scholarly journals Drinking Outcome Expectancies and Normative Perceptions of Students Engaged in University Sport in England

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fran Longstaff ◽  
Nick Heather ◽  
Susan Allsop ◽  
Elizabeth Partington ◽  
Mark Jankowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Sport Drink ◽  
Normative Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
Drinking Outcome

This study examined whether students engaged in university sport have different drinking outcome expectancies and normative beliefs than students who are not engaged in university sport. A cross-sectional survey of university students in England in 2008–2009 was undertaken. A questionnaire battery, including the Drinking Expectancies Questionnaire (DEQ) and a measure of normative beliefs, was completed by 770 students from seven universities across England. Responses from 638 students who were not abstaining from alcohol were analyzed. Students engaged in university sport have significantly higher drinking expectancies of assertion compared with students not engaged in university sport. Moreover, students engaged in university sport consistently report higher personal alcohol consumption and higher perceptions of consumption in those around them than students not engaged in university sport. Both assertion and the perception that students around them drink heavily provide only a partial explanation for why students engaged in university sport drink more than those not engaged in university sport. Further research is required to identify the reasons for heavy drinking among students involved in university sport in England.

scholarly journals STUDENTŲ ALKOHOLIO VARTOJIMO LŪKESČIŲ, SAVIVEIKSMINGUMO, MOTYVŲ IR ALKOHOLIO VARTOJIMO SĄSAJOS

Psichologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 88-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Baltrušaitytė ◽  
L. Bulotaitė
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Alcohol Outcome Expectancies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Straipsnio tikslas – išsiaiškinti studentų lūkesčių, motyvų ir saviveiksmingumo sąsajas su alkoholio var­tojimu. Naudojant alkoholio vartojimo lūkesčių klausimyną, atsisakymo gerti saviveiksmingumo klausi­myną, motyvų vartoti alkoholį klausimyną, motyvų nevartoti alkoholio klausimyną ir alkoholio vartoji­mo įpročių bei problemų anketą buvo apklausti 308 studentai iš 5 Lietuvos universitetų. Gauti rezultatai rodo, kad studentų motyvai vartoti alkoholį ir teigiamų pasekmių lūkesčiai yra teigiamai susiję su al­koholio vartojimo dažnumu, kiekiu ir vartojimo sukeltomis problemomis, o atsisakymo gerti saviveiks­mingumas ir motyvai nevartoti alkoholio dėl abejingumo alkoholiui yra neigiamai susiję su alkoholio vartojimo ypatumais (dažnumu, kiekiu, problemomis). Vyriškoji lytis, stipresni motyvai vartoti alkoholį ir menkesnis saviveiksmingumas prognozuoja didesnius suvartojamo alkoholio kiekius, o dažnesnį alko­holio vartojimą prognozuoja dar ir jaunesnis alkoholio vartojimo pradžios amžius. Didesnį su alkoholio vartojimu susijusių problemų skaičių prognozuoja ne tik gausesnis alkoholio vartojimas, bet ir stipresni motyvai vartoti alkoholį bei silpnesnis saviveiksmingumas. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: alkoholio vartojimas, lūkesčiai, motyvai, saviveiksmingumas.Relationship between Alcohol Outcome Expectancies, Self-Efficacy, Motives and Alcohol Consumption among University StudentsBaltrušaitytė R., Bulotaitė L.  SummaryAlcohol use is widespread among university stu­dents. While searching for the factors associated with drinking, scientists more often acknowledge the importance of various cognitive-motivational vari­ables. It is recommended to consider these variables when developing effective prevention and interven­tion programs. The cognitive-motivational variables examined in this study were: alcohol outcome ex­pectancies, drinking motives, motives for not drink­ing, and drinking refusal self-efficacy. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between alcohol outcome expectancies, motives, self-efficacy and alcohol consumption among Lithuanian univer­sity students. Another aim was to propose and test a meditational model in which alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems are predicted by expect­ancies, motives and self-efficacy. 308 students from five Lithuanian universities participated in this study. All participants completed the Drinking Expectancy Questionnaire – revised (DEQ-r), Drinking Refusal Self-efficacy Questionnaire – revised (DRSEQ-r), Drinking Motives Questionnaire (DMQ), motives for not drinking questionnaire and one more question­naire assessing drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems. The results have shown that the male gen­der, stronger motives to drink and a weaker drink ing refusal self-efficacy predict a larger quantity of alcohol consumed per occasion. More frequent drinking was also predicted by an earlier age of drinking onset. A larger number of alcohol-related problems was predicted not only by the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption, but also by stronger motives to drink and a weaker drinking refusal self-efficacy. The relationship between positive alcohol outcome expectancies and alcohol consumption was medi­ated by motives and drinking refusal self-efficacy. Motives to drink predict alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems directly and indirectly – through self-efficacy. Drinking refusal self-efficacy predicted alcohol consumption directly, and the re­lationship between self-efficacy and alcohol-related problems was mediated by alcohol consumption. Strong positive alcohol outcome expectancies and drinking motives may be considered as potential risk factors for heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems. Strong drinking refusal self-efficacy and strong motives for not drinking because of indiffer­ence toward alcohol may be considered as protective factors against drinking and alcohol-related prob­lems among university students.Keywords: alcohol consumption, expectancies, motives, self-efficacy.15%; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">

