Gender, Sexual, and Sports Fan Identities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rachel Allison ◽  
Chris Knoester
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Sports Fandom ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sports Fan

Using data from the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 3,988), this study analyzes associations between gender, sexual, and sports fan identities. The authors find that only 11% of U.S. adults do not identify as sports fans at all; also, nearly half of U.S. adults identify as quite passionate sports fans. Women and nonbinary adults are less likely to identify as strong sports fans compared with men. Compared with identifying as heterosexual, identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or another sexual identity is negatively associated with self-identified sports fandom. Yet, gender and sexuality interact such that identifying as gay (or lesbian) is negatively associated with men’s self-identified sports fandom but not women’s fandom. These findings persist even after consideration of adults’ retrospective accounts of their sports-related identities while growing up and their recognition of sports-related mistreatment.

“It’s Supposed to be About the Love of the Game, not the Love of Aaron Rodgers’ Eyes”: Challenging the Exclusions of Women Sports Fans

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn Esmonde ◽  
Cheryl Cooky ◽  
David L. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Third Wave ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sports Fandom ◽  
Fan Communities ◽  
Women’S Sports ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Dominant Discourses ◽  
Male Superiority ◽  
Sports Fan

Feminist sports scholars characterize sport as a masculine domain wherein the ideology of male superiority and dominance is structurally and symbolically perpetuated. Researchers similarly identify sports fan communities as exclusionary to women and sites for the reaffirmation of gendered hierarchies. The purpose of this project is to examine the gendered meanings of sports fandom. Using semistructured interviews with eleven women who identify as fans of sports at the institutional center, we find the narratives illustrate the complex ways women define themselves in to, or define themselves out of, dominant discourses of sports fandom. The third wave feminist sensibilities employed in our analysis, and in the narrative experiences of our participants, compel us to recognize and struggle with the seeming contradictions of women sports fans. By giving voice to women sports fans, we offer a feminist intervention into the exclusionary processes that marginalize women’s sports fans.

scholarly journals Maternal drinking and smoking. Can it explain the exceptional academic performance of LBOTE children? A preliminary analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa Gibson ◽  
Melanie Porter
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
English Language ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
National Assessment ◽  
Language Background ◽  
Maternal Alcohol ◽  
Assessment Program ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objective Although children from language backgrounds other than English (LBOTE) may be disadvantaged in English-reliant exams, they outperform children from an English language background (ELB) on many Australian National Assessment Program–Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) assessments. Maternal alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding have been associated with poorer cognitive and academic performance. Using data from the Growing Up in Australia Study, this paper aimed to identify demographic, lifestyle, and prenatal and perinatal risk differences related to maternal tobacco and alcohol use between LBOTE and ELB groups, as a first step in trying to understand the academic performance differences. Results Only data from breastfed babies was included in the current analyses. Although LBOTE children were disadvantaged in several demographic areas, their NAPLAN performance was the same or superior to ELB children across all Grade 3 and 5 NAPLAN assessments. The LBOTE group were, however, breastfed for longer, and their mothers smoked fewer cigarettes and drank less alcohol on fewer occasions throughout their pregnancy. The LBOTE mothers also had lower or less risky patterns of alcohol consumption while breastfeeding. The longer breastfeeding duration of LBOTE children combined with lower maternal use of alcohol and cigarettes during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding may partially contribute to their exceptional NAPLAN performance.

All change please: education, mobility and habitus dislocation

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Jill Wilkens
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Bisexual Women ◽  
Affinity Groups ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Positive Ageing

This chapter examines the intersection of ageing, gender, class and sexual identity, and highlights the significance of same-sexuality social groups for older lesbians and bisexual women. Interviews with 35 women aged between 57 and 73, discussed ‘coming out’ in the 1950s and 1960s, loneliness and isolation and the experience of attending affinity groups. Many participants were rendered ‘out of place’ by aspects of their social mobility, generation, gender and sexuality. The chapter draws on Bourdieu’s concept of ‘cleft habitus’ to consider the contradictions of these mobilities, suggesting that these women faced unprecedented and unique disjuncture between their original habitus and the new classed, sexual and gendered locations in which they finally ‘arrived’. The chapter looks at the potential of social groups to alleviate loneliness and isolation; for many, they are sites of resilience, helping to promote positive ageing for those who have faced marginalisation across their life course.

Sport Fan Consumption

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Michele Johnson ◽  
Wen-Hao Winston Chou ◽  
Brandon Mastromartino ◽  
James Jianhui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
Developmental Trends ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
Sports Fandom ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Or Team

Sports fans are individuals who are interested in and follow one or more sports, teams, and/or athletes. These fans reinforce their identity as a fan by engaging in supportive and repetitive consumption behaviors that relate to the sport or team they are so passionate about. This chapter will provide an overview of the history and cultural heritage of sports fandom, discuss the significance and functions of fandom, underline what motivates individuals to consume sports, examine the consequences and results of fandom, and highlight contemporary research and developmental trends. This chapter would allow for a good understanding of where research on sports fandom is headed and the important issues affecting sports fans.

Playing with Lynching: Fandom Violence and the Black Athletic Body

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-183
Author(s):  
Poe Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fan Studies ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
White Supremacist ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Parallel Development ◽  
Sports Fandom ◽  
Shared History ◽  
Jack Johnson ◽  
The Relationship

This article traces the parallel development of lynching culture and the fandom surrounding the black athletic body. While only recently have fan studies scholars started to theorize the relationship between racism, sports, and fandom activity, their shared history goes back to at least Jack Johnson, the first black boxer to win the heavyweight championship. From this first encounter with the black athletic body, sports fans with white supremacist leanings have employed lynching iconography and rhetoric to discipline athletes who challenged the general perception of how a public black figure out to behave. I argue that not only is racialized fan violence directed toward black athletes a common occurrence, but that the logics of lynching culture are deeply and perhaps irrevocably intertwined with those of sports fandom writ large.

