Distribution and Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Surface Waters of the South Nation River Watershed, Ontario, Canada

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen thought to be widely distributed in the environment. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes isolates from surface waters derived from catchments within the South Nation River watershed (Ontario, Canada). This watershed is dominated by urban and rural development, livestock and crop production, and wildlife habitats. From June to November 2005, a total of 314 surface water samples were collected biweekly from 22 discrete sampling sites characterized by various upstream land uses. Presumptive Listeria spp. were isolated using a selective enrichment and isolation procedure, and 75 L. monocytogenes isolates were identified based on colony morphology, hemolytic activity, and amplification of three pathogenicity genes: iap, inlA, and hlyA. Thirty-two of 314 (10%) surface water samples were positive for the presence of L. monocytogenes, but detection ranged between 0 and 27% depending on the sampling date. Isolates belonging to serovar group 1/2a, 3a (50%) and group 4b, 4d, 4e (32%) were dominant. L. monocytogenes populations were resolved into 13 EcoRI ribotypes and 21 ApaI and 21 AscI pulsotypes. These had Simpson indexes of discrimination of up to 0.885. Lineage I-related isolates were dominant (61%) during the summer, whereas lineage II isolates were dominant (77%) in the fall. Isolates were, on average, resistant to 6.1 ± 2.1 antibiotics out of 17 tested. Half of the L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited potential virulence linked to the production of a functional internalin A, and some isolates were found to be moderately to highly virulent by in vitro Caco-2 plaque formation assay (up to 28% of entry). There was a statistically significant link between the occurrence of L. monocytogenes and proximity to an upstream dairy farm and degree of cropped land. Our data indicate that L. monocytogenes is widespread in the studied catchments, where it could represent a public health issue related to agricultural land use.

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Monitoring of selected fertilizer nutrients in surface waters and soils of agricultural land in the river valley in Central Poland

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2019-0061 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Irena Burzyńska

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Arable Land ◽

Soil Layer ◽

River Valley ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Cultivated Soil ◽

Surface Water Samples

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the content of soluble forms of fertilizer nutrients (N, P, K) in the cultivated soil layer up to 20 cm deep from agricultural land in the river valley, and the concentration of these nutrients in the surface waters of the Raszynka River.In the years 2016–2017, the surface water samples from the Raszynka Rriver (17 points) and soil (19 points) were collected from agricultural areas near the Raszynka River.The surface water samples were collected once a month during the March–October 2016–2017. The contents of nitrogen (Ntot, NO3-N and NH4-N), phosphorus (Ptot, PO4-P), total organic carbon (TOC and K and Ca) in soils and in waters were determined in the sample solutions.It was shown that river water was of low quality due to the high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus and electrical conductivity (EC). The most polluted were the waters of the lower section of the river located in the vicinity of arable land and agricultural built-up areas. The soluble forms of nutrients content in the cultivated soil layer was varied depending on the kind of nutrient, way of agricultural land use, and the term of soil sampling. The content of dissolved P forms in the soil was the highest in autumn on arable lands after harvesting of vegetables (GO-W: 10.24 mg Ptot·kg−1 in D.M.) and this component may migrate with surface runoff and increase the risk of surface water eutrophication.

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Concentration and Detection of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Surface Water Samples by Method 1622 Using Ultrafiltration and Capsule Filtration

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.67.3.1123-1127.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 1123-1127 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Otto D. Simmons ◽

Mark D. Sobsey ◽

Christopher D. Heaney ◽

Frank W. Schaefer ◽

Donna S. Francy

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Hollow Fiber ◽

Water Samples ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Immunomagnetic Separation ◽

Recovery Rates ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Surface Water Samples