scholarly journals Rapid screening for behavioral risk factors in adolescents in North India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3343
Author(s):  
Poonam Banga ◽  
Tarundeep Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
North India ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Habits get established during the transitional age of adolescence making it important to conduct surveillance to detect high risk behaviours at an early age. Feasibility of such a surveillance system was tested for monitoring the risk factors in schools.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected schools of Chandigarh in India, by enrolling 226 students of class V to XII. A pretested structured questionnaire on dietary pattern, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol consumption, drug abuse, mental health, sexual behaviour etc., was administered after ensuring privacy and confidentiality.Results: A total of 226 students with a mean age of 14years (range 10 to 19years) participated in the study. The prevalence of tobacco use was 8%, alcohol consumption was 3%, and drug abuse was 4%. About 47% were involved in a physical fight. Around 7% students were overweight. About 50% of the students skipped breakfast during previous week, and 6% had no intake of fruits and vegetables in last one month. Only 53% reported consistent use of seat belts.Conclusions: Several behavioral risk factors were prevalent among school children in Chandigarh. Behaviour surveillance to monitor trends should be conducted at regular intervals.

scholarly journals Availability restrictions and alcohol consumption: A case of restricted hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kolosnitsyna ◽  
Marat Sitdikov ◽  
Natalia Khorkina
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Kolosnitsyna, M., Sitdikov, M., & Khorkina, N. (2014). Availability restrictions and alcohol consumption: A case of restricted hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(3), 193 – 201. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i3.154Aim: To determine how new restrictions on hours of alcohol retail sales influence alcohol consumption in Russia.Design: Natural experiment with combined regional and micro-data.Setting/Participants: Cross-sectional samples from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, corresponding to waves 18 and 19, years 2009–2010, 32 Russian regions and more than 7,000 adults (aged 15 and up) consuming alcohol at least once per month.Measures: Descriptive analysis of per capita alcohol sales at the regional level and regression analysis of pure spirit consumption at the individual level, controlling for various socioeconomic factors, including sales bans.Findings: We revealed a significant positive correlation between the amount of alcohol consumed and the number of hours of allowed alcohol sales when other factors were controlled. The results gained from analyzing the micro-data were confirmed using the regional sales information. In terms of drinking reduction, sales restrictions in the evening hours seem more efficient than restrictions in the morning hours. Restricted hours of sale do not increase consumption of beer or home-distilled alcohol.Conclusions: Alcohol consumption depends on the hours of sale, all else being equal. Restricting the legal hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions has the potential to reduce consumption levels. These findings indicate a need for a further reduction in sales hours in the regions where heavy drinking is especially widespread.

scholarly journals Tobacco Use and Associated Risk Factors in Burkina Faso: Results from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Bonnechère ◽  
Cissé Kadari ◽  
Millogo Tiéba ◽  
Ouédraogo H. Gautier ◽  
Garanet Franck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Tobacco is a leading preventable cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Studies characterizing the prevalence of tobacco use in low-income countries are lacking. This study describes the prevalence of tobacco use in Burkina Faso and its associated factors. Methods : Data from the 2013 Burkina Faso World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) were analyzed. The prevalence of any tobacco product use, cigarette smoking, and other tobacco use was calculated. Logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with tobacco use. Overall, 4,691 people were included in this analysis. Results: The prevalence of any tobacco use was 19.8% (95% CI: 18.4–21.2). Tobacco use was higher for men (29.2% [27.0–31.5]) than women (11.8% [10.3–13.4]). The prevalence of smoked tobacco was 11.3% (10.3–12.4), with a significantly higher prevalence among men (24.5% [22.1–27.0]) than women (0.1% [0.01–0.3]). The overall prevalence of other tobacco use was 8.9% (7.4–10.7), with lower values for men (5.6% [4.1–7.2]) compared to women (11.7% [9.4–14.1]). Tobacco smoking among men was significantly associated with an increased age and alcohol consumption. The analysis of risk factors for other tobacco use stratified by gender showed that age, education, residence, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with consumption for women, and age and alcohol consumption for men. Conclusion: Tobacco use is common in Burkina Faso. To effectively reduce tobacco use in Burkina Faso, a comprehensive tobacco control program should consider associated factors, such as gender, age, and alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Smartphone Addiction and its Effects on Sub-Health and Insomnia: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Zhiqing Zhou ◽  
Long Huang ◽  
Ergang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chinese Medical Students