Photovoice as a Multilevel Tool for Gender and Sexual Identity Exploration

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-231
Author(s):  
M. Candace Christensen ◽  
Moshoula Capous-Desyllas ◽  
Alexis V. Arczynski
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Identity Exploration ◽  
Multilevel Approach ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Research Recommendations

Gender and sexual identity exploration (GSIE) consists of engaging in activities that allow an individual to discover their values, preferences, and boundaries related to gender and sexuality. Photovoice is a participatory research method that incorporates an intrapersonal, interpersonal, communal, and political approach to engaging with a given topic. The purpose of this article is to use existing research to illustrate how using photovoice method for GSIE does involve individuals in exploring gender and sexual identity from multiple levels of social interaction (micro, mezzo, and macro). This approach to GSIE fosters a dynamic, de-stigmatizing, and advocacy-oriented engagement with GSIE. We use examples from photovoice studies to illustrate how photovoice method uses a multilevel approach to GSIE and the positive implications of this practice. The article ends with practice and research recommendations for employing photovoice to support GSIE.

Comparative Analysis of Traditional Polling and Profiling Using Big Data Analysis and Geolocalization Data on the Example of Research Among Sports Fans Participating in the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
Jakub Ryśnik ◽  
Danuta Żylak ◽  
Piotr Gibas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
European Football ◽  
Using Data ◽  
External Entity

Purpose. The aim of the paper was multifaceted comparison of two research procedures used to study tourism demand, i.e. classic poll survey and the analysis of smartphone user data using Big Data Analysis (BDA). The aim of the paper was also to review of potential analysis forms that can be performed using data from smartphone users that also contains geolocalization data. Method. The essence of the research study is comparative analysis of two different research methodologies used during the examination of the sports fans of the U21 European Football Championship in Tychy in June 2017. Selected organisational aspects of these studies and the advantages and disadvantages of the research procedures were compared. The study on tourism demand was carried out in two ways. In the first approach, the classic poll method was used in order to survey the tourists at the destination place. The authors conducted a survey with the modified MSSC scale (Motivation Scale for Sport Consumption) on 278 spectators (targeted choice). The results were confronted with the analysis of smartphone users' data (including geolocalization data) using BDA, which was carried out ex-post by an external entity on behalf of AWF Katowice. Findings. The analysis of research procedures brought forward a number of conclusions regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the applied research approaches and allows to estimate the potential of using BDA within the context of tourism demand research. The research analysis gives reasons to revise the classical methodological paradigm on the relatively high costs and difficulties associated with comprehensive research in relation to partial research. There are a number of premises resulting from the smartphoneisation of society, which provide arguments constituting a new paradigm stating that, in the conditions of digitisation of tourist activities, comprehensive research is more and more available and conducting this type of assessment is realistically possible. Research and conclusions limitations. The presented comparative analysis is in fact a case study, which limits the conclusions formulated on its basis. Practical implications. The article may help research teams who plan to or conduct research using data from smartphone users based on BDA, including those who analyse tourist demand research at regional and local levels for public entities. Originality. The novelty of this paper is the attempt to compare research procedures. The work also partially presents the unpublished results of BDA among the fans of the U21 European Football Championships in Tychy in June 2017, which was carried out ex-post by an external entity ordered by AWF Katowice. Type of paper. An article presenting the results of empirical research partly as a case study.

scholarly journals Faster, higher, stronger: Sports fan activism and mediatized political play in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Chagas ◽  
Vivian Luiz Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Sports Fan

In an analysis of sports fans activism and theoretical approaches to understand experiences of mediatized political play, we address groups of activists who protested using fan usual resources and repertoires. We focus on some episodes of protests performed by casual sports fans against the then acting Brazilian president, Michel Temer, during the Rio 2016 Olympics. The category of fan must also be further discussed when applied to sports and political fandoms, considering the disputes and competition background for which they are not only fans but also rooters.

scholarly journals Association of dietary patterns and body phenotypes in Brazilian adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Elisa Madalena Rinaldi ◽  
Wolney LIsboa Conde ◽  
Carla Cristina Enes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Fresh Foods

Objective: To investigate the association between dietary patterns and physical activity and body phenotypes in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study using data from a school-based study with 1,022 Brazilian adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Body phenotypes (BP) and dietary patterns (DP) were defined using principal components analysis. BP was defined using anthropometric, body composition, biochemical, and sexual maturation, and DP from 19 food groups categorized from a food frequency questionnaire containing 58 food items. We performed a scatter plot to describe the relationship between energy expenditure assessed by MET and BP scores. The association between DP and BP, adjusted by sex, age and socioeconomic status, was assessed by linear regression model. Results: We identified five BP (BP1adiposity, BP2puberty, BP3biochemical, BP4muscular, BP5lipids_biochemical) and five DP (DP1ultraprocessed_foods, DP2fresh_foods, DP3bread_rice_beans, DP4culinary_preparation, DP5cakes_rice_beans). There are higher scores of BP_adiposity for obese adolescents, but energy expenditure was similar for obese and non-obese. Physical activity was positively associated with body mass index, BP_adiposity and BP_puberty. We observed negative association between DP_ultraprocessed and BMI, and a positive between DP_fresh_foods. DP_fresh_foods was positively associated with BP_adiposity; DP_ultraprocessed and DP_culinary_preparation were negatively associated with this BP. BP_biochemical was negatively associated with DP_fresh_foods. Conclusion: We identified negative association between DP mainly composed by ultraprocessed foods and fresh foods and BPadiposity. These associations need to be more explored, especially in adolescents, because both DP and BP were defined using multivariate analysis.

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