ABSTRACT The protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvumis known to occur widely in both source and drinking water and has caused waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis. To improve monitoring, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency developed method 1622 for isolation and detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water. Method 1622 is performance based and involves filtration, concentration, immunomagnetic separation, fluorescent-antibody staining and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counterstaining, and microscopic evaluation. The capsule filter system currently recommended for method 1622 was compared to a hollow-fiber ultrafilter system for primary concentration of C. parvum oocysts in seeded reagent water and untreated surface waters. Samples were otherwise processed according to method 1622. Rates of C. parvumoocyst recovery from seeded 10-liter volumes of reagent water in precision and recovery experiments with filter pairs were 42% (standard deviation [SD], 24%) and 46% (SD, 18%) for hollow-fiber ultrafilters and capsule filters, respectively. Mean oocyst recovery rates in experiments testing both filters on seeded surface water samples were 42% (SD, 27%) and 15% (SD, 12%) for hollow-fiber ultrafilters and capsule filters, respectively. Although C. parvum oocysts were recovered from surface waters by using the approved filter of method 1622, the recovery rates were significantly lower and more variable than those from reagent grade water. In contrast, the disposable hollow-fiber ultrafilter system was compatible with subsequent method 1622 processing steps, and it recovered C. parvum oocysts from seeded surface waters with significantly greater efficiency and reliability than the filter suggested for use in the version of method 1622 tested.

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Occurrence and Distribution of Pharmaceuticals and their Transformation Products in Luxembourgish Surface Waters

10.26434/chemrxiv.14564301.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Randolph Singh ◽

Adelene Lai ◽

Jessy Krier ◽

Todor Kondić ◽

Philippe Diderich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Transformation Products ◽

Computational Tools ◽

Data Files ◽

Surface Water Samples

<p>This pre-print describes the analysis of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in surface water samples collected in Luxembourg from 2019 to 2020. Details of the experimental and computational tools and workflows used are fully described in the manuscript. Links to the suspect lists, codes used, and data files are also provided.</p>

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DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SURFACE WATERS FROM THE CRNA RIVER BASIN, REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

Contributions Section of Natural Mathematical and Biotechnical Sciences ◽

10.20903/csnmbs.masa.2018.39.1.118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dimitri Tomovski ◽

Trajče Stafilov ◽

Robert Šajn ◽

Katerina Bačeva Andonovska

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Anthropogenic Influence ◽

Mean Values ◽

Republic Of Macedonia ◽

Surface Water Samples

An investigation of the distribution of 23 chemical elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, V and Zn) in surface water samples from the entire basin of the Crna River, Republic of Macedonia, was carried out. In total 31 water samples were collected, from which 8 samples from the Crna River and 4 samples from four main tributaries of Crna River in the Pelagonia Valley (Blato, Prilepska Reka, Dragor and Jelaška Reka). Also, surface water samples were collected from 3 locations in the Tikveš Lake, 8 locations from the Majdanska River and river of Blašnica before its inflow into the Tikveš Lake and from 7 locations of the lower course of the Crna River after the dam of Tikveš Lake until its inflow into the river of Vardar. Determination of the concen-tration of the investigated elements was performed by using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES). All data obtained for the analyzed samples were statistically processed using software Stat Soft 11.0 where the descriptive statistical analysis of the value for the concentration of the elements was performed. The maps of spatial distribution of the concentration for each element and a histograms for the representation of elements with mean values of the concentrations by regions, were also prepared. The obtained results show that the concentration of investigated element are mainly followed the lithology of the region. However, higher concentrations of arsenic were found in the water samples from the river of Blašnica which is a result of anthropogenic influence from the abounded Allchar mine on the Kožuf Mountain. Also, the increased concentrations of nickel were found in the samples from the lower couse of the Crna River after the dam of Tikveš Lake due to the anthropogenic influence from the ferronickel smelter plant Feni Industry, which can influence the quality parameters of surface waters.

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Chemical Quality of Surface Water of Bhola Sadar Upazila in Bangladesh for Irrigation, Aquaculture, Drinking and Livestock Consumption

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22053 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 131-140

Author(s):

