scholarly journals Organoselenium Coating on Cellulose Inhibits the Formation of Biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3586-3592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phat L. Tran ◽  
Adrienne A. Hammond ◽  
Thomas Mosley ◽  
Janette Cortez ◽  
Tracy Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Surgical Wounds

ABSTRACT Among the most difficult bacterial infections encountered in treating patients are wound infections, which may occur in burn victims, patients with traumatic wounds, necrotic lesions in people with diabetes, and patients with surgical wounds. Within a wound, infecting bacteria frequently develop biofilms. Many current wound dressings are impregnated with antimicrobial agents, such as silver or antibiotics. Diffusion of the agent(s) from the dressing may damage or destroy nearby healthy tissue as well as compromise the effectiveness of the dressing. In contrast, the antimicrobial agent selenium can be covalently attached to the surfaces of a dressing, prolonging its effectiveness. We examined the effectiveness of an organoselenium coating on cellulose discs in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Colony biofilm assays revealed that cellulose discs coated with organoselenium completely inhibited P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy of the cellulose discs confirmed these results. Additionally, the coating on the cellulose discs was stable and effective after a week of incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. These results demonstrate that 0.2% selenium in a coating on cellulose discs effectively inhibits bacterial attachment and biofilm formation and that, unlike other antimicrobial agents, longer periods of exposure to an aqueous environment do not compromise the effectiveness of the coating.

EFFECT OF TOPOGRAPHICALLY PATTERNED POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE) SURFACES ON Pseudomonas aeruginosa ADHESION AND BIOFILM FORMATION

Nano LIFE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 1242004 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN F. LING ◽  
MARY V. GRAHAM ◽  
NATHANIEL C. CADY
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Static Conditions

Bacterial pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, readily form biofilms on surfaces, limiting the efficacy of antimicrobial and antibiotic treatments. To mitigate biofilm formation, surfaces are often treated with antimicrobial agents, which have limited lifetime and efficacy. Recent studies have shown that well-ordered topographic patterns can limit bacterial attachment to surfaces and limit biofilm formation. In this study, nano and microscale patterned poly(dimethylsiloxane) surfaces were evaluated for their ability to affect adhesion and biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Feature size and spacing were varied from 500 nm to 2 μm and included repeating arrays of square pillars, holes, lines and biomimetc Sharklet™ patterns. Bacterial surface adhesion and biofilm formation was assessed in microfluidic flow devices and under static conditions. Attachment profiles under static and fluid flow varied within topography types, sizes and spacing. Pillar structures of all sizes yielded lower surface attachment than line-based patterns and arrays of holes. This trend was also observed for biomimetic Sharklet™ patterns, with reduced bacterial attachment to "raised" features as compared to "recessed" features. Notably, none of the topographically patterned surfaces outperformed smooth surfaces (without topography) for resisting cell adhesion. Initial surface attachment patterns were indicative of subsequent biofilm formation and coverage, suggesting a direct role of surface topography in biofilm-based biofouling.

Betacyanin inhibited biofilm formation of co-culture of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on different polymer surfaces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yi Yong ◽  
Michelle Wei Kim Ong ◽  
Gary Dykes ◽  
Wee Sim Choo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
Hydrophobic Polymers ◽  
Crystal Violet Assay ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are bacteria that cause biofilm-associated infections. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of combined betacyanin fractions from Amaranthus dubius (red spinach) and Hylocereus polyrhizus (red pitahaya) against biofilms formed by co-culture of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa on different polymer surfaces. Various formulations containing different concentrations of the betacyanin fractions were investigated for biofilm inhibiting activity on polystyrene surfaces using the crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy. A combination of each betacyanin fraction (0.625 mg mL−1) reduced biofilm formation of five S. aureus strains and four P. aeruginosa strains from OD values of 1.24–3.84 and 1.25–3.52 to 0.81–2.63 and 0.80–1.71, respectively. These combined fractions also significantly inhibited dual-species biofilms by 2.30 and reduced 1.0–1.3 log CFU cm−2 bacterial attachment on polymer surfaces such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene and silicone rubber. This study demonstrated an increase in biofilm inhibiting activity against biofilms formed by two species using combined fractions than that of using single fractions. Betacyanins found in different plants could collectively be used to potentially decrease the risk of biofilm-associated infections caused by these bacteria on hydrophobic polymers.

scholarly journals Resistance Profile From Staphylococcus Aureus And Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Obtained From Tracheostomized Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Afonso de Almeida ◽  
Caroline Espíndola de Barros ◽  
Gustavo Henrique da Silva Ayres ◽  
Mariana Helena e Silva ◽  
Andressa Santos Liberal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Phenotypic Tests ◽  
Tracheal Secretion

