scholarly journals ArmA Methyltransferase in a Monophasic Salmonella enterica Isolate from Food

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 5262-5266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie A. Granier ◽  
Laura Hidalgo ◽  
Alvaro San Millan ◽  
Jose Antonio Escudero ◽  
Belen Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTThe 16S rRNA methyltransferase ArmA is a worldwide emerging determinant that confers high-level resistance to most clinically relevant aminoglycosides. We report here the identification and characterization of a multidrug-resistantSalmonella entericasubspecies I.4,12:i:− isolate recovered from chicken meat sampled in a supermarket on February 2009 in La Reunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean. Susceptibility testing showed an unusually high-level resistance to gentamicin, as well as to ampicillin, expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and amoxicillin-clavulanate. Molecular analysis of the 16S rRNA methyltransferases revealed presence of thearmAgene, together withblaTEM-1,blaCMY-2, andblaCTX-M-3. All of these genes could be transferreden blocthrough conjugation intoEscherichia coliat a frequency of 10−5CFU/donor. Replicon typing and S1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that thearmAgene was borne on an ∼150-kb broad-host-range IncP plasmid, pB1010. To elucidate howarmAhad integrated in pB1010, a PCR mapping strategy was developed for Tn1548, the genetic platform forarmA.The gene was embedded in a Tn1548-like structure, albeit with a deletion of the macrolide resistance genes, and an IS26was inserted within themelgene. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ArmA methyltransferase in food, showing a novel route of transmission for this resistance determinant. Further surveillance in food-borne bacteria will be crucial to determine the role of food in the spread of 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes worldwide.

scholarly journals Integrative and Conjugative Element-Mediated Azithromycin Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Albany

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ping Hong ◽  
Ying-Tsong Chen ◽  
You-Wun Wang ◽  
Bo-Han Chen ◽  
Ru-Hsiou Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Salmonellosis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Azithromycin Resistance ◽  
Level Resistance ◽  
Integrative And Conjugative Element

ABSTRACT We identified an erm42-carrying integrative and conjugative element, ICE_erm42, in 26.4% of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Albany isolates recovered from cases of human salmonellosis between 2014 and 2019 in Taiwan. ICE_erm42-carrying strains displayed high-level resistance to azithromycin, and the element could move into the phylogenetically distant species Vibrio cholerae via conjugation.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Biocides Used in the Modern Food Industry To Control Salmonella enterica, and Links between Biocide Tolerance and Resistance to Clinically Relevant Antimicrobial Compounds

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3087-3097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla Condell ◽  
Carol Iversen ◽  
Shane Cooney ◽  
Karen A. Power ◽  
Ciara Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Cross Tolerance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTBiocides play an essential role in limiting the spread of infectious disease. The food industry is dependent on these agents, and their increasing use is a matter for concern. Specifically, the emergence of bacteria demonstrating increased tolerance to biocides, coupled with the potential for the development of a phenotype of cross-resistance to clinically important antimicrobial compounds, needs to be assessed. In this study, we investigated the tolerance of a collection of susceptible and multidrug-resistant (MDR)Salmonella entericastrains to a panel of seven commercially available food-grade biocide formulations. We explored their abilities to adapt to these formulations and their active biocidal agents, i.e., triclosan, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, and benzalkonium chloride, after sequential rounds ofin vitroselection. Finally, cross-tolerance of different categories of biocidal formulations, their active agents, and the potential for coselection of resistance to clinically important antibiotics were investigated. Six of seven food-grade biocide formulations were bactericidal at their recommended working concentrations. All showed a reduced activity against both surface-dried and biofilm cultures. A stable phenotype of tolerance to biocide formulations could not be selected. Upon exposure ofSalmonellastrains to an active biocidal compound, a high-level of tolerance was selected for a number ofSalmonellaserotypes. No cross-tolerance to the different biocidal agents or food-grade biocide formulations was observed. Most tolerant isolates displayed changes in their patterns of susceptibility to antimicrobial compounds. Food industry biocides are effective against planktonicSalmonella. When exposed to sublethal concentrations of individual active biocidal agents, tolerant isolates may emerge. This emergence was associated with changes in antimicrobial susceptibilities.

scholarly journals Outbreak Caused by NDM-1- and RmtB-Producing Escherichia coli in Bulgaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 2472-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Encho Savov ◽  
Arzu Nazli ◽  
Angelina Trifonova ◽  
Iva Todorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTTwelve consecutive carbapenem-resistantEscherichia coliisolates were recovered from patients (infection or colonization) hospitalized between March and September 2012 in different units at a hospital in Bulgaria. They all produced the carbapenemase NDM-1 and the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase CTX-M-15, together with the 16S rRNA methylase RmtB, conferring high-level resistance to all aminoglycosides. All those isolates were clonally related and belonged to the same sequence type, ST101. In addition to being the first to identify NDM-producing isolates in Bulgaria, this is the very first study reporting an outbreak of NDM-1-producingE. coliin the world.

