Inter-Relationships Among Physical Activity, Body Fat, and Motor Performance in 6- to 8-Year-Old Danish Children

This study examined the interrelationships among physical activity (PA), percent body fat (%BF), and motor performance (MP) in 498 6- to 8-year-old Danish children. PA was assessed by accelerometer, %BF was calculated from skinfolds, and the Koordinations Test für Kinder along with a throwing accuracy test was used to assess MP. PA was not correlated with %BF, but was significantly correlated with MP. The strongest correlations existed between %BF and MP. Low %BF/High PA had higher MP scores compared with High %BF/Low PA, and within the High %BF groups MP was higher in the High PA versus Low PA group. When comparing PA by %BF and MP groups, boys in the Low %BF/High MP had higher PA than both the Low %BF/Low MP and High %BF/Low MP groups. In girls, PA was highest in the High %BF/High MP group. This study highlights the complex interrelationships among PA, %BF, and MP in children and the need to develop fundamental motor skills during childhood.

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Effect of Physical Activity Programs on Fundamental Motor Skills for Students with Developmental Disabilities

Korean Journal of Sport Studies ◽

10.23949/kjpe.2017.01.56.1.61 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 819-835

Author(s):

Jiwun Yoon ◽

Jae-Hyeon Park

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Developmental Disabilities ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Fundamental Motor Skills ◽

Physical Activity Programs

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A brief review on motor development: fundamental motor skills as a basis for motor skill learning

Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior ◽

10.20338/bjmb.v15i5.257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 342-355

Author(s):

Rodolfo N. Benda ◽

Nádia F. S. Marinho ◽

Marcelo G. Duarte ◽

Patrick C. Ribeiro-Silva ◽

Paloma R. Ortigas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Development Process ◽

Skill Learning ◽

Motor Skill Learning ◽

Motor Competence ◽

Fundamental Motor Skills ◽

Motor Activities ◽

The Relationship

In this study, we review the relationship between motor development and motor learning, and present a new metaphor that represents the sequence of motor development, which highlights fundamental motor skills as an important phase in the process. As one of the most relevant phases of motor development, several studies that analyzed fundamental motor skills were reviewed in typical developing children as well as in children with disabilities. Most studies revealed motor performance levels below expected since proficiency was not observed. We discuss these results considering fundamental motor skills as essential for the motor development process. Such results raise the awareness of the need to offer children conditions to explore and experience motor activities in order to enhance motor competence.

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HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DENGAN TINGKAT DISMENORE PADA REMAJA

Journal of Nutrition College ◽

10.14710/jnc.v6i4.18249 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 268

Author(s):

Famimah Famimah ◽

Ani Margawati ◽

Deny Yudi Fitranti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Fat ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Numerical Rating Scale ◽

Percent Body Fat ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain was a gynecological complaint due to an imbalance of progesterone in the blood resulting in pain. A woman with dysmenorrhea should consume food rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as fish oil, fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring), soybeans and fruits. Low fish consumption was related with severity of dysmenorrhea. In addition, physical activity and percent body fat were also associated with severity of dysmenorrhea.Objective : To determine the correlation between consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, physical activity and percent body fat to the classification of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.Methods : Cross sectional study of 90 adolescentsselected by purposive sampling. This research was conducted in SMA N 15 and SMA N 9 Semarang. Menstrual history was measured by direct interviews and level of dysmenorrhea was measured using Numerical Rating Scale Questionnaire. Omega-3 fatty acids were measured using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and analyzed using a nutritional software program. Physical activity was measured using A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Percent body fat was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed by Independent T test/Mann Whitney. Result : There were significant correlation in omega-3 fatty acid (p= 0,015), and percent body fat (p= 0,026). While in physical activity there was no significant correlation (p= 0,394).Conclusion : Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and percent body fat were associated with the classification of dysmenorrhea.

