Maturity-Associated Variation in Functional Characteristics Of Elite Youth Tennis Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian K. Myburgh ◽  
Sean P. Cumming ◽  
Manuel Coelho E. Silva ◽  
Karl Cooke ◽  
Robert M. Malina
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
Jump Power ◽  
Functional Capacities ◽  
Lower Body Power

Purpose:To evaluate relationships among skeletal maturity, body size, and functional capacities of elite junior tennis players.Methods:Participants were 88 elite British Junior tennis players (44 male; 44 female), 8–16 years of age (12.4 } 1.9 years). Skeletal age estimated maturty. Anthropometry, grip strength, countermovement jump, squat jump, forehand agility, backhand agility, Yo-Yo, 5-m, 10-m and 20-m sprints were measured. Comparative analysis for each sex was performed, relating advanced maturers (Male: 15; Female: 29) to a combination of on-time and late maturers (Male: 29; Female: 31). ANCOVAs were used to determine absolute differences between male and female players and between the 2 maturity subgroups, with chronological age as the covariate.Results:Advanced maturity afforded male players advantages in absolute measures of grip strength, speed, upper and lower body power but not in acceleration, agility or aerobic endurance. Male players were significantly taller than females in the U13-U16 age group. Advanced maturity in female players afforded advantages in absolute measures of grip strength, agility and overhead power, but not in backhand agility, aerobic endurance or squat jump power.Conclusion:It is important that talent identification protocols consider the maturity of youth athletes to more satisfactorily address athletic potential rather than transient physical capabilities.

scholarly journals The Effect of Predeparture Training Loads on Posttour Physical Capacities in High-Performance Junior Tennis Players

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 986-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair P. Murphy ◽  
Rob Duffield ◽  
Aaron Kellett ◽  
Dani Gescheit ◽  
Machar Reid
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
Physical Capacities ◽  
Physical Preparation

Purpose:Difficulties in preserving physical capacities while on tennis tours necessitate targeted training prescription. This study analyzed training and match loads performed before and on tour for their relationship with posttour physical-capacity changes. A secondary aim was to determine whether the presence of a strength and conditioning (S&C) coach affected the type and volume of on-tour training load.Methods:The training and match loads of 30 high-performance junior tennis players were recorded over 8 wk: 4 wk before and 4 wk during an international tour. Fitness tests were conducted pretour and posttour, including double and single-leg (dominant and nondominant) countermovement jump, speed (5, 10, and 20 m), modified 5-0-5 agility, 10 × 20-m repeated-sprint ability, and multistage fitness tests. Tour training and match loads were categorized according to whether S&C support was present or absent.Results:Total and tennis training loads were significantly greater on tour than pretour (P ≤ .05, d > 0.8). Increases in on-tour, on-court training loads were moderately correlated with decrements in speed and aerobic power (r = .31-.52). Finally, S&C presence on tour significantly increased total, on-court, and off-court training load completed (P ≤ .05, d > 0.8).Conclusions:Training loads should be carefully prescribed to ensure that sufficient total and tennis loads are completed pretour. Specifically, speed and aerobic capacities may regress with increased training on tour. Finally, a practical observation was that on-tour S&C support resulted in increased S&C training load (around match loads), potentially countering the observed regression of physical capacities. Such a finding has the capacity to alter current physical-preparation structures in high-performance tennis environments with finite resources.

A Longitudinal Study of Physical Fitness in Elite Junior Tennis Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kramer ◽  
Barbara C.H. Huijgen ◽  
Marije T. Elferink-Gemser ◽  
Chris Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Talent Development ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lower Body Power

Purpose:To analyze how physical fitness (PF) improves in elite junior tennis players related to age, maturity, and performance level.Methods:Elite junior tennis players (n = 113 boys, n = 83 girls) divided by performance level were monitored longitudinally from U14 to U16. Maturity, upper and lower-body power, speed, and agility were measured during subsequent competitive seasons. Improvement was analyzed per sex using multilevel analysis.Results:PF components for boys and girls improved over age (U14-U16) (ES .53–.97). In boys, the more mature boys outscored the less mature boys in upper and lower-body power from U14-U16. In girls, high-ranked girls outscored lower-ranked girls on lower-body power, speed, and agility (U14-U16) (p < .05).Conclusion:Boys and girls improved on all PF components during U14-U16. In boys, power was related to maturity. In girls, lower-body power, speed, and agility were related to tennis performance. This has important implications for talent development.