MF Karim ◽

MW Zaman ◽

R Sultana ◽

MU Nizam ◽

MR Kamruzzaman

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Pond Water ◽

Magnesium Content ◽

Low Salinity ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Hard Limit ◽

Surface Water Samples

A study was carried out with 25 pond water samples of Bhola Sadar Upazila to assess the quality of surface water for irrigation, aquaculture, drinking and livestock consumption. Chemical analyses of different parameters were done to assess the quality of water. All of the water samples showed slightly acidic in nature. Sixteen surface water samples were not suitable for drinking and aquaculture in respect of pH (pH <6.5). Electrical conductivity (EC) categorized the waters as low salinity (C1) to medium salinity (C2) class for irrigation. With respect to total dissolved solids surface waters were within highest desirable limit for drinking and irrigation and suitable for livestock consumption and aquaculture. Calcium and Magnesium content rated the samples as maximum permissible and highest desirable limit for drinking. All the samples were suitable for drinking in case of Na and K, 21 samples were not suitable for aquaculture due to higher (>5.0 mg L-1) K content. Six samples were unsuitable for livestock due to higher (Cl >30mgL- 1) Cl values. SSP rated 9 samples as good, 1 as excellent, 6 as doubtful and 9 as permissible for irrigation. With respect to RSC 21 samples were suitable, 3 were marginal and 1 was unsuitable for irrigation. Hardness classified 14 samples within moderately hard, 10 within soft and only one as hard limit for irrigation and 1 sample (No. 16) was unsuitable for livestock consumption. P, B, Cu and As concentration categorized all the samples suitable for irrigation, aquaculture, drinking and livestock consumption.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22053 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 131-140 2013

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Multi-drug resistant pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes in surface water and soil samples of Dhaka city

Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjm.v33i1.39602 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1-2) ◽

pp. 39-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Shifat E Manjur ◽

Shahariar Siddique ◽

Sangita Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Environmental Distribution ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽

Water And Soil Samples ◽

Surface Water Samples

Listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of human listeriosis is widely distributed in nature and a major threat to human health. Aiming to investigate the environmental distribution of this pathogen in Bangladesh, the current study conducted an initial investigation on 30 soil samples and 20 surface water samples for the presence of the pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes. Based on cultural, morphological, biochemical tests and presence of the virulent gene hly, 7 (14%) Listeria monocytogenes were obtained of which, surface water samples contained four Listeria monocytogenes (15%) while, three Listeria spp. (13.33%) were isolated from soil samples. Antibiotic resistance profile of the Listeria isolates showed that 100% isolates were resistant to erythromycin and resistance to oxacillin, ampicillin, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim and penicillin was 71%, 57%, 43% and 43% respectively. 71% Listeira monocytogenes isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and 100% sensitivity was observed to imipenem. This study shows that multi-drug resistant pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes is widely spread in soil and water samples in Dhaka and imposes great risk to public health. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 33, Number 1-2, June-Dec 2016, pp 39-42

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Atrazine and Metolachlor Contamination in Surface and Ground Water in the Zomba/Bvumbwe Region in Malawi

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.6.33 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 33-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Deliwe Dinah Lakudzala

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Clay Content ◽

World Health ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Liquid Chromatograph ◽

Run Off ◽

Guideline Values ◽

Surface Water Samples

A snapshot survey was conducted to assess ground and surface water contamination by atrazine and metolachlor in the Zomba/Bvumbwe region. Ground and surface water samples were collected and their atrazine and metolachlor were extracted using ethyl acetate. The extracts were cleaned up using florisil, concentrated on a rotary evaporator and detected using thin layer chromatography. No herbicide residue was detected in the groundwater samples. In surface water samples atrazine was detected in 38 % and metolachlor was detected in 15 % of the samples. The concentrations of the herbicides were at their highest soon after the first run off event after herbicide application. The concentrations, however were generally below the World Health Organization's (WHO's) recommended maximum guideline values (2 μg/ml atrazine and 10 μg/ml) metolachlor. Following the first run off event concentrations of herbicides steadily decreased with time, decreasing to zero within eight weeks of herbicide application at 37 % of the water sampling points that had herbicide contamination. Light soaking rains, higher clay content, flat land, longer distance between agricultural land and surface water body (filtering area), lower herbicide application rates and herbicide incorporation seemed to reduce herbicide export to surface water. Based on the study it is recommended that regular monitoring of pesticides in water should be done and that quantification of the pesticides should be done more accurately using a gas or liquid chromatograph with appropriate detectors. It is also recommended to follow good land husbandry practices to reduce export of pesticides to surface water bodies.