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess the Chinese medical students’ smartphone addiction and its effects on sub-health and insomnia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 14 October 2020 to 14 November 2020, by administering an online questionnaire to the students of Wannan Medical College. Results Of 2741 students who completed the survey, 1,447 (52.8%) had smartphone addiction. Don’t like the major(p=0.004),alcohol consumption (p=0.001),bring smartphone to bed(p= 0.000),depression(p=0.000) and anxiety(p=0.000) strong associations of smartphone addiction.The impacts of smartphone addiction on sub-health(p=0.000) and insomnia(p=0.000) are significantly. Conclusion This survey shows that the smartphone addiction detection rate of medical students was 52.8%. Don’t like the major, alcohol consumption,bring smartphone to bed,depression and anxiety students had a higher smartphone addiction detection rate. The sub-health and insomnia of medical students are associated with smartphone addiction.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9189
Author(s):  
Elyse R. Grossman ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon ◽  
Susan Sonnenschein
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Drinking Behaviors ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Linear Regressions

Emerging but limited evidence suggests that alcohol consumption has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed: (1) whether drinking behaviors changed during the pandemic; and, (2) how those changes were impacted by COVID-19-related stress. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years in May 2020. We conducted adjusted linear regressions to assess COVID-19 stress and alcohol consumption, adjusting for gender, race, ethnicity, age, and household income. A total of 832 responded: 84% female, 85% White, and 72% ages 26–49. Participants reported consuming 26.8 alcohol drinks on 12.2 of the past 30 days. One-third of participants (34.1%) reported binge drinking and 7.0% reported extreme binge drinking. Participants who experienced COVID-19-related stress (versus not) reported consuming more drinks (β = 4.7; CI (0.2, 9.1); p = 0.040) and a greater number of days drinking (β = 2.4; CI (0.6, 4.1); p = 0.007). Additionally, 60% reported increased drinking but 13% reported decreased drinking, compared to pre-COVID-19. Reasons for increased drinking included increased stress (45.7%), increased alcohol availability (34.4%), and boredom (30.1%). Participants who reported being stressed by the pandemic consumed more drinks over a greater number of days, which raises concerns from both an individual and public health perspective.

scholarly journals Awareness of alcohol marketing, ownership of alcohol branded merchandise, and the association with alcohol consumption, higher-risk drinking, and drinking susceptibility in adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional survey in the UK

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Critchlow ◽  
Anne Marie MacKintosh ◽  
Christopher Thomas ◽  
Lucie Hooper ◽  
Jyotsna Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol Marketing ◽  
Peer Approval ◽  
Current Drinker ◽  
The Uk ◽  
A Current

ObjectivesTo explore awareness of alcohol marketing and ownership of alcohol branded merchandise in adolescents and young adults in the UK, what factors are associated with awareness and ownership, and what association awareness and ownership have with alcohol consumption, higher-risk drinking and susceptibility.DesignOnline cross-sectional survey conducted during April–May 2017.SettingThe UK.ParticipantsAdolescents and young adults aged 11–19 years in the UK (n=3399).Main outcome measuresAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption (AUDIT-C) (0–12) and indication of higher-risk consumption (>5 AUDIT-C) in current drinkers. Susceptibility to drink (yes/no) in never drinkers.ResultsEighty-two per cent of respondents were aware of at least one form of alcohol marketing in the past month and 17% owned branded merchandise. χ2tests found that awareness of marketing and ownership of branded merchandise varied within drinking variables. For example, higher awareness of alcohol marketing was associated with being a current drinker (χ2=114.04, p<0.001), higher-risk drinking (χ2=85.84, p<0.001), and perceived parental (χ2=63.06, p<0.001) and peer approval of consumption (χ2=73.08, p<0.001). Among current drinkers, multivariate regressions (controlling for demographics and covariates) found that marketing awareness and owning branded merchandise was positively associated with AUDIT-C score and higher-risk consumption. For example, current drinkers reporting medium marketing awareness were twice as likely to be higher-risk drinkers as those reporting low awareness (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.18, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.42, p<0.001). Among never drinkers, respondents who owned branded merchandise were twice as likely to be susceptible to drinking as those who did not (AOR=1.98, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.24, p<0.01).ConclusionsYoung people, above and below the legal purchasing age, are aware of a range of alcohol marketing and almost one in five own alcohol branded merchandise. In current drinkers, alcohol marketing awareness was associated with increased consumption and greater likelihood of higher-risk consumption. In never drinkers, ownership of branded merchandise was associated with susceptibility.