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Isolates with High-Level Resistance to Ciprofloxacin in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 3516-3517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilruba Ahmed ◽  
Liton T. D'Costa ◽  
Khorshed Alam ◽  
G. Balakrish Nair ◽  
M. Anowar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

scholarly journals Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter Species Isolates with a Horizontally Acquired rRNA Methylase

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 5405-5412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Maojun Zhang ◽  
Fengru Deng ◽  
Zhangqi Shen ◽  
Congming Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Methylase Gene ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTAntibiotic-resistantCampylobacterconstitutes a serious threat to public health, and resistance to macrolides is of particular concern, as this class of antibiotics is the drug of choice for clinical therapy of campylobacteriosis. Very recently, a horizontally transferrable macrolide resistance mediated by the rRNA methylase geneerm(B) was reported in aCampylobacter coliisolate, but little is known about the dissemination oferm(B) amongCampylobacterisolates and the association oferm(B)-carrying isolates with clinical disease. To address this question and facilitate the control of antibiotic-resistantCampylobacter, we determined the distribution oferm(B) in 1,554C. coliandCampylobacter jejuniisolates derived from food-producing animals and clinically confirmed human diarrheal cases. The results revealed that 58 of the examined isolates harborederm(B) and exhibited high-level resistance to macrolides, and most were recent isolates, derived in 2011-2012. In addition, theerm(B)-positive isolates were all resistant to fluoroquinolones, another clinically important antibiotic used for treating campylobacteriosis. Theerm(B) gene is found to be associated with chromosomal multidrug resistance genomic islands (MDRGIs) of Gram-positive origin or with plasmids of various sizes. All MDRGIs were transferrable to macrolide-susceptibleC. jejuniby natural transformation under laboratory conditions. Molecular typing of theerm(B)-carrying isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) identified diverse genotypes and outbreak-associated diarrheal isolates. Molecular typing also suggested zoonotic transmission oferm(B)-positiveCampylobacter. These findings reveal an emerging and alarming trend of dissemination oferm(B) and MDRGIs inCampylobacterand underscore the need for heightened efforts to control their further spread.

scholarly journals Emergence ofileS2-Carrying, Multidrug-Resistant Plasmids in Staphylococcus lugdunensis

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 6411-6414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak-Leung Ho ◽  
Melissa Chun-Jiao Liu ◽  
Kin-Hung Chow ◽  
Cindy Wing-Sze Tse ◽  
Wai-U Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Lugdunensis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Mupirocin Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTOf 137Staphylococcus lugdunensisisolates collected from two nephrology centers in Hong Kong, 10 (7.3%) and 3 (2.2%) isolates had high-level and low-level mupirocin resistance, respectively. Isolates with high-level resistance contained the plasmid-mediatedileS2gene, while isolates with low-level resistance contained the mutation V588F within the chromosomalileSgene. All but one of theileS2-positive isolates belong to the predominating clone HKU1. Plasmids carrying theileS2gene were mosaic and also cocarry multiple other resistance determinants.

scholarly journals Innate Aminoglycoside Resistance of Achromobacter xylosoxidans Is Due to AxyXY-OprZ, an RND-Type Multidrug Efflux Pump

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 603-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Bador ◽  
Lucie Amoureux ◽  
Emmanuel Blanc ◽  
Catherine Neuwirth
Keyword(s):  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Multidrug Efflux ◽  
Multidrug Efflux Pump ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTAchromobacter xylosoxidansis an innately multidrug-resistant pathogen which is emerging in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We characterized a new resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND)-type multidrug efflux pump, AxyXY-OprZ. This system is responsible for the intrinsic high-level resistance ofA. xylosoxidansto aminoglycosides (tobramycin, amikacin, and gentamicin). Furthermore, it can extrude cefepime, carbapenems, some fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and erythromycin. Some of the AxyXY-OprZ substrates are major components widely used to treat pulmonary infections in CF patients.

