scholarly journals Integron- and Carbenicillinase-Mediated Reduced Susceptibility to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid in Isolates of Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium DT104 from French Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Michele Guibert ◽  
Samuel Bellais ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
Patrice Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Spectinomycin Resistance ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACT Fifty-seven Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) isolates were collected from human patients in two French hospitals, Hôpital Antoine Béclère (Clamart, France) and Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France), between 1996 and 1997. Thirty of them (52 percent) were resistant to amino-, carbeni-, and ureidopenicillins, had reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, were susceptible to cephalothin, and were resistant to sulfonamides, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines. All these strains possessed a bla PSE-1-like gene and were of phage type DT104. Ten of them were studied in more detail, which revealed that bla PSE-1 is located on the variable region of a class 1 integron. This integron was found to be chromosomally located, as was another class 1 integron containingaadA2, a streptomycin-spectinomycin resistance gene. The reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (and to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid) may result from the high level of hydrolysis of the β-lactam rather than to the clavulanic acid resistance properties of PSE-1 in these clonally related S. typhimurium isolates.

scholarly journals Evaluation of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in the Bifidobacterium genus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mancabelli ◽  
Walter Mancino ◽  
Gabriele Andrea Lugli ◽  
Chiara Argentini ◽  
Giulia Longhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Western World ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (AMC) is one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotic formulations in the Western world. Extensive oral use of this antimicrobial combination influences the gut microbiota. One of the most abundant early colonizers of the human gut microbiota is represented by different taxa of the Bifidobacterium genus, which include many members that are considered to bestow beneficial effects upon their host. In the current study, we investigated the impact of AMC administration on the gut microbiota composition, comparing the gut microbiota of 23 children that had undergone AMC antibiotic therapy to that of 19 children that had not been treated with antibiotics during the preceding six months. Moreover, we evaluated AMC sensitivity by Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test of 261 bifidobacterial strains, including reference strains for the currently recognized 64 bifidobacterial (sub)species, as well as 197 bifidobacterial isolates of human origin. These assessments allowed the identification of four bifidobacterial strains, which exhibit a high level of AMC insensitivity, and which were subjected to genomic and transcriptomic analyses to identify the putative genetic determinants responsible for this AMC insensitivity. Furthermore, we investigated the ecological role of AMC-resistant bifidobacterial strains by in vitro batch-cultures. Importance Based on our results, we observed a drastic reduction in gut microbiota diversity of children treated with antibiotics, also affecting the abundance of Bifidobacterium, a bacterial genus commonly found in the infant gut. MIC experiments revealed that more than 98% of bifidobacterial strains tested were shown to be inhibited by the AMC antibiotic. Isolation of four insensitive strains and sequencing of their genome revealed the identity of possible genes involved in AMC resistance mechanisms. Moreover, gut-simulating in-vitro experiments revealed that one strain, i.e. B. breve PRL2020, is able to persist in the presence of a complex microbiota combined with AMC antibiotic.

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Muenchen from Pigs and Humans and Potential Interserovar Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondwossen A. Gebreyes ◽  
Siddhartha Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Strain ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

ABSTRACT Salmonella serovars are important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance. Recently, we reported on multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains among pigs with resistance to ampicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (resistance [R] type AKSSuT) and resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (R type AxACSSuT). In the present study, 67 isolates (39 from humans and 28 from pigs) of clinically important Salmonella serovar Muenchen were characterized. Among the porcine isolates, 75% showed resistance to seven antimicrobials: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and kanamycin (R type ACSSuTAxK). One isolate from humans showed resistance to 10 of the 12 antimicrobials: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, kanamycin, gentamicin, cephalothin, and ceftriaxone (R type ACSSuTAxKGCfCro). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed no clonality between the porcine and the human strains. The porcine and the human MDR strains carried class 1 integrons of 2.0 and 1.0 kb, respectively. Genes specific to the porcine strain included aadA2, aphA1-Iab, and tetA(B). DNA sequencing revealed that the porcine isolates carried bla OXA-30 on a class 1 integron. Genes specific to the human strain included bla TEM, strA, strB, cmlA, tetA(A), and aadA2. No bla CMY-2 gene was detected. Serovar Muenchen strains of porcine and human origin were able to transfer resistance genes to laboratory strain Escherichia coli MG1655 by conjugation. Plasmid restriction with four restriction enzymes, EcoRI, BamHI, HindIII, and PstI, showed that the conjugative plasmids from porcine Salmonella serovar Muenchen and Typhimurium R-type MDR strains isolated from the same farms at the same time were similar on the basis of the sizes and the numbers of bands and Southern hybridization. The plasmid profiles among the Salmonella serovar Muenchen isolates from the two host species were different. This is the first report to show a high frequency of MDR Salmonella serovar Muenchen strains from pigs and a human strain that is similar to the MDR isolates with the AmpC enzyme previously reported among Salmonella serovars Newport and Typhimurium strains. The MDR strains from the two host species independently represent public health concerns, as Salmonella serovar Muenchen is among the top 10 causes of salmonellosis in humans.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Plasmid-Mediated Cephalosporinase (CMY-9) and Its Genetic Environment in an Escherichia coli Clinical Isolate

