scholarly journals Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on the Vascular and Autonomic Components of the Baroreflex at Rest in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ricardo S. Oliveira ◽  
Alan R. Barker ◽  
Sascha H. Kranen ◽  
Florian Debras ◽  
Craig A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Purpose: In a sample of healthy adolescents, the authors aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) training and detraining on baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and it’s vascular and autonomic components at rest. Methods: Nineteen volunteers were randomly allocated to (1) 4 weeks HIIE training performed 3 times per week or (2) a control condition with no intervention for the same duration as HIIE training. PRE, POST, and following 2 weeks of detraining resting supine heart rate and blood pressure were measured, and a cross-spectral method (integrated gain [gain in low frequency]) was used to determine BRS gain. Arterial compliance (AC) was assessed as the BRS vascular component. LFgain divided by AC (LFgain/AC) was used as the autonomic determinant of BRS. Results: The HIIE training was completed with 100% compliance. HIIE did not change resting gain in low frequency (LFgain) (P = .66; effect size = 0.21), AC (P = .44; effect size = 0.36), or LFgain/AC (P = .68; effect size = 0.19) compared to control. Conclusion: Four weeks of HIIE training does not change BRS and its autonomic and vascular determinant in a sample of healthy adolescents at rest.

High-intensity interval exercise induces 24-h energy expenditure similar to traditional endurance exercise despite reduced time commitment

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Skelly ◽  
Patricia C. Andrews ◽  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Brian J. Martin ◽  
Michael E. Percival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Time Commitment ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Subjects performed high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (END) to evaluate 24-h oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption during HIIT was lower versus END; however, total oxygen consumption over 24 h was similar. These data demonstrate that HIIT and END induce similar 24-h energy expenditure, which may explain the comparable changes in body composition reported despite lower total training volume and time commitment.

School-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Programs for Promoting Physical Activity and Fitness in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
André Filipe Paulino da Silva Bento ◽  
Luis Carrasco Páez ◽  
Armando Manuel de Mendonça Raimundo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Effect Size ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the utility of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) programs integrated into physical education classes. Method: Searches of electronic databases from January 2008 to March 2020. Inclusion criteria: Applied to adolescents aged 10–19 years; applied in school settings; reported results on physical fitness, physical activity (PA), and motivation; at least for 4 weeks; and randomized controlled trials. Studies with adolescents with physical or intellectual limitations were excluded, as well as other interventions parallel to HIIT. Results: Fourteen studies were included. All works present significant improvements in physical fitness and PA. Improvements in body composition recorded, at most, a moderate effect size. HIIT is presented as a powerful stimulus on cardiorespiratory fitness. Improvements in PA registered, a least, a moderate effect size. Conclusions: HIIT in the school context has great potential in improving physical fitness and PA in adolescents. HIIT efficiency (about 10 min) reflects the wide applicability that these protocols can have in physical education classes and great adaptation to the facilities.

scholarly journals Effect of 8 weeks high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with and without caloric restriction on gene expression of myocardial Bax and Bcl2 in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Zarali ◽  
Zaher Etemad ◽  
Kamal Azizbeigi ◽  
Pouran Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Apoptosis is the physiological cell death that in natural conditions leads to the elimination of old, damaged, waste, and harmful cells. The aim of this study was the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with and without caloric restriction on gene expression of myocardial Bax and Bcl2 in mice. Methods: Present study was an experimental multi-group design with a control group conducted on 30 two-month old male mice. Subjects were divided into five homogenous groups including base control, control, caloric restriction, interval exercise training, and caloric restriction + interval exercise training. Training groups participated in interval exercise training five sessions per week for 8 weeks. The level of gene expression of myocardial Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA at the level of (P<0.05). Results: The results showed that the training group had a significant increase in gene expression of myocardial Bcl2 in comparison with caloric restriction + exercise training (P<0.05) and a significant decrease in gene expression of myocardial Bax compared to the caloric restriction group (P<0.05). Also, exercise training and exercise training + caloric restriction significantly increased the gene expression of myocardial Bcl2 and significantly decreased Bax/Bcl2 ratio compared to caloric restriction, base control, and control (P< 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that high-intensity interval training without caloric restriction would provide a suitable environment for increasing the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane of myocardial cells and possibly apoptosis.

scholarly journals Effect of 8 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) With and Without Calorie Restriction on Gene Expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 Proteins in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-313
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Zarali ◽  
◽  
Zaher Etemad ◽  
Kamal Azizbeigi ◽  
Pouran Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
And Control