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Motor skills in association with physical activity, sedentary time, body fat, and day care attendance in 5-6-year-old children-The STEPS Study

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports ◽

10.1111/sms.13264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 2668-2676 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tanja Matarma ◽

Hanna Lagström ◽

Saija Hurme ◽

Tuija H Tammelin ◽

Janne Kulmala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Fat ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Day Care ◽

Sedentary Time

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Abstract MP028: Physical Activity Relates to Lower Visceral Adiposity in Children and Adolescents

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.amp028 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Amanda E Staiano ◽

Stephanie T Broyles ◽

Alok K Gupta ◽

Peter T Katzmarzyk

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Body Fat ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Self Report ◽

Percent Body Fat ◽

Lower Body ◽

Body Fat Percent

Introduction: Expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) associates with adverse metabolic changes. While regular moderate-to-vigorous activity is associated with lower total body fat in children and adolescents, it is unknown how physical activity relates to other adiposity indices, including VAT. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that regular physical activity in children and adolescents associates with lower body fat, percent body fat, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and VAT. Methods: The sample included 393 boys and girls aged 5–18 years (45.6% White, 50.6% African American, and 3.8% Other). Body fat and percent body fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Abdominal SAT and VAT mass were measured by magnetic resonance imaging between the highest point of the liver and the lower pole of the right kidney (using 5 to 8 cross-sectional slices, 4.76 cm apart). Participants were categorized as being regularly active by self-report: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of ≥ 60 minutes/day, ≥ 4 days/week. Those who were physically active fewer than 4 days/week were categorized as not regularly active. Results: In this sample of children and adolescents, 45.6% of participants were regularly active. One-way ANCOVAs adjusted for age and sex demonstrated that regularly active youth had significantly less body fat (p<0.01) and lower percent body fat (p<0.01) than those who were not regularly active. One-way ANCOVAs adjusted for age, gender, and body fat, revealed that regularly active children and adolescents had no difference in SAT but had significantly lower amounts of VAT (p<0.05) when compared to those who were not regularly active. Conclusion: Engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 60 minutes on four or more days of the week in children and adolescents was related to lower body fat, percent body fat and VAT, when compared to those youth who were less active. The promotion of regular physical activity has significant public health implications for body fat accumulation and for controlling excess VAT during childhood and adolescence.

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Bi-directional prospective associations between objectively measured physical activity and fundamental motor skills in children: a two-year follow-up

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-019-0902-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ada Kristine Ofrim Nilsen ◽

Sigmund Alfred Anderssen ◽

Kjersti Johannessen ◽

Katrine Nyvoll Aadland ◽

Einar Ylvisaaker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Children ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Object Control ◽

Fundamental Motor Skills

Abstract Background The direction of the longitudinal relationship between physical activity (PA) and fundamental motor skills (FMS) remains unclear. We evaluated the bi-directional, prospective relationships between intensity-specific physical activity (PA) and domain-specific fundamental motor skills (FMS) over 2 years in children attending preschool at baseline. Methods A sample of 230 children (mean age at baseline 4.7 yr, 52% boys) from the 'Sogn og Fjordane Preschool Physical Activity Study' was measured 2 years apart. PA was assessed using ActiGraph accelerometers (GT3X+). FMS were evaluated by a test battery guided by the 'Test of Gross Motor Development 3' and the 'Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale'. PA outcomes were total PA (TPA [counts per minute]) and intensity specific PA and sedentary behaviour (SED) (min/day). FMS outcomes were locomotor, object control, and balance skills. Linear mixed model adjusting for potential co-variates was used to evaluate the bi-directional prospective associations between these variables, including the moderating effect of sex and age. Results Baseline total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and vigorous PA predicted higher locomotor, object control, and balance skills at follow-up (standardized regression coefficient (β): 0.17 to 0.26, p = 0.002–0.017). Baseline SED predicted lower locomotor skills at follow-up (β: − 0.27, p = 0.012). Baseline light PA did not predict FMS at follow-up. Baseline FMS were not associated with PA or SED at follow-up. Conclusions MVPA was positively associated with development of FMS in young children. In contrast, FMS were not related to future PA levels. Our results suggest promotion of MVPA is important for FMS development in young children.

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