scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Muenchen from Pigs and Humans and Potential Interserovar Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondwossen A. Gebreyes ◽  
Siddhartha Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Strain ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

ABSTRACT Salmonella serovars are important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance. Recently, we reported on multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains among pigs with resistance to ampicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (resistance [R] type AKSSuT) and resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (R type AxACSSuT). In the present study, 67 isolates (39 from humans and 28 from pigs) of clinically important Salmonella serovar Muenchen were characterized. Among the porcine isolates, 75% showed resistance to seven antimicrobials: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and kanamycin (R type ACSSuTAxK). One isolate from humans showed resistance to 10 of the 12 antimicrobials: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, kanamycin, gentamicin, cephalothin, and ceftriaxone (R type ACSSuTAxKGCfCro). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed no clonality between the porcine and the human strains. The porcine and the human MDR strains carried class 1 integrons of 2.0 and 1.0 kb, respectively. Genes specific to the porcine strain included aadA2, aphA1-Iab, and tetA(B). DNA sequencing revealed that the porcine isolates carried bla OXA-30 on a class 1 integron. Genes specific to the human strain included bla TEM, strA, strB, cmlA, tetA(A), and aadA2. No bla CMY-2 gene was detected. Serovar Muenchen strains of porcine and human origin were able to transfer resistance genes to laboratory strain Escherichia coli MG1655 by conjugation. Plasmid restriction with four restriction enzymes, EcoRI, BamHI, HindIII, and PstI, showed that the conjugative plasmids from porcine Salmonella serovar Muenchen and Typhimurium R-type MDR strains isolated from the same farms at the same time were similar on the basis of the sizes and the numbers of bands and Southern hybridization. The plasmid profiles among the Salmonella serovar Muenchen isolates from the two host species were different. This is the first report to show a high frequency of MDR Salmonella serovar Muenchen strains from pigs and a human strain that is similar to the MDR isolates with the AmpC enzyme previously reported among Salmonella serovars Newport and Typhimurium strains. The MDR strains from the two host species independently represent public health concerns, as Salmonella serovar Muenchen is among the top 10 causes of salmonellosis in humans.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Presence of Class 1 Integrons Among Different Serotypes of Salmonella spp. Recovered From Children with Diarrhea in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Hanieh Eshaghi Zadeh ◽  
Hossein Fahimi ◽  
Fatemeh Fardsanei ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
C 30

Background: Salmonellosis is a major food-borne disease worldwide. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella spp. is concerning. Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify class 1 integron genes and to determine antibiotic resistance patterns among Salmonella isolates from children with diarrhea. Methods: A total of 30 Salmonella isolates were recovered from children with diarrhea. The isolates were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility and screened for the presence of class 1 integron genes (i.e. intI1, sulI1, and qacEΔ1). Results: The most prevalent serotype was Enteritidis 36.7%, followed by Paratyphi C (30%), and Typhimurium (16.7%). The highest rates of antibiotic resistance were obtained for nalidixic acid (53.3%), followed by streptomycin (40%), and tetracycline (36.7%). Regarding class 1 integrons, 36.7%, 26.7%, and 33.3% of the isolates carried intI1, SulI, and qacEΔ1, respectively, most of which (81.8%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Statistical analysis revealed that the presence of class 1 integron was significantly associated with resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline (p = 0.042). However, there was no association between class 1 integron and other antibiotics used in this study (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The high frequency of integron class 1 gene in MDR Salmonella strains indicates that these mobile genetic elements are versatile among different Salmonella serotypes, and associated with reduced susceptibility to many antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Strains Isolated in Korea Containing a Multidrug Resistance Class 1 Integron

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2006-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjoo Pai ◽  
Jeong-hum Byeon ◽  
Sunmi Yu ◽  
Bok Kwon Lee ◽  
Shukho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Clonal Spread

ABSTRACT Six strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi which were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin were isolated in Korea. This multidrug resistance was transferred by a conjugative plasmid of about 50 kb. The plasmid harbored a class 1 integron, which included six resistance genes, aacA4b, catB8, aadA1, dfrA1, aac(6′)-IIa, and the novel blaP2, in that order. All of the isolates showed the same-size plasmids and the same ribotyping patterns, which suggests a clonal spread of these multidrug-resistant isolates.