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 2427-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Doi ◽  
Naohiro Shibata ◽  
Keigo Shibayama ◽  
Kazunari Kamachi ◽  
Hiroshi Kurokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Common Region ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT An Escherichia coli strain, HKYM68, which showed resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins was isolated from a sputum specimen in Japan. The high-level resistance of the strain to ceftazidime, cefpirome, and moxalactam was carried by a self-transferable plasmid. The β-lactamase gene responsible for the resistance was cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of this gene product, CMY-9, had a single amino acid substitution (E85D), the residue reported to be part of the recognition site for the R1 side chain of β-lactams, compared with the amino acid sequence of CMY-8 and also had 78% identity with the amino acid sequence of CepH, a chromosomal cephalosporinase of Aeromonas hydrophila. A sul1-type class 1 integron containing an aacA1-orfG gene cassette was identified upstream of bla CMY-9 and ended with a truncated 3′ conserved segment. The following 2.1 kb was almost identical to the common region of integrons In6 and In7 and the integron of pSAL-1, except that orf513 encoding a putative transposase was identified instead of orf341 due to addition of a single nucleotide. bla CMY-9 was closely located downstream of the end of the common region. These observations are indicative of the exogenous derivation of bla CMY-9 from some environmental microorganisms such as aeromonads.

scholarly journals BEL-1, a Novel Clavulanic Acid-Inhibited Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase, and the Class 1 Integron In120 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 3743-3748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Laura Brinas ◽  
Annemie Verlinde ◽  
Louis Ide ◽  
Patrice Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Gene Cassettes ◽  
Esbl Gene ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Synergy Test ◽  
Specific Sequences

ABSTRACT Screening by a double-disk synergy test identified a Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate that produced a clavulanic acid-inhibited expanded-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Cloning and sequencing identified a novel ESBL, BEL-1, weakly related to other Ambler class A ESBLs. β-Lactamase BEL-1 hydrolyzed significantly most expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam, and its activity was inhibited by clavulanic acid, tazobactam, cefoxitin, moxalactam, and imipenem. This chromosome-encoded ESBL gene was embedded in a class 1 integron containing three other gene cassettes. In addition, this integron was bracketed by Tn1404 transposon sequences at its right end and by P. aeruginosa-specific sequences at its left end.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization ofblaNDM-1in a Sequence Type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolate from France

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 3408-3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Janvier ◽  
Katy Jeannot ◽  
Sophie Tessé ◽  
Marjorie Robert-Nicoud ◽  
Hervé Delacour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Common Region ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Previous Hospitalization

ABSTRACTAn NDM-1 carbapenemase-producingPseudomonas aeruginosaisolate was recovered from a patient hospitalized in France after a previous hospitalization in Serbia. Genetic studies revealed that theblaNDM-1gene was surrounded by insertion sequence ISAba125and a truncated bleomycin resistance gene. ThisblaNDM-1region was a part of the variable region of a new complex class 1 integron bearing IS common region 1 (ISCR1). The presence of ISPa7upstream of this integron suggests insertion in a chromosomally located Tn402-like structure.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Clinical Isolates of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese Hospitals