scholarly journals Tobacco use and associated risk factors in Burkina Faso: results from a population-based cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Bonnechère ◽  
Kadari Cissé ◽  
Tiéba Millogo ◽  
Gautier H. Ouédraogo ◽  
Franck Garanet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Tobacco is a leading preventable cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Studies characterizing the prevalence of tobacco use in low-income countries are lacking. This study describes the prevalence of tobacco use in Burkina Faso and its associated factors. Methods Data from the 2013 Burkina Faso World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) were analyzed. The prevalence of any tobacco product use, cigarette smoking, and other tobacco use was calculated. Logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with tobacco use. Overall, 4691 people were included in this analysis. Results The prevalence of any tobacco use was 19.8% (95% CI: 18.4–21.2). Tobacco use was higher for men (29.2% [27.0–31.5]) than women (11.8% [10.3–13.4]). The prevalence of smoked tobacco was 11.3% (10.3–12.4), with a significantly higher prevalence among men (24.5% [22.1–27.0]) than women (0.1% [0.01–0.3]). The overall prevalence of other tobacco use was 8.9% (7.4–10.7), with lower values for men (5.6% [4.1–7.2]) compared to women (11.7% [9.4–14.1]). Tobacco smoking among men was significantly associated with an increased age and alcohol consumption. The analysis of risk factors for other tobacco use stratified by gender showed that age, education, residence, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with consumption for women, and age and alcohol consumption for men. Conclusion Tobacco use is common in Burkina Faso. To effectively reduce tobacco use in Burkina Faso, a comprehensive tobacco control program should consider associated factors, such as gender, age, and alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Do emotions related to alcohol consumption differ by alcohol type? An international cross-sectional survey of emotions associated with alcohol consumption and influence on drink choice in different settings

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Ashton ◽  
Mark A Bellis ◽  
Alisha R Davies ◽  
Karen Hughes ◽  
Adam Winstock
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Alcohol Dependency ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

ObjectivesTo examine the emotions associated with drinking different types of alcohol, explore whether these emotions differ by sociodemographics and alcohol dependency and whether the emotions associated with different drink types influence people’s choice of drinks in different settings.DesignInternational cross-sectional opportunistic survey (Global Drug Survey) using an online anonymous questionnaire in 11 languages promoted through newspapers, magazines and social media from November 2015 to January 2016.Study populationIndividuals aged 18–34 years who reported consumption of beer, spirits, red and white wine in the previous 12 months and were resident in countries with more than 200 respondents (n=21 countries; 29 836 respondents).Main outcome measuresPositive and negative emotions associated with consumption of different alcoholic beverages (energised, relaxed, sexy, confident, tired, aggressive, ill, restless and tearful) over the past 12 months in different settings.ResultsAlcoholic beverages vary in the types of emotions individuals report they elicit, with spirits more frequently eliciting emotional changes of all types. Overall 29.8% of respondents reported feeling aggressive when drinking spirits, compared with only 7.1% when drinking red wine (p<0.001). Women more frequently reported feeling all emotions when drinking alcohol, apart from feelings of aggression. Respondents’ level of alcohol dependency was strongly associated with feeling all emotions, with the likelihood of aggression being significantly higher in possible dependent versus low risk drinkers (adjusted OR 6.4; 95% CI 5.79 to 7.09; p<0.001). The odds of feeling the majority of positive and negative emotions also remained highest among dependent drinkers irrespective of setting.ConclusionUnderstanding emotions associated with alcohol consumption is imperative to addressing alcohol misuse, providing insight into what emotions influence drink choice between different groups in the population. The differences identified between sociodemographic groups and influences on drink choice within different settings will aid future public health practice to further comprehend individuals’ drinking patterns and influence behaviour change.

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