scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Accumulates Photoactive Porphyrins and Is Killed by Visible Light

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2822-2827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Hamblin ◽  
Jennifer Viveiros ◽  
Changming Yang ◽  
Atosa Ahmadi ◽  
Robert A. Ganz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Violet Light ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori colonizes the mucus layer of the human stomach and duodenum, causes chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, and is a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. There is a 20% failure rate in antibiotic therapy, which is increasingly due to antibiotic resistance and necessitates the search for alternative antimicrobial methods. We have discovered that H. pylori when cultured in liquid medium, accumulates significant quantities of coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin IX, both in the cells and secreted into the medium. These photoactive porphyrins lead to cell death (up to 5 logs) by photodynamic action upon illumination with low doses of visible light, with blue/violet light being most efficient. The degree of killing increases with the age of the culture and is greater than that found with Propionibacterium acnes (another bacterium known to be photosensitive due to porphyrin accumulation). Both virulent and drug-resistant strains are killed. The data suggest that phototherapy might be used to treat H. pylori infection in the human stomach.

scholarly journals Rescue therapy with rifabutin regimen for refractory Helicobacter pylori infection with dual drug-resistant strain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Jung Kuo ◽  
Cheng-Yu Lin ◽  
Puo-Hsien Le ◽  
Pi-Yueh Chang ◽  
Chih-Ho Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains ◽  
Dual Drug

Abstract Background: There is no current standard rescue treatment for dual drug-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori. This aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of rifabutin-based triple therapy for patients infected with dual drug-resistant strains to clarithromycin and levofloxacin.Methods: After two or three H. pylori treatment failures, patients underwent upper endoscopy with tissue biopsies. Phenotypic and genotypic resistance was determined using agar dilution test and polymerase chain reaction with direct sequencing, respectively. Patients infected with dual drug-resistant (clarithromycin and levofloxacin) strains and received rifabutin based triple therapy (rifabutin 150 mg bid, amoxicillin 1 g bid and esomeprazole 40 mg bid for 10 days) were enrolled. Eradication status was determined by 13C-urea breath test four weeks after treatment completion. Results: A total of 39 patients infected with dual drug-resistant strains were enrolled in this study, with a mean age of 55.9 years. The eradication rate was 79.5% (31/39). Adverse event was reported in 23.1% (9/39) of patients but mild and tolerable. In univariate analysis, no factor was identified as an independent predictor of eradication failure. Conclusions: Our current study demonstrated that rifabutin-based triple therapy was well tolerated and yielded an acceptable eradication rate for patients infected with dual drug-resistant strains of H. pylori.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of a Novel Antimicrobial Agent, TG44, for Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 3062-3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Kamoda ◽  
Kinsei Anzai ◽  
Jun-ichi Mizoguchi ◽  
Masatoshi Shiojiri ◽  
Toshiharu Yanagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Structural Formula ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT Due to concerns about the current therapeutic modalities for Helicobacter pylori infection, e.g., the increased emergence of drug-resistant strains and the adverse reactions of drugs currently administered, there is a need to develop an anti-H. pylori agent with higher efficacy and less toxicity. The antibacterial activity of TG44, an anti-H. pylori agent with a novel structural formula, against 54 clinical isolates of H. pylori was examined and compared with those of amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLR), and metronidazole (MNZ). Consequently, TG44 inhibited the growth of H. pylori in an MIC range of 0.0625 to 1 μg/ml. The MIC ranges of AMX, CLR, and MNZ were 0.0078 to 8 μg/ml, 0.0156 to 64 μg/ml, and 2 to 128 μg/ml, respectively. The antibacterial activity of TG44 against AMX-, CLR-, and MNZ-resistant strains was nearly comparable to that against drug-susceptible ones. In a pH range of 3 to 7, TG44 at 3.13 to 12.5 μg/ml exhibited potent bactericidal activity against H. pylori in the stationary phase of growth as early as 1 h after treatment began, in contrast to AMX, which showed no bactericidal activity at concentrations of up to 50 μg/ml at the same time point of treatment. TG44 at 25 μg/ml exhibited no antibacterial activity against 13 strains of aerobic bacteria, suggesting that its antibacterial activity against H. pylori is potent and highly specific. The present study indicated that TG44 possesses antibacterial activity which manifests quickly and is potentially useful for eradicating not only the antibiotic-susceptible but also the antibiotic-resistant strains of H. pylori by monotherapy.

