Population changes among chironomid species related to secondary effects of pesticide application in rice fields

The abundance and diversity of arthropod in agro ecosystem depend on the level of synthetic pesticide contamination. This study aimed to explore, identify and analyze the diversity and abundance of predatory arthropods in swamp rice fields treated with pesticide application (in Pemulutan) and without pesticide application (in Musi 2). The swamp rice fields in Pemulutan are bordered by village, river and forest. The methods were survey and direct observation on 3 ha and 2 ha of swamp rice fields in Pemulutan and Musi 2, Palembang. Sampling of predatory arthropods were conducted at 20, 50, 80 and 110 days after rice planting using pitfall trap. Identification of predatory arthropods was conducted at Laboratory of Entomology showing that the arthropod collected consisted of 17 species of insects and 9 species of Arachnida. In Pemulutan Ogan Ilir were found 19 species (10 species of insect and 9 species of Arachnida) at the village area. In the area that was bordered by river were found 8 species (7 insect and 1 Arachnida). In the area bordered by forest were found 22 species (10 species of insects and 12 species of Arachnida). The diversity level, number of species, and arthropod specimen in the field without pesticide application at Musi 2 were higher than those in the fields with pesticide application in Pemulutan.

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STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS HYMENOPTERA PARASITOID PADA TUMBUHAN LIAR DI SEKITAR PERTANAMAN PADI DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) CIANJUR, JAWA BARAT

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.2890-101 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 90-101

Author(s):

Yaherwandi Yaherwandi ◽

S. Manuwoto ◽

D. Buchori ◽

P. Hidayat ◽

L. B. Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Community Structure ◽

Landscape Structure ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Pesticide Application ◽

Agricultural Ecosystem ◽

Pest Population ◽

West Java ◽

Parasitoid Community ◽

Sweep Net

Hymenoptera Parasitoid Community Structure on Non-crops Vegetation Around Rice fields in Cianjur Watershed, West Java. Hymenoptera parasitoids have an important role in agroecosystem because of their ability in suppressing pest population. Their presence in the field is seen as the key to agricultural ecosystem. Their presence can be influenced by the availability of non-crop vegetation. Some adult Hymenoptera parasitoids require food in the form of pollen and nectar of wild flowers to ensure effective reproduction and longevity. The objective of this research was to study Hymenoptera parasitoid communities in non-crop vegetation around rice fields at Cianjur Watershed. Samplings were conducted at three different landscape, i.e. Nyalindung, Gasol and Selajambe West Java. Insects were sampled by two trapping techniques (farmcop and sweep net) in two lines of transect for each landscape. A total of 257 species from 25 families of Hymenoptera parasitoids were collected in non-crop vegetation at Cianjur Watershed. Landscape structure, flowering vegetation, and pesticide application affected the species richness, diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoid in non-crop vegetation.

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Variations in Surface Textures of Quartz Sand using Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100069466 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 494-495

Author(s):

Eugene J. Amaral

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Glass Industry ◽

Glass Slide ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Early Paleozoic ◽

Secondary Effects ◽

Surface Textures ◽

High Silica ◽

Sand Deposit ◽

The U.S

Examination of sand grain surfaces from early Paleozoic sandstones by electron microscopy reveals a variety of secondary effects caused by rock-forming processes after final deposition of the sand. Detailed studies were conducted on both coarse (≥0.71mm) and fine (=0.25mm) fractions of St. Peter Sandstone, a widespread sand deposit underlying much of the U.S. Central Interior and used in the glass industry because of its remarkably high silica purity.The very friable sandstone was disaggregated and sieved to obtain the two size fractions, and then cleaned by boiling in HCl to remove any iron impurities and rinsed in distilled water. The sand grains were then partially embedded by sprinkling them onto a glass slide coated with a thin tacky layer of latex. Direct platinum shadowed carbon replicas were made of the exposed sand grain surfaces, and were separated by dissolution of the silica in HF acid.

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Field Worker Exposure During Pesticide Application, Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop of the Scientific Committee on Pesticides of the International Association on Occupational Health, The Hague

10.1016/s0166-1116(08)x7051-7 ◽

1980 ◽

Keyword(s):

Occupational Health ◽

International Association ◽

International Workshop ◽

Scientific Committee ◽

Pesticide Application ◽

Worker Exposure ◽

Field Worker ◽

The Hague

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Environmental Benefits of Precision Agriculture Adoption

ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE ◽

10.3280/ecag2019-003004 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 637-656 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marco Medici ◽

Søren Marcus Pedersen ◽

Giacomo Carli ◽

Maria Rita Tagliaventi

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impacts ◽

Precision Agriculture ◽

New Technologies ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Pesticide Application ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Application Rates ◽

Biodiversity Policy ◽

Lime Application

The purpose of this study is to analyse the environmental benefits of precision agriculture technology adoption obtained from the mitigation of negative environmental impacts of agricultural inputs in modern farming. Our literature review of the environmental benefits related to the adoption of precision agriculture solutions is aimed at raising farmers' and other stakeholders' awareness of the actual environmental impacts from this set of new technologies. Existing studies were categorised according to the environmental impacts of different agricultural activities: nitrogen application, lime application, pesticide application, manure application and herbicide application. Our findings highlighted the effects of the reduction of input application rates and the consequent impacts on climate, soil, water and biodiversity. Policy makers can benefit from the outcomes of this study developing an understanding of the environmental impact of precision agriculture in order to promote and support initiatives aimed at fostering sustainable agriculture.

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