scholarly journals Effect of training on the development of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia in volleyball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Selcen Korkmaz Eryılmaz ◽  
Kerimhan Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Saturation ◽  
Arterial Hypoxemia ◽  
Ventilatory Equivalent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exercise Induced

Background and Study Aim. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of volleyball training on the development of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia during incremental exercise in male competitive volleyball players. Material and Methods.  Eight male amateur volleyball players (age 21±1.3 years) participated in a 6-week volleyball training program three times a week in the pre-season preparatory period. Before and after the training period, all players performed an incremental treadmill test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) was continuously measured using a pulse oximeter during the test. Maximal values of minute ventilation (VEmax), respiratory exchange ratio (RERmax), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2) and carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2) were determined. Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) was defined as a SaO2 decreased by at least 4% (ΔSaO2≤ −4%) from resting level. Results. All the players exhibited exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia before (ΔSaO2= –8.8±3.3%) and after (ΔSaO2= –8.31.5%) the training period. SaO2 was significantly decreased from 97.6±1% at rest to 88.7±2.7% at exhaustion before the training period, and from 97.2±1.1% at rest to 88.8±2.1% at exhaustion after training period (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in resting and lowest SaO2 values by comparison between the before and after training (p > 0.05). There were no significant changes in VO2max, VEmax, RERmax, VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2 after training period (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The results of this study showed that volleyball players with a history of anaerobic training may exhibit EIAH, but that 6-week volleyball training has no effect on the degree of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia.

scholarly journals Speech Outcomes after Tonsillectomy in Patients with Known Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Paulson ◽  
C. J. MacArthur ◽  
K. B. Beaulieu ◽  
J. H. Brockman ◽  
H. A. Milczuk
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency ◽  
Speech Evaluation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

Introduction. Controversy exists over whether tonsillectomy will affect speech in patients with known velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), particularly in those with cleft palate.Methods. All patients seen at the OHSU Doernbecher Children's Hospital VPI clinic between 1997 and 2010 with VPI who underwent tonsillectomy were reviewed. Speech parameters were assessed before and after tonsillectomy. Wilcoxon rank-sum testing was used to evaluate for significance.Results. A total of 46 patients with VPI underwent tonsillectomy during this period. Twenty-three had pre- and postoperative speech evaluation sufficient for analysis. The majority (87%) had a history of cleft palate. Indications for tonsillectomy included obstructive sleep apnea in 11 (48%) and staged tonsillectomy prior to pharyngoplasty in 10 (43%). There was no significant difference between pre- and postoperative speech intelligibility or velopharyngeal competency in this population.Conclusion. In this study, tonsillectomy in patients with VPI did not significantly alter speech intelligibility or velopharyngeal competence.

Varicella Vaccine (VarilRix) in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4436-4436
Author(s):  
Teresa Jackowska Ass ◽  
Robert Wasilewski ◽  
Elzbieta Górska ◽  
Maria Wasik ◽  
Teresa Loch
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: To assess the effectiveness of vaccination against varicella in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: 105 children without a history of varicella, were qualified for immunization against varicella with VARILRIX (Oka-strain varicella vaccine). 48 children had ALL and 57 were healthy. 25 of the children with ALL were receiving maintenance therapy, 23 children were after chemotherapy. Results: White blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, and sub-populations of T- and B-lymphocytes were compared in the healthy and leukemic children before and after vaccination. The ALL children had significantly lower counts of WBC and lymphocytes before vaccination. After vaccination there were no significant differences in the counts of WBC in the healthy and leukemic children. However the ALL children had significantly lower mean counts of lymphocytes. Before vaccination the leukemic children showed a significantly lowered percentage of T-lymphocytes with decreased CD4+ and increased CD8+, what resulted in a lowered CD4 to CD8 ratio. After vaccination, only increased numbers of T CD8+ lymphocytes and a lowered CD4 to CD8 ratio were present while there was no significant difference in CD4. In the healthy and leukemic children alike there was no statistically significant difference between B-lymphocytes (CD 19+) and NK cells. In 10 children (20%), out of the 48 ALL vaccines, varicelliform rash occurred ~1 month after immunization. No adverse effects we observed in healthy children. Seroconversion to varicella-zoster virus was higher in healthy children and ALL children who had skin rash after vaccination. Two ALL children and three healthy ones had varicella one-two years after the vaccination. Those children received only single vaccine doses (double vaccine doses received children above 12 years). Conclusion: Varicella vaccine was safe and immunogenic in leukemic children during maintenance and after chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Comparison of GFAP and HSP27 concentrations in acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise of different duration

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-7
Author(s):  
Robert Stefanus ◽  
Sophie Yolanda ◽  
Radiana D. Antarianto
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Synapse Plasticity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