OC.06.4 HIGH RATES OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT STRAINS IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE NEVER BEEN TREATED FOR H PYLORI

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S16
Author(s):  
V. Castelli ◽  
N. Vakil ◽  
G. Fiorini ◽  
I. Saracino ◽  
C. Zaccaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

scholarly journals Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of acomplex mixture of Lactobacillus paracasei HP7 including the extract of Perilla frutescens var. acuta and Glycyrrhiza glabra

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-A Lee ◽  
Joo-Yun Kim ◽  
Jisoo Kim ◽  
Bora Nam ◽  
Okjin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Abstract The effect of standard therapeutic strategies on Helicobacter pylori infection is diminished over time owing to the emergence of drug resistant strains. In this study, we would like to confirm the enhanced effect of L. paracasei HP7, which has been reported to exert antibacterial and gastric mucosal protective effects, in combination with Perilla frutescens var. acuta (P. frutescens)and Glycyrrhiza glabra (G. glabra) extracts. P. frutescens extract and G. glabra extract were found to inhibit the growth of H. pylori in a concentration-dependent manner, and the combination of L. paracasei HP7 and P. frutescens extract and G. glabra extract effectively inhibited H. pylori from attaching to AGS a gastric epithelial cells. Moreover, L. paracasei HP7 complex mixture containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extracts has been shown to inhibit H. pylori virulence genes such as AlpA, CagA, FlaA and UreA. When H. pylori-infected mice were administered a complex mixture of L. paracasei HP7 containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extract, the infection rate of H. pylori was significantly reduced. In addition, the L. paracasei HP7 complex mixture significantly reduced serum IL-8 levels and stomach inflammation in H. pylori infected mice. These results suggest that a complex mixture of L. paracasei HP7 containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extracts may be an alternative to treating diseases caused by H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Clinical Strains of Helicobacter pylori With Strong Cell Invasiveness and the Protective Effect of Patchouli Alcohol by Improving miR-30b/C Mediated Xenophagy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifei Xu ◽  
Qiuhua Deng ◽  
Yuanzun Zhong ◽  
Li Jing ◽  
Haiwen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Patchouli Alcohol ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Transcription Factor Eb ◽  
Cell Invasiveness ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Helicobacter pylori was classified by the World Health Organization as a class 1 carcinogen. The development of drug-resistant strains of this pathogen poses a serious threat to human health worldwide. The cell invasion of H. pylori activates xenophagy in gastric epithelial cells by mediating miR-30b/c, and the emergence of autophagosomes provides a niche that enables the survival of intracellular H. pylori and promotes its drug resistance. This study revealed that some clinical drug-resistant H. pylori strains present much stronger invasive ability than standard strains. Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth (Labiatae), showed reliable activity against intracellular H. pylori. The mechanisms appeared to involve the downregulation of miR-30c-3p/5p and miR-30b-5p, thereby upregulating xenophagy-related gene expression (ULK1, ATG5, ATG12, and ATG14) and enhancing xenophagy. PA also inhibited the nuclear transfection of miR-30b-5p induced by H. pylori, thereby enhancing transcription factor EB function and increasing lysosome activity. The finding of strongly invasive intracellular H. pylori has great implications for clinical treatment, and PA can act against invasive H. pylori based on the improvement of miR-30b/c mediated xenophagy. Taken together, the results demonstrate that PA have potential use as a candidate medication for intracellular drug-resistant H. pylori.

scholarly journals ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILING OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI STRAINS AND THE EFFICACY OF BRASSICA CAPITATA AGAINST RESISTANT STRAINS ISOLATED FROM THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM GASTRODUODENAL DISEASES IN GAUHATI, ASSAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Shweta Mahant ◽  
Valentina Gehlot ◽  
Seema Bhatnagar ◽  
Megha Rikhi ◽  
Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

  Objective: Helicobacter pylori resistance toward commonly used antibiotics is increasing leading to the treatment failure; hence, our aim is to determine the antibiogram susceptibility pattern of H. pylori strains isolated from Guwahati, Assam (Northeast India) and also to test the efficacy of the Brassica capitata against the multi and dual drug-resistant strains of North and Northeast India.Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration of different antibiotics was determined by agar dilution method. Disc diffusion method was used to check the efficacy of B. capitata against clarithromycin (CLR), metronidazole (MTZ), and levofloxacin (LEV)-resistant H. pylori strains.Results: All the H. pylori strains were 100% sensitive to CLR, tetracycline, amoxicillin, and furazolidone. 72.8% of the strains were sensitive toward MTZ and 54.5% were sensitive toward LEV. B. capitata showed good efficacy against the resistant strains of H. pylori of North and Northeast India.Conclusion: Most of the H. pylori strains from Northeast India were sensitive toward the commonly used antibiotics for the treatment regime. B. capitata is effective against H. pylori infection, suggesting its potential as an alternative therapy, and opens the way for further studies on identification of novel antimicrobial targets of B. capitata.

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