scholarly journals Novel High-Throughput Detection Method To Assess Bacterial Surfactant Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (16) ◽  
pp. 5363-5372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Y. Burch ◽  
Briana K. Shimada ◽  
Patrick J. Browne ◽  
Steven E. Lindow
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Swarming Motility ◽  
Detection Assay ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surfactant Production ◽  
Transposon Mutants ◽  
High Throughput Detection

ABSTRACT A novel biosurfactant detection assay was developed for the observation of surfactants on agar plates. By using an airbrush to apply a fine mist of oil droplets, surfactants can be observed instantaneously as halos around biosurfactant-producing colonies. This atomized oil assay can detect a wide range of different synthetic and bacterially produced surfactants. This method could detect much lower concentrations of many surfactants than a commonly used water drop collapse method. It is semiquantitative and therefore has broad applicability for uses such as high-throughput mutagenesis screens of biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains. The atomized oil assay was used to screen for mutants of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a that were altered in the production of biosurfactants. Transposon mutants displaying significantly altered surfactant halos were identified and further analyzed. All mutants identified displayed altered swarming motility, as would be expected of surfactant mutants. Additionally, measurements of the transcription of the syringafactin biosynthetic cluster in the mutants, the principal biosurfactant known to be produced by B728a, revealed novel regulators of this pathway.

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic patterned surfaces for directed evaporative preconcentration

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 643-650
Author(s):  
Ben Tucker ◽  
Matthias Hermann ◽  
Alexa Mainguy ◽  
Richard Oleschuk
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Patterned Surfaces ◽  
Microfluidic Platform ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Throughput Detection ◽  
Detection Schemes

We present a microfluidic platform that rapidly deposits many samples and preconcentrates them, making it suitable for a wide range of high-throughput detection schemes.

scholarly journals Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay (TINA) with infrared detection for high-throughput droplet freezing experiments with biological ice nuclei in laboratory and field samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 6327-6337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna T. Kunert ◽  
Mark Lamneck ◽  
Frank Helleis ◽  
Ulrich Pöschl ◽  
Mira L. Pöhlker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Infrared Detector ◽  
Ice Nucleation ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Ice Nuclei ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Field Samples

Abstract. For efficient analysis and characterization of biological ice nuclei under immersion freezing conditions, we developed the Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay (TINA) for high-throughput droplet freezing experiments, in which the temperature profile and freezing of each droplet is tracked by an infrared detector. In the fully automated setup, a couple of independently cooled aluminum blocks carrying two 96-well plates and two 384-well plates, respectively, are available to study ice nucleation and freezing events simultaneously in hundreds of microliter-range droplets (0.1–40 µL). A cooling system with two refrigerant circulation loops is used for high-precision temperature control (uncertainty <0.2 K), enabling measurements over a wide range of temperatures (∼ 272–233 K) at variable cooling rates (up to 10 K min−1). The TINA instrument was tested and characterized in experiments with bacterial and fungal ice nuclei (IN) from Pseudomonas syringae (Snomax®) and Mortierella alpina, exhibiting freezing curves in good agreement with literature data. Moreover, TINA was applied to investigate the influence of chemical processing on the activity of biological IN, in particular the effects of oxidation and nitration reactions. Upon exposure of Snomax® to O3 and NO2, the cumulative number of IN active at 270–266 K decreased by more than 1 order of magnitude. Furthermore, TINA was used to study aqueous extracts of atmospheric aerosols, simultaneously investigating a multitude of samples that were pre-treated in different ways to distinguish different kinds of IN. For example, heat treatment and filtration indicated that most biological IN were larger than 5 µm. The results confirm that TINA is suitable for high-throughput experiments and efficient analysis of biological IN in laboratory and field samples.

High-throughput Detection of Protein Kinase Activities in Cell Lysate Based on the Aggregation of Gold Nanoparticles with Peptides

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Katayama ◽  
Hirotaro Kitazaki ◽  
Jeong-Hun Kang ◽  
Xiaoming Han ◽  
Takeshi Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Cell Lysate ◽  
High Throughput Detection

scholarly journals Beehive Products as Antibacterial Agents: A Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 717
Author(s):  
Rita Abou Nader ◽  
Rawan Mackieh ◽  
Rim Wehbe ◽  
Dany El El Obeid ◽  
Jean Marc Sabatier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening

Honeybees are one of the most marvelous and economically beneficial insects. As pollinators, they play a vital role in every aspect of the ecosystem. Beehive products have been used for thousands of years in many cultures for the treatment of various diseases. Their healing properties have been documented in many religious texts like the Noble Quran and the Holy Bible. Honey, bee venom, propolis, pollen and royal jelly all demonstrated a richness in their bioactive compounds which make them effective against a variety of bacterial strains. Furthermore, many studies showed that honey and bee venom work as powerful antibacterial agents against a wide range of bacteria including life-threatening bacteria. Several reports documented the biological activities of honeybee products but none of them emphasized on the antibacterial activity of all beehive products. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the antibacterial activity of honey, bee venom, propolis, pollen and royal jelly, that are produced by honeybees.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of non-cytotoxic extracts of corticolous lichens sampled in Armenia

