Factors Influencing Bone Mineral Density and Content in Young Girls

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin S. Ondrak ◽  
Don W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Young Girls

The influence of height, body mass, daily physical activity (DPA), and dietary calcium intake (DCI) on bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) was evaluated in 33 four-year-old girls. Results indicated that body mass was significantly correlated with and predictive of BMD and BMC at all sites except the femoral neck BMD. DPA and height also explained a significant proportion of the variance in femoral neck BMD and BMC of the lumbar spine and total body. DCI was not related to or predictive of BMD or BMC at any bone site. These findings highlight the importance of engaging in daily weight-bearing physical activity to promote bone health in young girls.

scholarly journals Sustained Benefits from Previous Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density in Males

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 2600-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nordström ◽  
Tommy Olsson ◽  
Peter Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Young Cohort ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Total Hip

Abstract Context: The effect of physical activity on bone mineral density (BMD) is not well investigated longitudinally after puberty in men. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the effect of exercise and reduced exercise on BMD after puberty in men. Design: We conducted a longitudinal study. Participants: Sixty-three healthy young athletes and 27 male controls, both with a mean age of 17 yr at baseline, participated. Also, 136 of the participants’ parents were investigated to evaluate heritable influences. Main Outcome Measures: Total body, total hip, femoral neck, and humerus BMD (grams per square centimeter) were measured at baseline and after mean periods of 27, 68, and 94 months in the young cohort. Results: BMDs of control parents and athlete parents were equal, suggesting absence of selection bias. The 23 athletes that remained active throughout the study increased BMD at all sites when compared with controls (mean difference, 0.04–0.12 g/cm2; P < 0.05) during the study period. After an average of 3 yr, 27 athletes ended their active careers. Although this group initially lost BMD at the hip compared with active athletes, the former athletes still had higher BMD than controls at the femoral neck (0.12 g/cm2; P = 0.007), total hip (0.11 g/cm2; P = 0.02), and humerus (0.10 g/cm2; P = 0.02) at the final follow-up. Conclusions: High sensitivity to physical loading persists after puberty in men. Reduced physical activity is associated with BMD loss in the first 3 yr in weight-bearing bone. Sustained benefits in BMD are preserved 5 yr after intensive training ends.

scholarly journals Relationship between Body Mass Index and T-Scores of Bone Mineral Density in the Hip and Spine Regions among Older Adults with Diabetes: A Retrospective Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz F. Hariri ◽  
Mohammad N. Almatrafi ◽  
Aws B. Zamka ◽  
Abdullah S. Babaker ◽  
Tariq M. Fallatah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Low Bmi

Diabetes mellitus (DM) cases are increasing worldwide, especially in Saudi Arabia. Previous studies suggested a positive relationship between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) levels. Generally, patients with low BMI (<18.5 kg/m2) have reduced BMD levels and, thus, low T-scores; hence, they are categorized as osteopenic or osteoporotic. In this study, we aimed to determine whether a relationship between BMI and BMD T-scores in the hip and spine regions of patients with diabetes exists. This retrospective record review investigated older adult patients with diabetes in King Abdulaziz University Hospital (n=198; age 50–90 years) who underwent BMD scan between January 1, 2016, and June 25, 2018, regardless of their sex but limited to type 2 DM. The height and weight of all subjects were recorded, and BMI was calculated and categorized. We used SPSS version 21 for data analysis; measures of central tendencies, Pearson’s correlations, chi-square tests, and independent t-tests were employed. We found positive relationships between BMI and BMD T-scores in the hip and spine regions (right femoral neck: R=+0.214, P≤0.002; total right hip: R=+0.912, P≤0.001; left femoral neck: R=+0.939, P≤0.001; total left hip: R=+0.885, P≤0.001; and total lumbar region: R=+0.607, P≤0.001). Low BMI (<18.5 kg/m2) could be a risk factor for osteoporosis, whereas normal/high BMI could be protective against osteoporosis among adults with diabetes.

scholarly journals High Levels of Physical Activity May Promote a Reduction in Bone Mineral Density in Peritoneal Dialysis

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Armando Raimundo ◽  
Zelinda Charrua ◽  
Nuno Batalha ◽  
Catarina Pereira ◽  
Jose Parraca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Mineral Density