PREVALENCE OF CLASS 1 INTEGRONS IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF NON-TYPHOIDAL $SALMONELLA~ENTERICA$ CIRCULATED IN ARMENIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1 (254)) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Magdalina K. Zakharyan
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Class 1

A total of 182 non-typhoid Salmonella enterica (NTS) isolates recovered from patients between 1996 and 2014 were included in the current study focused on class 1 integron detection and its association with multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. A high prevalence of isolates displaying MDR and penta-resistance (resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide, tetracycline) phenotypes of clinical significance was revealed. Serotype-specific prevalence of antimicrobial resistance as well as class 1 integrons and inserted variable segments was detected in isolates. The results indicated the limitations of current antimicrobial therapy to control infections caused by MDR isolates of NTS, especially belonging to serotype Typhimurium.

scholarly journals A Predominant Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Saintpaul Clonal Line in German Turkey and Related Food Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3657-3667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Beutlich ◽  
Irene Rodr�guez ◽  
Andreas Schroeter ◽  
Annemarie K�sbohrer ◽  
Reiner Helmuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Clonal Line ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Plasmid Profiling

ABSTRACT Recently, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Saintpaul has increasingly been observed in several countries, including Germany. However, the pathogenic potential and epidemiology of this serovar are not very well known. This study describes biological attributes of S. Saintpaul isolates obtained from turkeys in Germany based on characterization of their pheno- and genotypic properties. Fifty-five S. Saintpaul isolates from German turkeys and turkey-derived food products isolated from 2000 to 2007 were analyzed by using antimicrobial agent, organic solvent, and disinfectant susceptibility tests, isoelectric focusing, detection of resistance determinants, plasmid profiling, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and hybridization experiments. These isolates were compared to an outgroup consisting of 24 S. Saintpaul isolates obtained from humans and chickens in Germany and from poultry and poultry products (including turkeys) in Netherlands. A common core resistance pattern was detected for 27 German turkey and turkey product isolates. This pattern included resistance (full or intermediate) to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, spectinomycin, and sulfamethoxazole and intermediate resistance or decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC, 2 or 1 μg/ml, respectively) and several third-generation cephalosporins (including ceftiofur and cefoxitin [MIC, 4 to 2 and 16 to 2 μg/ml, respectively]). These isolates had the same core resistance genotype, with bla TEM-1, aadB, aadA2, sul1, a Ser83→Glu83 mutation in the gyrA gene, and a chromosomal class 1 integron carrying the aadB-aadA2 gene cassette. Their XbaI, BlnI, and combined XbaI-BlnI PFGE patterns revealed levels of genetic similarity of 93, 75, and 90%, respectively. This study revealed that a multiresistant S. Saintpaul clonal line is widespread in turkeys and turkey products in Germany and was also detected among German human fecal and Dutch poultry isolates.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella in Market Raw Oysters in Taiwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Tsun Lo ◽  
Chia-Lan Wang ◽  
Bai-Hsung Chen ◽  
Chung-Wen Hu ◽  
Chung-Hsi Chou
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Human Health Hazard