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razmik Sargsyan ◽  
Arsen Gasparyan ◽  
Gohar Tadevosyan ◽  
Hovik Panosyan
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Acetone Extracts

AbstractDue to wide range of secondary metabolites, lichens were used from antiquity as sources of colorants, perfumes and medicaments. This research focuses on exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of methanol, ethanol, acetone extracts and aqueous infusions of corticolous lichens sampled from Armenia. Methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts from all tested lichens were active against Gram-positive bacterial strains. The most effective solvent to retrieve antimicrobial compounds was methanol. Aqueous infusions of tested lichens didn’t show any significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for methanol extract of Ramalina sinensis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extract of Ramalina sinensis were 0.9–1.8 mg mL− 1. Pseudevernia furfuracea demonstrated antifungal activity (Ø 12 mm). Methanol extract of Parmelia sulcata demonstrated largest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (71 %). The cytotoxicity was measured on human HeLa (cervical carcinoma) cell lines using microculture tetrazolium test assay. The IC50 values estimated for methanol extracts of Peltigera praetextata, Evernia prunastri, Ramalina sinensis and Ramalina farinacea species in HeLa cell line were within 1.8–2.8 mg mL− 1 and considered as non-cytotoxic. Obtained results suggest that studied lichens can be prospective in biotechnologies as alternative sources of antimicrobial and antioxidant substances.

High-Throughput Detection of an Alkaloidal Plant Metabolome in Plant Extracts Using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Zareena ◽  
Adeeba Khadim ◽  
Syed Usama Y. Jeelani ◽  
Saddam Hussain ◽  
Arslan Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
High Throughput Detection

scholarly journals Single and Double Infections with Wolbachia in the Parasitic Wasp Nasonia vitripennis Effects on Compatibility

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 961-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Jeanne Perrot-Minnot ◽  
Li Rong Guo ◽  
John H Werren
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Larval Diapause ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reproductive Incompatibility ◽  
Infected Line

Abstract Wolbachia are cytoplasmically inherited bacteria responsible for reproductive incompatibility in a wide range of insects. There has been little exploration, however, of within species Wolbachia polymorphisms and their effects on compatibility. Here we show that some strains of the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis are infected with two distinct bacterial strains (A and B) whereas others are singly infected (A or B). Double and single infections are confirmed by both PCR amplification and Southern analysis of genomic DNA. Furthermore, it is shown that prolonged larval diapause (the overwintering stage of the wasp) of a double-infected strain can lead to stochastic loss of one or both bacterial strains. After diapause of a double-infected line, sublines were produced with AB, A only, B only or no Wolbachia. A and B sublines are bidirectionally incompatible, whereas males from AB lines are unidirectionally incompatible with females of A and B sublines. Results therefore show rapid development of bidirectional incompatibility within a species due to segregation of associated symbiotic bacteria.

scholarly journals Phenotypically and Genotypically Heterogeneous Strains of Pseudomonas syringae Associated With Alfalfa Leaf Spot Disease in Iran

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 3199-3208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ansari ◽  
S. Mohsen Taghavi ◽  
Sadegh Zarei ◽  
Soraya Mehrb-Moghadam ◽  
Hamzeh Mafakheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Alfalfa Leaf

In this study, we provide a polyphasic characterization of 18 Pseudomonas spp. strains associated with alfalfa leaf spot symptoms in Iran. All of the strains were pathogenic on alfalfa, although the aggressiveness and symptomology varied among the strains. All strains but one were pathogenic on broad bean, cucumber, honeydew, and zucchini, whereas only a fraction of the strains were pathogenic on sugar beet, tomato, and wheat. Syringomycin biosynthesis genes (syrB1 and syrP) were detected using the corresponding PCR primers in all of the strains isolated from alfalfa. Phylogenetic analyses using the sequences of four housekeeping genes (gapA, gltA, gyrB, and rpoD) revealed that all of the strains except one (Als34) belong to phylogroup 2b of P. syringae sensu lato, whereas strain Als34 placed within phylogroup 1 close to the type strain of P. syringae pv. apii. Among the phylogroup 2b strains, nine strains were phylogenetically close to the P. syringae pv. aptata clade, whereas the remainder were scattered among P. syringae pv. atrofaciens and P. syringae pv. syringae strains. Pathogenicity and host range assays of the bacterial strains evaluated in this study on a set of taxonomically diverse plant species did not allow us to assign a “pathovar” status to the alfalfa strains. However, these results provide novel insight into the host range and phylogenetic position of the alfalfa-pathogenic members of P. syringae sensu lato, and they reveal that phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous strains of the pathogen cause bacterial leaf spot of alfalfa.

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