Comparisons Of Countermovement Jump Force Profiles In Youth Athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary M. Gillen ◽  
Malachy P. McHugh ◽  
Marni E. Shoemaker ◽  
Joel T. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Force Profiles

scholarly journals Muscular Strength Spurts in Adolescent Male Basketball Players: The INEX Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
José A. R. Maia ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Filipa Sousa ◽  
Eduardo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Medicine Ball

Although successful performance in basketball requires high levels of muscular strength during adolescence, its development is confounded by the effects of normal growth. We examine the timing, intensity and sequence of muscular strength according to biological age (years from peak height velocity (PHV)) and hypothesize that young basketball players attain their peak muscular strength spurts around PHV. A total of 160 adolescent male basketballers, aged 11–15 years, were followed bi-annually over 3 consecutive years. The years from attainment of PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) were estimated and five muscular strength measures (sit-ups, handgrip, seated medicine ball throw, squat jump and countermovement jump) were aligned to years from PHV in 3-month intervals. Strength velocities were estimated using a non-smooth mathematical model. The mean ages at-PHV and at-PWV were 13.90 ± 1.40 years and 13.90 ± 1.79 years, respectively. Maximal velocity in sit-ups was attained 6 months prior to attainment of PHV (intensity = 10.69 repetitions·year−1), whereas maximal velocity in squat jump occurred 6 months after-PHV (intensity = 3.93 cm·year−1). Handgrip strength, seated medicine ball throw and countermovement jump maximal velocity peaked at-PHV (intensity = 8.47 kgf·year−1, intensity = 0.75 m·year−1, intensity = 5.59 cm·year−1, respectively). In general, maximal velocity spurts did not differ in their timing, with the velocities reaching a peak concurrent with PHV and PWV or within 6 months of its attainment. Basketball coaches, as well as strength and conditioning trainers, should consider individual differences in strength development and be aware of rapid periods of growth in stature when planning and designing muscular strength training regimes.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Neuromuscular, Haematological and Urinary Responses during Padel Matches

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5864
Author(s):  
Francisco Pradas ◽  
Alejandro García-Giménez ◽  
Víctor Toro-Román ◽  
Nicolae Ochiana ◽  
Carlos Castellar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level

Research on the acute physiological response to a padel match is limited. The present study aimed to: (a) evaluate neuromuscular, urinary, and hematological responses after simulated padel competition (SC) and (b) analyze possible gender differences. In this study, 28 high-level padel players participated (men = 13, age = 26.83 ± 6.57 years; women = 15, age = 30.07 ± 4.36 years). The following parameters were analyzed before and after SC: neuromuscular (hand grip strength, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and Abalakov jump (ABK)), hematological (red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit), and urinary (pH, specific gravity, microalbuminuria, and red blood cells). Significant gender differences were found in neuromuscular and hematological responses, with men obtaining higher values (p < 0.05). For the SC influence, changes were noted in ABK and microalbuminuria (p < 0.05). The percentages of change in hand grip strength, SJ (height and watts), CMJ (height), and ABK (height) were higher for men than women (p < 0.05). SC negatively influenced the neuromuscular parameters to a greater extent in women. Our results could be related to gender differences in game actions, the temporal structure, and anthropometric and physiological characteristics. Game dynamics and a different organic response between male and female padel playing were confirmed.

scholarly journals PETTLEP imagery and tennis service performance: an applied investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafih Cherappurath ◽  
Masilamani Elayaraja ◽  
Dilshith A. Kabeer ◽  
Amila Anjum ◽  
Paris Vogazianos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Imagery Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Junior Tennis

