 shoulder injury per 1221 exposures. The most common injuries noted were acromioclavicular sprains (45.1%, n = 60), followed by shoulder contusions (9.0%, n = 12), clavicular fractures (7.5%, n = 10), and anterior instability (5.3%, n = 7). The majority of injuries were caused by contact with a player (60.2%, n = 80) or contact with a playing surface (28.6%, n = 38), and 88% (n = 117) were deemed nonsurgical in nature. Conclusion: NCAA ISP data analysis suggests that collegiate quarterbacks sustain acute contact injuries 89% of the time and that they typically occur while being tackled, resulting in a time loss of less than 2 weeks. These injuries are commonly treated nonsurgically.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Shoulder and Elbow Injuries Among US High School Softball Players, 2005-2006 Through 2016-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 232596711986742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen D. Oliver ◽  
Michael G. Saper ◽  
Monika Drogosz ◽  
Hillary A. Plummer ◽  
Alan T. Arakkal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Elbow Injury ◽  
Elbow Injuries

Background: Injury prevalence has been well described among baseball athletes; similarly, a better understanding of injuries in softball athletes is needed. Purpose: To examine shoulder and elbow injury epidemiology among high school softball athletes in the United States. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Injury data were obtained from the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance System, which captures data from a large national sample of US high schools. Annually, a random sample of 100 high schools provided a representative sample with respect to the 4 US Census geographic regions and 2 school sizes (cutoff point, 1000 students). Athletic trainers from participating schools reported data for athlete-exposures (AEs; practice or competition) and shoulder and elbow injuries from 2005-2006 through 2016-2017. Results: A total of 239 shoulder injuries and 85 elbow injuries occurred within 2,095,329 AEs. The overall shoulder injury rate was 1.14 per 10,000 AEs, whereas the overall elbow injury rate was 0.41 per 10,000 AEs. Injuries to the shoulder were more likely to occur during competition as compared with practice (rate ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.99-1.65). Half of the shoulder (50.4%) and elbow 48.9% injuries were due to an overuse/chronic mechanism. Of the athletes sustaining an injury, 86.8% with shoulder injuries and 93.0% with elbow injuries returned to play within 21 days. Only 16.7% of shoulder injuries and 17.5% of elbow injuries were sustained by pitchers. Conclusion: Shoulder and elbow injury rates, time to return, and percentage of injuries among pitchers were far lower in high school softball than previously reported values for high school baseball. There were relatively low incidences of shoulder and elbow injuries in high school softball as compared with baseball, with few injuries requiring lengthy time to return to play.

Preseason shoulder rotational isokinetic strength and shoulder injuries in volleyball players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Vedran Hadžić ◽  
Edvin Dervišević ◽  
Primož Pori ◽  
Alen Hadžić ◽  
Tine Sattler
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Isokinetic Testing ◽  
Injury Occurrence ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
National League ◽  
Normal Strength

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff weakness is considered an important risk factor for shoulder injuries in volleyball. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate association of shoulder preseason strength status with shoulder injury occurrence in subsequent season. METHODS: Volleyball players (N= 181; 99 men) from Slovenian 1st and 2nd national league volunteered to participate in this prospective cohort study. Preseason isokinetic testing of the shoulder was conducted at 60∘/s in the concentric mode of contraction over a RoM of 60∘ with five repetitions of internal (IR) and external (ER) rotation. During the subsequent season the players reported shoulders injuries through a weekly questionnaire. RESULTS: During the season we have registered 14 (7.7%) shoulder injuries (10 in men). All injuries affected the dominant shoulder. There was significant preseason weakness of ER and lower ER/IR strength ratio in players with shoulder injury. Normal strength ratio ER/IR was a significant protective factor (Exp (B) = 0.217, 95% C.I. 0.058–0.811) for shoulder injury occurrence when controlled for sex and previous injury. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of systematic strengthening of the external rotators of the shoulder is necessary, especially for male volleyball players, as part of preventive measures for the prevention of shoulder injuries.

Isolated Infraspinatus Atrophy Secondary to Suprascapular Nerve Neuropathy Results in Altered Shoulder Muscles Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuele Contemori ◽  
Andrea Biscarini
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Suprascapular Nerve ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Shoulder Girdle Muscles ◽  
Semg Activity ◽  
Infraspinatus Atrophy