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 4022-4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Hongli Sun ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Qiwen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Clonal Spread ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter spp. is an emerging problem in China. We investigated the molecular epidemiology and carbapenemase genes of 221 nonrepetitive imipenem-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. collected from 1999 to 2005 at 11 teaching hospitals in China. Genotyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) found 15 PFGE patterns. Of these, one (clone P) was identified at four hospitals in Beijing and another (clone A) at four geographically disparate cities. Most imipenem-resistant isolates exhibited high-level resistance to all β-lactams and were only susceptible to colistin. bla OXA-23-like genes were found in 97.7% of isolates. Sequencing performed on 60 representative isolates confirmed the presence of the bla OXA-23 carbapenemase gene. Analysis of the genetic context of bla OXA-23 showed the presence of ISAba1 upstream of bla OXA-23. All of the 187 A. baumannii isolates identified by amplified RNA gene restriction analysis carried a bla OXA-51-like oxacillinase gene, while this gene was absent from isolates of other species. Sequencing indicated the presence of bla OXA-66 for 18 representative isolates. Seven isolates of one clone (clone T) carried the plasmid-mediated bla OXA-58 carbapenemase gene, while one isolate of another clone (clone L) carried the bla OXA-72 carbapenemase gene. Only 1 isolate of clone Q carried the bla IMP-8 metallo-β-lactamase gene, located in a class 1 integron. Of 221 isolates, 77.8% carried bla PER-1-like genes. Eleven different structures of class 1 integrons were detected, and most integrons carried genes mediating resistance to aminoglycosides, rifampin, and chloramphenicol. These findings indicated clonal spread of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. and wide dissemination of the OXA-23 carbapenemase in China.

scholarly journals Characterization of the variable region in the class 1 integron of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from surface water

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Canal ◽  
Karine Lena Meneghetti ◽  
Clara Ponzi de Almeida ◽  
Marina da Rosa Bastos ◽  
Letícia Muner Otton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1

scholarly journals Klebsiella pneumoniae blaNDM-1 carrying a class 1 integron causing a hospital outbreak in a Mexican attention center

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 657-664
Author(s):  
Iliana Alejandra Cortés-Ortíz ◽  
Julio Cesar Juárez-Gómez ◽  
Concepción Cu-Quijano ◽  
Rocio Flores-Paz ◽  
Emilio Mariano Durán-Manuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Class 1

Introduction: Infections acquired in hospitals are the cause of high morbidity and mortality and with the emergence of resistant bacteria, the problem is greater. The aim of this work was to determine the genetic characteristics and timeline of Klebsiella pneumoniae blaNDM-1 carrying a class 1 integron involved in an intrahospital outbreak. Methodology: Investigation was made from the first detection of K. pneumoniae blaNDM-1, strain “466”, and the last clone “423”. 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that 466 strain and clones were related to K. pneumoniae. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) was detected according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and real time-PCR. Typing of K. pneumoniae blaNDM-1 strains was carried by ERIC-PCR and sequencing the variable region of the integrons were performed. Results: A cluster of six resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae blaNDM-1 was detected in intensive care unit (ICU), internal medicine (IM) and orthopedics (OT). Timeline revealed that the first bacterial identification was in ICU and the last clone in OT service. The array genetic of variable region was “IntI/aadA5-drfA17/qacEΔ1-Sul1”. Conclusions: The evidences highlight the importance of the epidemiological surveillance of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) strains, as well as the need for molecular epidemiological studies to identify the routes of transmission and the contamination sources within health personnel.

scholarly journals  Amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in veterinary medicine – the situation in Europe: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Belmar-Liberato ◽  
A. Gonzalez-Canga ◽  
P. Tamame-Martin ◽  
M. Escribano-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
National Monitoring ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Made In

In the recent past years, important efforts towards the prudent use of antimicrobials have been made in order to optimize antibacterial use, and maximize therapeutic effect while minimizing the development of resistance. Knowledge on the occurrence of resistance in bacteria could help in improving the clinical success of therapeutic decisions. Since the discovery of amoxicillin, this drug has been extensively used throughout the world in veterinary medicine, alone and also in combination with clavulanic acid. This paper provides information regarding the current situation of resistance to amoxicillin (and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) in animals in Europe. Most data comes from food-animal species, mainly from several national monitoring programmes of antimicrobial resistance, and information on companion animals is also available.

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