scholarly journals Mutations in fbiD (Rv2983) as a Novel Determinant of Resistance to Pretomanid and Delamanid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. e01948-20
Author(s):  
Dalin Rifat ◽  
Si-Yang Li ◽  
Thomas Ioerger ◽  
Keshav Shah ◽  
Jean-Philippe Lanoix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTThe nitroimidazole prodrugs delamanid and pretomanid comprise one of only two new antimicrobial classes approved to treat tuberculosis (TB) in 50 years. Prior in vitro studies suggest a relatively low barrier to nitroimidazole resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but clinical evidence is limited to date. We selected pretomanid-resistant M. tuberculosis mutants in two mouse models of TB using a range of pretomanid doses. The frequency of spontaneous resistance was approximately 10−5 CFU. Whole-genome sequencing of 161 resistant isolates from 47 mice revealed 99 unique mutations, of which 91% occurred in 1 of 5 genes previously associated with nitroimidazole activation and resistance, namely, fbiC (56%), fbiA (15%), ddn (12%), fgd (4%), and fbiB (4%). Nearly all mutations were unique to a single mouse and not previously identified. The remaining 9% of resistant mutants harbored mutations in Rv2983 (fbiD), a gene not previously associated with nitroimidazole resistance but recently shown to be a guanylyltransferase necessary for cofactor F420 synthesis. Most mutants exhibited high-level resistance to pretomanid and delamanid, although Rv2983 and fbiB mutants exhibited high-level pretomanid resistance but relatively small changes in delamanid susceptibility. Complementing an Rv2983 mutant with wild-type Rv2983 restored susceptibility to pretomanid and delamanid. By quantifying intracellular F420 and its precursor Fo in overexpressing and loss-of-function mutants, we provide further evidence that Rv2983 is necessary for F420 biosynthesis. Finally, Rv2983 mutants and other F420H2-deficient mutants displayed hypersusceptibility to some antibiotics and to concentrations of malachite green found in solid media used to isolate and propagate mycobacteria from clinical samples.

scholarly journals Genomic and Functional Analysis of Emerging Virulent and Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Lineage Sequence Type 648

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schaufler ◽  
Torsten Semmler ◽  
Lothar H. Wieler ◽  
Darren J. Trott ◽  
Johann Pitout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Niche Adaptation ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT The pathogenic extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli lineage ST648 is increasingly reported from multiple origins. Our study of a large and global ST648 collection from various hosts (87 whole-genome sequences) combining core and accessory genomics with functional analyses and in vivo experiments suggests that ST648 is a nascent and generalist lineage, lacking clear phylogeographic and host association signals. By including large numbers of ST131 (n = 107) and ST10 (n = 96) strains for comparative genomics and phenotypic analysis, we demonstrate that the combination of multidrug resistance and high-level virulence are the hallmarks of ST648, similar to international high-risk clonal lineage ST131. Specifically, our in silico, in vitro, and in vivo results demonstrate that ST648 is well equipped with biofilm-associated features, while ST131 shows sophisticated signatures indicative of adaption to urinary tract infection, potentially conveying individual ecological niche adaptation. In addition, we used a recently developed NFDS (negative frequency-dependent selection) population model suggesting that ST648 will increase significantly in frequency as a cause of bacteremia within the next few years. Also, ESBL plasmids impacting biofilm formation aided in shaping and maintaining ST648 strains to successfully emerge worldwide across different ecologies. Our study contributes to understanding what factors drive the evolution and spread of emerging international high-risk clonal lineages.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of DiarrheagenicEscherichia coli Isolated from Children under the Age of 5 Years from Ifakara, Tanzania

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 3022-3024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Vila ◽  
Martha Vargas ◽  
Climent Casals ◽  
Honorato Urassa ◽  
Hassan Mshinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance ◽  
Children Under 5

ABSTRACT Diarrhea caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria is an important public health problem among children in developing countries. The prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of diarrheagenicEscherichia coli in 346 children under 5 years of age in Ifakara, Tanzania, were studied. Thirty-eight percent of the cases of diarrhea were due to multiresistant enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteroaggregative E. coli, or enteropathogenicE. coli. Strains of all three E. colicategories showed high-level resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, and chloramphenicol but were highly susceptible to quinolones. Guidelines for appropriate use of antibiotics in developing countries need updating.

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