ABSTRACT We tested 137 samples of domestic shucked oysters and 114 samples of imported oysters collected from traditional retail markets and supermarkets during 2010 and 2011 in Taiwan for the presence of Salmonella. We obtained a total of 91 Salmonella isolates, representing nine serotypes, from 80 of the domestic samples. We did not find any Salmonella in the imported oysters. The presence of Salmonella contamination tended to be specific to the area from which the oysters were harvested: the Dongshih area had a significantly higher contamination rate (68.8%) than the Budai (20.0%) and Wanggong (9.1%) areas. In addition, the rate of Salmonella contamination was higher in oysters that were packed or sold with water (P < 0.05). The most commonly identified Salmonella serotypes were Saintpaul (26.4%), Newport (22.0%), and Infantis (13.2%). We screened the isolates for susceptibility to nine antimicrobials and compared them genetically by using PCR for the class 1 integron (int1), tetA, tetB, and blaPSE-1 genes. Eighteen isolates (19.8%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, and the most frequent resistances were those to tetracycline and oxytetracycline (n = 12, 14.3%).We detected the antimicrobial resistance genes int1, tetA, tetB, and blaPSE-1 in 16.5, 26.4, 6.6, and 22.0% of the isolates, respectively. Eleven of the 18 antimicrobial-resistant isolates contained one or two int1 cassettes, suggesting that the presence of int1 is highly correlated with antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates from oysters. The consumption of oysters is increasing in Taiwan, and information related to Salmonella contamination in oysters is rather limited. Our results indicate that raw oyster consumption from retail markets in Taiwan is associated with a human health hazard owing to Salmonella, including multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Class 1 Integron Resistance Gene Cassettes among Salmonella Strains Isolated from Imported Seafood

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1192-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. Khan ◽  
Elizabeth Ponce ◽  
M. S. Nawaz ◽  
Chorng-Ming Cheng ◽  
Junaid A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Streptomycin Resistance ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

ABSTRACT A total of 210 Salmonella isolates, representing 64 different serovars, were isolated from imported seafood samples, and 55/210 isolates were found to be resistant to at least one antibiotic. Class 1 integrons from three multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica strains (Salmonella enterica serovars Newport [strain 62], Typhimurium var. Copenhagen [strain 629], and Lansing [strain 803], originating from Hong Kong, the Philippines, and Taiwan, respectively) were characterized. Southern hybridization of plasmids isolated from these strains, using a class 1 integron probe, showed that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and streptomycin resistance genes were located on a megaplasmid in strain 629. Our study indicates that imported seafood could be a reservoir for Salmonella isolates resistant to multiple antibiotics.

Antimicrobial Resistance Types and Genes in Salmonella enterica Infantis Isolates from Retail Raw Chicken Meat and Broiler Chickens on Farms

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
TETSUO ASAI ◽  
MICHIYO ITAGAKI ◽  
YUTAKA SHIROKI ◽  
MAKIKO YAMADA ◽  
MITSUO TOKORO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat (n = 98) and broiler chickens on farms (n = 70) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes. A total of 15 antimicrobial resistance types, 14 in meat and 10 in broiler isolates, were identified, and 9 of the 15 types were indistinguishable between meat and broiler isolates. Resistance to both oxytetracycline and dihydrostreptomycin accounted for 94.0% of the resistance types in meat and broiler isolates, and each type harbored aadA1 within 1.0 kb of class 1 integron and tetA. Of nalidixic acid resistance types, point mutations at 87Asp (GAC) to Tyr (TAC) in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA was detected in 10 of 13 meat isolates and at 87Asp to Asn (AAC) in four of seven broiler isolates. These findings suggest that the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Infantis in retail chicken meat predominantly originates from broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Integron- and Carbenicillinase-Mediated Reduced Susceptibility to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid in Isolates of Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium DT104 from French Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Michele Guibert ◽  
Samuel Bellais ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
Patrice Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Spectinomycin Resistance ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACT Fifty-seven Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) isolates were collected from human patients in two French hospitals, Hôpital Antoine Béclère (Clamart, France) and Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France), between 1996 and 1997. Thirty of them (52 percent) were resistant to amino-, carbeni-, and ureidopenicillins, had reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, were susceptible to cephalothin, and were resistant to sulfonamides, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines. All these strains possessed a bla PSE-1-like gene and were of phage type DT104. Ten of them were studied in more detail, which revealed that bla PSE-1 is located on the variable region of a class 1 integron. This integron was found to be chromosomally located, as was another class 1 integron containingaadA2, a streptomycin-spectinomycin resistance gene. The reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (and to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid) may result from the high level of hydrolysis of the β-lactam rather than to the clavulanic acid resistance properties of PSE-1 in these clonally related S. typhimurium isolates.

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