Background and Aim Apoptosis or programmed death is active biological process and reversible that the balance between growth and cell death in various tissues, particularly myocardial tissue is essential role. The aim of this study was the effect of 8 weeks High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) with and without food restriction on gene expression of Caspase 3 and 9 in rats. Methods & Materials: This study was experimental multi group design with control group which conducted on 30 rats with two months old male. Subjects were divided in to five homogenous groups including base control, control, caloric restriction, interval exercise training and caloric restriction+interval exercise training. Training groups five sessions in weeks were participated in interval exercise training for 8 weeks. The level of gene expression of the proteins Caspase 3 and 9 was evaluated by Real Time-PCR. Dates were analyzed using the 1-way ANOVA at the level of (P<0.05). Ethical Considerations: The protocol of this study was approved by the Medical Committee of Sanandaj University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MYK.REC.1397.5022). Results: The results showed that the training group had a significant decrease in gene expression of Caspase 3 in comparison with caloric restriction+exercise training (P<0.05). Also, exercise training and exercise training+caloric restriction significantly decrease in the gene expression of Caspase 9 compared to caloric restriction, base control and control (P<0.05) and significantly decrease in the gene expression of Caspase 3 compared to base control and control (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that high intensity interval training with and without calorie restriction provides the necessary adaptations to inhibit or stop apoptosis induced by aerobic exercise. 

Feasibility and Provisional Efficacy of Embedding High-Intensity Interval Training Into Physical Education Lessons: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nigel Harris ◽  
Isaac Warbrick ◽  
Denise Atkins ◽  
Alain Vandal ◽  
Lindsay Plank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of generalist school teachers delivering curriculum connected high-intensity interval training in a school’s physical education class time. Method: Two schools volunteered to participate. A total of 84 students (11.9 [0.5] y, M = 64 and F = 19) volunteered to participate. Four classes from 2 schools were randomized to either intervention (n = 53) or control (n = 31) for one school term (8 wk). Intervention class teachers participated in a 1-day workshop instructing them how to deliver twice weekly, high-intensity interval training sessions. The control classes continued with their usual physical education curriculum. Recruitment, intervention fidelity, and program satisfaction were assessed. Preliminary efficacy (primary outcome cardiorespiratory fitness) was quantified using generalized linear mixed models, expressed as effect size. A range of secondary outcomes was also assessed. Results: The recruitment rate was 88%. About 84% of the sessions were delivered. The heart rate peak over all sessions was 89.6% (13%) of the predicted maximum. The intervention teachers reported high levels of satisfaction. Almost all student participants were positive about participating. No adverse events occurred. The adjusted between-group difference for cardiorespiratory fitness was trivial (effect size 0.02). Conclusions: This teacher-delivered high-intensity interval training program was feasible and acceptable to both teachers and student participants. It is therefore potentially scalable.

Affective and Enjoyment Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training in Overweight-to-Obese and Insufficiently Active Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nic Martinez ◽  
Marcus W. Kilpatrick ◽  
Kristen Salomon ◽  
Mary E. Jung ◽  
Jonathan P. Little
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Physiological Benefits ◽  
Active Adults

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has many known physiological benefits, but research investigating the psychological aspects of this training is limited. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the affective and enjoyment responses to continuous and high-intensity interval exercise sessions. Twenty overweight-to-obese, insufficiently active adults completed four counterbalanced trials: a 20-min trial of heavy continuous exercise and three 24-min HIIT trials that used 30-s, 60-s, and 120-s intervals. Affect declined during all trials (p < .05), but affect at the completion of trials was more positive in the shorter interval trials (p < .05). Enjoyment declined in the 120-s interval and heavy continuous conditions only (p < .05). Postexercise enjoyment was higher in the 60-s trial than in the 120-s trial and heavy continuous condition (p < .05). Findings suggest that pleasure and enjoyment are higher during shorter interval trials than during a longer interval or heavy continuous exercise.

scholarly journals Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Cao ◽  
Minghui Quan ◽  
Jie Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can lead to substantial health benefits. Comparisons between high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on CRF for children and adolescents are inconsistent and inconclusive. The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to compare the effects between HIIT and MICT on CRF in children and adolescents. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify relevant articles. The standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to determine the pooled effect size of HIIT and MICT on CRF. A total of 563 subjects from 17 studies (18 effects) were identified. The pooled effect size was 0.51 (95% CI = 0.33–0.69) comparing HIIT to MICT. Moreover, intervention duration, exercise modality, work and rest ratio, and total bouts did not significantly modify the effect of HIIT on CRF. It is concluded that compared with endurance training, HIIT has greater improvements on cardiorespiratory fitness among children and adolescents.

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