Background: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and heat shock protein -27 (HSP27) plasma can be used as the parameters of exercise-induced astrocyte reactivity. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends an exercise of 30 minutes or 10 minutes duration (each performing bout accumulated toward 30 minutes). The aim of this study was to compare GFAP and HSP27 plasma concentrations in young adults undergoing acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise of different durations (10 minutes vs 30 minutes).Methods: An experimental study with pre-post design was conducted on 22 participants assigned to either 10 minutes or 30 minutes duration of single bout exercise. Blood sampling was performed before and after the exercise. GFAP and HSP27 plasma levels were measured with ELISA methods. Plasma GFAP and HSP27 levels before and after exercise were analyzed using paired t -test, while GFAP and HSP27 levels after exercise between the two groups were processed using unpaired t-test.Results: Plasma GFAP concentration decreased significantly (0,45 ng/mL) after 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (p<0.05). Plasma HSP27 concentration decreased significantly (1,71 ng/mL) after 10 minutes of aerobic exercise (p<0.05). No significant difference in plasma GFAP and HSP27 concentrations between 10 minutes (GFAP=0.49 ng/mL; HSP27=2.09 ng/mL) and 30 minutes duration of exercise (GFAP=0.45 ng/mL; HSP27=1,71 ng/mL).Conclusion: Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with 10- and 30-minutes duration reduces the reactivity of astrocytes indication the increase of the synapse plasticity. The decrease in GFAP concentration occurred after 30 minutes of exercise and the decrease in HSP27 occurred after 10 minutes of exercise. These results showed that the body responds differently to different treatment duration in order to obtain the same effect on the body.

scholarly journals Nephrolepis exaltata Herbal Mask Increases Nasal IgA Levels and Pulmonary Function in Textile Factory Workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Awal Prasetyo ◽  
Arindra Adi Rahardja ◽  
Dhiva Tsuroya Azzahro ◽  
Ika Pawitra Miranti ◽  
Indah Saraswati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Textile Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
History Of

Background. Chronic occupational exposure in textile workers lowers the pulmonary function and levels of sinonasal IgA. A Nephrolepis exaltata herbal mask can protect the respiratory tract. This study aims to understand the effect of this herbal mask on the IgA levels and pulmonary function in textile workers. Thirty employees were selected for this study. Methods. The pre- and post-test randomized experimental control trials were conducted in a garment industry of Bawen, Semarang, Indonesia. The subjects that qualified to participate (n = 30) fulfilled the inclusion criteria i.e., 20–35 years old, healthy, and willing to be a research subject; and exclusion criteria i.e., having history of alcohol consumption, smoking, history of liver disease, autoimmune disease, cancer, pulmonary and heart disease and/or being pregnant. The subjects were then divided randomly into control group (n = 15), who used regular mask that was rewashed and changed every month for eight weeks, and treatment group (n = 15), who used Nephrolepis exaltata mask that was changed every two days for eight weeks. Pulmonary function tests were carried out using MIR Spirolab III before and after the experiment. IgA levels were measured by nasal wash method using ELISA. Results. IgA levels of the treatment group before and after usage of mask were significantly different (p<0.001) compared to the control group. There were significant difference in FVC of the control group, but no significant difference was observed for FEV1 (p=0.507) and PEF (p=0.001). In the treatment group, all three parameters showed significant differences [FVC (p=0.038), FEV1 (p=0.004), and PEF (p=0.001)]. The means of ΔFVC, ΔFEV1, and ΔPEF were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the treatment group with OR = 5.1 for higher IgA levels. Conclusions. The herbal mask is better in increasing IgA and improving the pulmonary function compared to the regular mask.

scholarly journals The Effects of Dehydration on Metabolic and Neuromuscular Functionality during Cycling

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Alessandro Piras ◽  
Milena Raffi ◽  
Aurelio Trofè ◽  
Monica Perazzolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study aimed to determine the effects of dehydration on metabolic and neuromuscular functionality performance during a cycling exercise. Ten male subjects (age 23.4 ± 2.7 years; body weight 74.6 ± 10.4 kg; height 177.3 ± 4.6 cm) cycled at 65% VO2max for 60 min followed by a time-to-trial (TT) at 95% VO2max, in two different conditions: dehydration (DEH) and hydration (HYD). The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and body weight measurements were performed to assess body fluid changes. Heart rate (HR), energy cost, minute ventilation, oxygen uptake, and metabolic power were evaluated during the experiments. In addition, neuromuscular activity of the vastus medialis and biceps femoris muscles were assessed by surface electromyography. After exercise induced dehydration, the bioimpedance vector significantly lengthens along the major axis of the BIVA graph, in conformity with the body weight change (−2%), that indicates a fluid loss. Metabolic and neuromuscular parameters significantly increased during TT at 95% VO2max with respect to constant workload at 65% of VO2max. Dehydration during a one-hour cycling test and subsequent TT caused a significant increase in HR, while neuromuscular function showed a lower muscle activation in dehydration conditions on both constant workload and on TT. Furthermore, a significant difference between HYD and DEH for TT duration was found.