Background and objectives: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are expected to present lower levels of physical activity, unhealthy changes at the body composition level, and low levels of strength. Firstly, this study aimed to report the sex differences in physical activity, body composition and muscle strength and the relations among these variables. Secondly, we analyze the relationship between physical activity and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients (13 women and 21 men) participated in this study. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximum isokinetic unilateral strength, analytical parameters and physical activity levels were evaluated. Results: The men showed higher values for weight, height, lean body mass, bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD) and total body water, while women showed higher values for the percentage of fat mass and hydration of lean body mass (p < 0.05). No differences between the sexes were found in different levels of physical activity; however, males registered significantly higher values for isokinetic strength variables except for knee extensor strength. BMD was positively related to sedentary activity and negatively related to moderate and vigorous activity (r = 0.383 and r = −0.404, respectively). Light physical activity was negatively correlated with albumin (r = −0.393) and total protein (r = −0.410) levels, while moderate/vigorous activity was positively correlated with urea distribution volume (r = 0.446) and creatinine clearance (r = 0.359) and negatively correlated with the triglyceride level (r = −0.455). Conclusions: PD patients with higher levels of physical activity present better results in terms of body composition and biochemical parameters. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the relation between physical activity level and BMD.

Lean Body Mass and Weight-Bearing Activity in the Prediction of Bone Mineral Density in Physically Active Men

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Scott Rector ◽  
Robert Rogers ◽  
Meghan Ruebel ◽  
Matthew O Widzer ◽  
Pamela S Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active

Weight-Bearing Physical Activity and Bone Mineral Density Among Women Using Depo-Provera.

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S533
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Otto ◽  
Richard S. Farley ◽  
Jennifer L. Caputo ◽  
Don Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Depo Provera

scholarly journals Total and femoral neck bone mineral density and physical activity in a sample of men and women

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Camhi ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Total Body

Physical activity (PA), total body fat (TBF), and lean body mass (LBM) are associated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, the independent influence of PA on BMD, while controlling for body composition is not understood as well and is the purpose of the current study. Whole-body BMD (g·cm–2), femoral neck BMD (g·cm–2), TBF (kg), and LBM (kg) were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. PA levels (total, work, sport, non-sport) were estimated using the Baecke questionnaire. General linear models determined the independent effects of PA on BMD (whole-body and femoral neck), with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, menopausal status (as appropriate), LBM, and TBF. These associations were also examined by sex and age group (20–34, 35–49, and 50–64 years). The sample included 802 adults (65% women; 13% African American) from the Pennington Center Longitudinal Study that were 20 to 64 years of age (mean ± SD: 46.9 ± 11.0 years). Higher sports scores were associated with higher femoral neck BMD in the total group, men and women, and in 20- to 34-year-olds and 35- to 49-year-olds, but not significant in those 50–64 years of age. Similar significant associations were found for sports score with total body BMD; however, this relationship was not significant for women or for those 50–64 years of age. Total PA had inconsistent relationships with both femoral neck BMD and total body BMD. Higher levels of sport-related PA are associated with higher femoral neck BMD; however, these relationships vary by PA domain and site of BMD measurement.

Phytase supplementation increases bone mineral density, lean body mass and voluntary physical activity in rats fed a low-zinc diet☆

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus G. Scrimgeour ◽  
Louis J. Marchitelli ◽  
Jered S. Whicker ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Emily Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Voluntary Physical Activity

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density and Jumping Height in Pre-Menarcheal and Post-Menarcheal Physically Active Girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Gruodytė ◽  
Toivo Jürimäe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Vertical Jumps

Research background and hypothesis. Jumping ability correlates well with different bone values. The skeletal benefits of high-impact weight-bearing exercise have been shown to be greater when training is started prior to menarche. We hypothesized that significant differences would be apparent in the relationships between bone values and jumping height in favor of the girls’ prior menarche compared to post-menarcheal group. Research aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between jumping height and bone mineral density (BMD) in pre-menarcheal and post-menarcheal physically active girls. Research  methods.  In  total,  113  adolescent  girls  from  different  competitive  extramural  athletic  programs participated in this study. Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD were measured. The heights of vertical jumps (i. e. countermovement jump (CMJ) and rebound jumps for 15 (RJ  15 s) and 30 (RJ  30 s) seconds) were obtained.Research results. After adjusting for major confounders (i. e. age, height, and body mass), the height of rebound jumps correlated only with femoral neck BMD and only in pre-menarcheal group (r = 0.37–0.46; p < 0.05). No correlations were found between BMD variables and jumping height in post-menarcheal girls. The height of CMJ did not correlate with measured BMD variables in the studied groups.Discussion and conclusions. Early puberty is an opportune period to increase bone adaptation to mechanical loading due to the velocity of bone growth and endocrine changes at this time. We suggest that powerful repetitive vertical jumping may be more beneficial to bone health compared to single jumping activities in physically active girls prior to menarche rather than after it.Keywords: bone health, vertical jumps, puberty.

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