AbstractTennis is one of the most popular and widely played sports enjoyed by players of different age groups and genders as a profession as well as a mode of recreation. A novel method, PETTLEP imagery combines both conventional and non-conventional style of training of an athlete and improves one’s performance. This study aimed to analyze the tennis service performance of junior tennis players based on PETTLEP imagery training. Forty-four junior male tennis players (Mage=13.22 years, SD=0.42) were selected for the study. The investigator handed over the MIQ-R questionnaire to all the participants in which they scored 16 and above points as per previous research. The participants were equally divided (n=11) into three experimental groups (E1, E2, and E3) and a control group. The service performance outcomes of all the players were compared before and after a training session. The three experimental groups were assigned with service-specific training, service-specific training combined with PETTLEP imagery training, and PETTLEP imagery training alone, respectively, for three days per week for 12 weeks. They were tested on their service accuracy based on the International tennis number (ITN) manual on-court assessment test. The data were assessed for normality and analyzed using non-parametric methods to reveal main effects (each training method alone) as well as to calculate the combined effect of PETTLEP and service-specific training. Certain significant improvements in tennis service were observed with service-specific training alone. Though it marginally outperformed the PETTLEP imagery method, the most improved services were observed with both PETTLEP and service-specific training utilized together. This implies an additive effect when both methods are used together.

scholarly journals A Training Proposal to Improve Multidirectional Running Technique in Male and Female Handball Players: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2056
Author(s):  
Carmen Ferragut ◽  
Román Pedreira ◽  
José Julio Espina ◽  
Helena Vila
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Multidirectional running has been described as an important factor in team sports performance. The aim of the present study was to determine changes in T-test, 505 time, 10 m sprint, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), countermovement jump right leg (CMJRL), and countermovement jump left leg (CMJLL) following exposure to 12 sessions over 4 weeks of a multidirectional running sprint training intervention in male and female handball players. A total of 31 handball players (15 male and 16 female) were recruited for this study and then randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG) or control group (CG). Male EG players showed improvements in 505 Preferred Side (PS) (p ≤ 0.05), 505 Non-Preferred Side (NPS) (p ≤ 0.05), and 10 m sprint (p ≤ 0.05), while female EG players presented statistically significant improvements between pre- and post-test for the T-test (p ≤ 0.05), 505 PS (p ≤ 0.05), 505 NPS (p ≤ 0.05), and 10 m sprint (p ≤ 0.05). No statistically significant pre- and post-test differences were observed in CG (all p ≥ 0.05) or between male and female players. We found an improvement in handball players’ agility and speed of movement following the intervention protocol, suggesting the need to introduce this program into our training sessions. It may also be necessary to select and develop more specific tests in order to evaluate multidirectional work in handball players.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Unilateral Activity on Bone Mineral Density of Female Junior Tennis Players

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Haapasalo ◽  
Pekka Kannus ◽  
Harri Sievänen ◽  
Matti Pasanen ◽  
Kirsti Uusi-Rasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Junior Tennis

Acute consumption of p-synephrine does not enhance performance in sprint athletes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín ◽  
Juan José Salinero ◽  
Javier Abían-Vicen ◽  
Francisco Areces ◽  
Beatriz Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Placebo Control Trial ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
The Hours

P-Synephrine is a protoalkaloid widely used as an ergogenic aid in sports. This substance has been included in the World Anti-Doping Agency monitoring program, although scientific information about its effects on performance and athletes’ well-being is scarce. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of p-synephrine to increase performance in sprint athletes. In a randomized and counterbalanced order, 13 experienced sprinters performed 2 acute experimental trials after the ingestion of p-synephrine (3 mg·kg−1) or after the ingestion of a placebo (control trial). Forty-five minutes after the ingestion of the substances, the sprinters performed a squat jump, a countermovement jump, a 15-s repeated jump test, and subsequently performed 60-m and 100-m simulated sprint competitions. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess side-effect prevalence. In comparison with the control trial, the ingestion of p-synephrine did not change countermovement jump height (37.4 ± 4.2 vs 36.7 ± 3.3 cm, respectively; P = 0.52), squat jump height (34.4 ± 3.6 vs 33.9 ± 3.7 cm; P = 0.34), or average 15-s repeated jumps height (31.8 ± 4.1 vs 32.2 ± 3.6 cm; P = 0.18). P-Synephrine did not modify maximal running speed during the 60-m (9.0 ± 0.5 vs 9.0 ± 0.4 m·s−1, respectively; P = 0.55) and 100-m sprint competitions (8.8 ± 0.5 vs 8.8 ± 0.5 m·s−1, respectively; P = 0.92). The ingestion of p-synephrine did not alter the prevalence of headache, gastrointestinal discomforts, muscle pain, or insomnia during the hours following the tests. Acute consumption of 3 mg·kg−1 of p-synephrine was ineffective to increase performance in competitive sprint athletes. Moreover, p-synephrine did not increase the occurrence of side effects after the competition.

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