Resistance Exercise-Induced Myostatin mRNA Expression Before and After a 6-month Strength Training Period

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S10
Author(s):  
Juha J. Hulmi ◽  
Juha P. Ahtiainen ◽  
Vuokko Kovanen ◽  
Tuomas Kaasalainen ◽  
Markku Alen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Study of effect of propranolol, atenolol and celiprolol on exercise induced changes in heart rate, blood pressure and peak expiratory flow rate in healthy human volunteers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 950
Author(s):  
Sumit P. Patel ◽  
Rima B. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Sympathetic Stimulation ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Background: Beta blockers are known to cause attenuation of sympathetic stimulation mediated increase in cardiovascular parameters. Very few studies are available in Indian set-up comparing these changes between different beta blockers available in market. The objective of the study was to compare efficacy and safety of propranolol, atenolol and celiprolol on heart rare, blood pressure and airway resistance, both at rest and during exercise.Methods: A prospective interventional study was carried out involving 72 healthy volunteers in the clinical pharmacology laboratory. Participants were divided in three groups of 24 each and given single oral doses of propranolol 40 mg, Atenolol 50 mg and celiprolol 40 mg was given to the participants. Exercise given in the form of step ladder test and hand grip dynamometer and effect on the different parameters like HR, SBP, DBP and PEFR were recorded before and immediately after exercise and compared.Results: All the three drugs were effective in attenuating the exercise induced cardiovascular parameters (p <0.05). Drug A cause change in HR, SBP, DBP and PEFR significantly (p <0.05). Change in SBP was more significant with drug B while significant difference was found in HR, SBP and DBP before and after exercise in drug C in both SL and HGD tests. No significant difference was found between the drug groups (p >0.05). No adverse effects were reported in the study participants.Conclusions: All the three drugs are effective in attenuating cardiovascular changes after sympathetic stimulation like exercise and there was no significant difference among them.

Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Exercise Performance, VO2max, and Lipid Peroxidation in Trained Cyclists

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Braun ◽  
Priscilla M. Clarkson ◽  
Patty S. Freedson ◽  
Randall L. Kohl
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intense Training ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The effects of dietary supplementation with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQlO), a reputed performance enhancer and antioxidant, on physiological and biochemical parameters were examined. Ten male bicycle racers performed graded cycle ergometry both before and after being given 100 mg per day CoQlO or placebo for 8 weeks. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference between groups for postsupplementation serum CoQ10. Although both groups demonstrated training related improvements in all physiological parameters over the course of the study, there were no significant differences between the two groups (p>.05). Both groups showed a 21 % increase in serum MDA (an index of lipid peroxidation) after the presupplementation exercise test. After 8 weeks this increase was only 5 % , and again was identical for both groups. Supplementation with CoQlO has no measurable effect on cycling performance,, submaximal physiological parameters, or lipid peroxidation. However, chronic intense training seems to result in marked attenuation of exercise-induced lipid peroxidation.

Effect of aerobic training on forced expiratory airflow in exercising asthmatic humans

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 1230-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Haas ◽  
S. Pasierski ◽  
N. Levine ◽  
M. Bishop ◽  
K. Axen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
External Work ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

Pulmonary function after exercise was evaluated in 22 asthmatic subjects before and after a 36-session training sequence of aerobic exercise. Training did not change pulmonary function values, except for a small increase in maximal voluntary ventilation (P less than 0.02), which was attributed to respiratory muscle training. After aerobic training, both external work at a given heart rate and peak O2 consumption increased by 30 and 15%, respectively. At the same minute ventilation (VE), immediate postexercise forced expiratory airflow was higher after training (P less than 0.02), and reduction in forced expiratory airflow during the first 9 min postexercise was less after training (P less than 0.01). The posttraining airflow response to the pretraining work load was, as expected, less than the pretraining response (P less than 0.02). Although the difference in maximal-to-minimal airflow at the same VE was similar before and after training, the airflow increase accounted for 50% of the response after training compared with 16% of the pretraining response. Furthermore the strong negative correlation (P less than 0.01) between maximal and minimal airflow both pre- and posttraining indicates that exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) severity is, in part, determined by the degree of exercise-induced bronchodilation. We conclude that aerobic training significantly increases exercise-induced bronchodilation and diminishes EIB.

The Effectiveness of a Psychoeducational Group Program with Inpatients Being Treated for Chronic Mental Illness

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekiye Cetinkaya Duman ◽  
Nazmiye Kocaman Yildirim ◽  
Alp Ucok ◽  
Filiz Er ◽  
Turkan Kanik
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Chronic Mental Illness ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Medication Effects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Program Content

The aim in this study was to measure the effectiveness of a psychoeducation program with inpatients who had chronic mental illness and a history of repeat hospitalization for this. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the program content was completed by 46 patients before and after they took part in the program. The questionnaire assessed patients' management of the illness, medication effects and side effects, warning signs of relapse, and ways of developing an emergency plan. With the exception of 1 question, there was a significant difference in the number of patients who responded to the items of the questionnaire between the pre- and posttests. The results of the study showed that the patients were able to learn about complex material presented in a short but well-structured training program during a brief typical inpatient stay.

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