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Neonicotinoids Detection by new LC-MS/MS Method in Romanian Surface Waters

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.8.5751 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (8) ◽

pp. 1716-1722 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vasile Ion Iancu ◽

Toma Galaon ◽

Marcela Niculescu ◽

Carol Blaziu Lehr

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Danube River ◽

Limit Of Quantification ◽

Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Surface Water Samples

Increasing and widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides in all world, together with their highly toxicity to invertebrates and environmental persistence mean that surface waters need to be monitored for these compounds. In the 2015, neonicotinoid insecticides have been incorporated in the watch list of substances for a European Union monitoring program (495/2015/ EU). A new method using automated solid phase extraction (SPE) with polymeric cartridges (OASIS HLB) followed by LC-MS/MS provided good separation of the most common neonicotindoid compounds. The method was developed for the determination of four neonicotinoid insecticides (nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid) in surface water with low limit of quantification (0.3-0.9 ng/L, nanograms per liter). Recoveries in surface water samples fortified at 200 ng/L for each compound ranged from 71.4 to 109.9 %; relative standard deviation ranged from 4 to 9%. The method was applied to water samples from four streams in Romania, Danube River and its tributaries (Arges River, Jiu River, and Olt River). The surface water samples were found to be contaminated clothianidin (1.08-6.4 ng/L) and by thiamethoxam (1.1-3.8ng/L). The highest concentrations were recorded in Danube River in Oltenita point (6.4ng/L) and in Gura-Vaii point (5.5ng/L). The concentration of acetamiprid and nitenpyram were situated below limit of quantification in all samples.

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Environmental dissemination of pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes in flowing surface waters in Switzerland

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88514-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Susanne Raschle ◽

Roger Stephan ◽

Marc J. A. Stevens ◽

Nicole Cernela ◽

Katrin Zurfluh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Surface Water ◽

Food Chain ◽

Water Samples ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Whole Genome Sequence ◽

Serotype 1 ◽

Sporadic Cases ◽

Serotype 4B ◽

Surface Water Samples

AbstractListeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that is widely distributed in the environment. The aquatic environment may represent a potential source for the transmission of L. monocytogenes to animals and the food chain. The present study assessed the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in 191 surface water samples from rivers, streams and inland canals throughout Switzerland. Twenty-five (13%) of the surface water samples contained L. monocytogenes. Whole genome sequence (WGS) data were used to characterize the 25 isolates. The isolates belonged to major lineages I and II, with the majority assigned to either serotype 1/2a (48%), or 4b (44%). The predominant CCs identified were the hypervirulent serotype 4b clones CC1 and CC4, and the serotype CC412; all three have been implicated in listeriosis outbreaks and sporadic cases of human and animal infection worldwide. Two (8%) of the isolates belonged to CC6 which is an emerging hypervirulent clone. All isolates contained intact genes associated with invasion and infection, including inlA/B and prfA. The four CC4 isolates all harbored Listeria pathogenicity island 4 (LIPI-4), which confers hypervirulence. The occurrence of L. monocytogenes in river ecosystems may contribute to the dissemination and introduction of clinically highly relevant strains to the food chain.

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Analysis of Indus Delta Groundwater and Surface water Suitability for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-2019-03091356 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 1599-1608 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ghulam Shabir Solangi ◽

Altaf Ali Siyal ◽

Pirah Siyal

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Gis Mapping ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Indus Delta ◽

Surface Water Samples

The present study was conducted to analyze the suitability of groundwater and surface water of the Indus Delta, Pakistan for domestic and irrigation purposes based on the concentrations of arsenic (As), total dissolved solids (TDS), and chloride (Cl). Around 180 georeferenced groundwater and 50 surface water samples randomly collected were analyzed and mapped spatially using ArcGIS 10.5 software. The results were compared with their respective WHO and FAO guidelines. The analysis revealed that as in groundwater and surface water samples ranged up to 200, and 25 µg/L respectively. Similarly, the TDS in the groundwater and surface water ranged from 203 to 17, 664 mg/L and 378 to 38,272 mg/L respectively. The Cl in groundwater and surface water varied between 131 and 6,275 mg/L and 440 to 17,406 mg/L respectively. Overall, about 18%, 87% and 94% of the groundwater, and 10%, 92% and 56% of the surface waters possessed higher concentrations of As, TDS, and Cl, respectively. The higher levels of Cl in the samples are attributed to subsurface seawater intrusion in the delta. Analysis results and GIS mapping of water quality parameters revealed that in most of the delta, the quality of water was not suitable for drinking and agricultural purposes, thus should be properly treated before its use.

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