Context: Isolated infraspinatus atrophy (IIA) is a common condition among overhead activity athletes, which affects the hitting shoulder and is caused by suprascapular nerve injury. The loss of infraspinatus function could lead to altered activity of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic (ST) muscles and compromise the optimal shoulder function. Objective: To assess the surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity patterns, relationships, and response latencies of relevant shoulder girdle muscles in professional volleyball players with IIA and in healthy control players. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-four male professional volleyball players (12 players with diagnosed IIA and 12 healthy players) recruited from local volleyball teams. Intervention(s): sEMG activity of anterior, middle, and posterior deltoid; upper, middle, and lower trapezius; and serratus anterior (SA) was recorded and evaluated during a movement of shoulder abduction in the scapular plane, monitored with an optoelectronic motion capture system. Main Outcome Measure(s): sEMG activity, relationships, and response latencies of the selected muscles were analyzed with analysis of variance models to highlight statistical differences within and between groups. Results: Athletes with IIA demonstrated significant higher deltoid and trapezius muscles activity and lower SA activity compared with the contralateral shoulder and healthy athletes. The shoulder with IIA also showed a higher activity ratio between the upper trapezius and other ST muscles in addition to anticipated activation of the upper trapezius and delayed activation of the SA, with regard to the onset of shoulder movement. Conclusions: This study highlighted altered shoulder muscle activity levels, ST muscles imbalances, and abnormal ST recruitment patterns in the hitting shoulder of professional volleyball players with IIA, secondary to suprascapular nerve neuropathy. Such shoulder girdle muscles’ impairments may compromise the optimal scapulohumeral rhythm and function, increasing the risk of acute and overuse shoulder injuries.

79 Maximizing Safe Positioning of Upper Extremities After Axillary Burn Injuries to Prevent Contractures and Maintain Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S51-S51
Author(s):  
Connie Greiser ◽  
David Lorello ◽  
Eric Barto ◽  
S V Gartner ◽  
Dan Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shoulder Range

Abstract Introduction Burns crossing over a joint can result in a contracture of that joint. Axillary burns and subsequent contractures are common and may impact negatively on burn survivor rehabilitation. Positioning of burned extremities at the most lengthened position is ideal for maintenance of function and contracture prevention, 90 degrees of abduction is the most accepted position for axillary burn injuries. However, many activities of daily living require shoulder range of motion (ROM) greater than 90 degrees. The primary objective of this study was to describe and examine the incidence of paresthesia, pain, and intolerance in healthy subjects when the shoulder was placed in a position of 90 degrees or greater of shoulder abduction. Methods The subject’s nondominant upper extremity (NDE) was randomly placed in a series three of positions, including: (1) 90 degrees shoulder abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction with elbow extension, forearm neutral; (2) 130 degrees shoulder abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction, 30 degrees elbow flexion, forearm neutral; (3) 150 degrees shoulder abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction, 30 degrees elbow flexion, forearm neutral. Each position was maintained for a maximum of 2 hours. Subjects experiencing subjective symptoms including paresthesia lasting longer than 1 minute, pain rated greater than 3/10, and/or intolerance 2/5 was removed from the position. All subjects received at least 30 minutes of rest between positions. Results A total of 25 subjects were enrolled, mean age was 25.8 years, the majority were female (60%) and 20% had a history of NDE shoulder injury. The right arm was the dominant extremity (DE) in 88% of subjects. There were no significant differences in ROM between the DE and NDE extremity with the exception of external shoulder rotation, 94.96⁰ vs 84.8⁰ (p=.0142). Average total splint time was 136 minutes with a range of 40 – 360 minutes. Only 1 subject successfully completed all 3 splinting periods. There were 75 individual splinting events over the 3 splinting periods, and 90% of the time the splinting was stopped early. The most common reason for stopping early was paresthesia (88%) followed by pain (7%). Conclusions The positions selected represent the routine and usual care at our burn center. Patients are routinely positioned from hours to days depending on patient need. This study demonstrated that healthy subjects were unable to tolerate positioning for even two hours. Applicability of Research to Practice Additional research is needed to determine optimal positioning for the shoulder joint.

Study of Diabetic Mellitus and Knowledge of Lotion Foot Care on the Community

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariyadi DM ◽  
Athiyah U ◽  
Hendradi E ◽  
Rosita N ◽  
Erawati T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
T Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

The prevention of Diabetic Mellitus (DM) and its complications is the main aim of this study, in addition to the training of lotion foot care application and the development of small scale industry. The research team delivered knowledge in the form of training on Diabetic Mellitus, healthy food, treatment and prevention of complications, and small-scale production of cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between training on diabetic and lotion foot care application as preventive measures against diabetic complications on the patient's blood glucose levels in the community of residents in Banyuurip Jaya, Surabaya. It was expected from this training that the knowledge of the residents increases and people living with diabetic undergo lifestyle changes and therefore blood sugar levels can be controlled. The parameters measured in this research were blood glucose levels, the anti diabetic drug types consumed, and compliance on diabetics. This study used the data taken from 60 patients with DM over a period of one month. Questionnaires and log books was used to retrieve data and changes in blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The results showed the demographic data of patients with type 2 diabetic of 85% female and 15% male, with the range of patients aged of 61-70 years of 46.67% and had history of diabetic (90%). The history of drugs consumed by respondents was anti diabetic drugs such as metformin (40%), glimepiride (33.37%) and insulin (6.67%). In addition, the increased knowledge of DM patients after being given the training compared to before training was shown in several questions in the questionnaire. A statistical analysis using t-test analyzed a correlation between training provided in order to enhance understanding of the patient, as well as correlation with blood glucose levels. A paired T-test showed that there was a relationship between the knowledge of trainees before and after training (p less than 0.05). An interesting result was that there was no relationship between blood glucose levels before and after training provided (p> 0.05).

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