Abstract Background The tracheostomized patients exhibit high risks of bacterial infections, because the tracheal tube acts as a gateway to these microorganisms. The objective was to characterize microbiologically the tracheal secretion of tracheostomized children, to evaluate the biofilm formation, and to study the phenotypic and molecular profile of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated. Methods The study collected 88 tracheal secretion samples. The material processed by phenotypic tests were performed for bacterial identification. For identification of the biofilm, the Congo red agar test and the plaque microtiter test were used, and the qPCR method was used to resistance verification. Results Were obtained 27 samples of S. aureus and 71 of P. aeruginosa . All S. aureus samples were positive for biofilm formation on Congo red agar test. In antibiogram test, S. aureus showed resistance to seven drugs. Regarding the identification of resistance genes, were amplificated bla Z in 42.8% from S. aureus and mec A in 28.6% of them. Pseudomonas aeruginosa presented resistance to eight drugs. The most frequent chromosomal genes were bla OXA with 66.7% and bla KPC with 58.3%. To plasmidial DNA, was highlighted bla NDM with 58.3% positive. Conclusion The S. aureus and P. aeruginosa characterization of colonization from lower respiratory tract associated with the use of the device in tracheotomy patients, and the physiology and antimicrobial resistance profile, will help health professionals to choose the most appropriate treatment to be administered in children with tracheotomy, increasing the chances of airway restoration and decannulation.

Resistance profile from Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Obtained from tracheostomized children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Afonso de Almeida ◽  
Caroline Espíndola de Barros ◽  
Gustavo Henrique da Silva Ayres ◽  
Mariana Helena e Silva ◽  
Andressa Santos Liberal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Phenotypic Tests ◽  
Tracheal Secretion

Abstract Background The tracheostomized patients exhibit high risks of bacterial infections, because the tracheal tube acts as a gateway to these microorganisms. The objective was to characterize microbiologically the tracheal secretion of tracheostomized children, to evaluate the biofilm formation, and to study the phenotypic and molecular profile of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated. Methods The study collected 88 tracheal secretion samples. The material processed by phenotypic tests were performed for bacterial identification. For identification of the biofilm, the Congo red agar test and the plaque microtiter test were used, and the qPCR method was used to resistance verification. Results Were obtained 27 samples of S. aureus and 71 of P. aeruginosa . All S. aureus samples were positive for biofilm formation on Congo red agar test. In antibiogram test, S. aureus showed resistance to seven drugs. Regarding the identification of resistance genes, were amplificated bla Z in 42.8% from S. aureus and mec A in 28.6% of them. Pseudomonas aeruginosa presented resistance to eight drugs. The most frequent chromosomal genes were bla OXA with 66.7% and bla KPC with 58.3%. To plasmidial DNA, was highlighted bla NDM with 58.3% positive. ConclusionThe S. aureus and P. aeruginosa characterization of colonization from lower respiratory tract associated with the use of the device in tracheotomy patients, and the physiology and antimicrobial resistance profile, will help health professionals to choose the most appropriate treatment to be administered in children with tracheotomy, increasing the chances of airway restoration and decannulation.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation by Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herb Herba patriniae

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Fu ◽  
Qiaolian Wu ◽  
Minyan Dang ◽  
Dangdang Bai ◽  
Qiao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Reporter System ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herb ◽  
Almost All

New antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to treat infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens and by pathogens capable of persisting in biofilms. The aim of this study was to identify traditional Chinese herbs that could inhibit biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important human pathogen that causes serious and difficult-to-treat infections in humans. A luxCDABE-based reporter system was constructed to monitor the expression of six key biofilm-associated genes in P. aeruginosa. The reporters were used to screen a library of 36 herb extracts for inhibitory properties against these genes. The results obtained indicated that the extract of Herba patriniae displayed significant inhibitory effect on almost all of these biofilm-associated genes. Quantitative analysis showed that H. patriniae extract was able to significantly reduce the biofilm formation and dramatically altered the structure of the mature biofilms of P. aeruginosa. Further studies showed H. patriniae extract decreased exopolysaccharide production by P. aeruginosa and promoted its swarming motility, two features disparately associated with biofilm formation. These results provided a potential mechanism for the use of H. patriniae to treat bacterial infections by traditional Chinese medicines and revealed a promising candidate for exploration of new drugs against P. aeruginosa biofilm-associated infections.

Biological Evaluation of Selected 1,2,3-triazole Derivatives as Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 2186-2191
Author(s):  
Lialyz Soares Pereira André ◽  
Renata Freire Alves Pereira ◽  
Felipe Ramos Pinheiro ◽  
Aislan Cristina Rheder Fagundes Pascoal ◽  
Vitor Francisco Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: Resistance to antimicrobial agents is a major public health problem, being Staphylococcus aureus prevalent in infections in hospital and community environments and, admittedly, related to biofilm formation in biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilms form a complex and structured community of microorganisms surrounded by an extracellular matrix adhering to each other and to a surface that gives them even more protection from and resistance against the action of antimicrobial agents, as well as against host defenses. Methods: Aiming to control and solve these problems, our study sought to evaluate the action of 1,2,3- triazoles against a Staphylococcus aureus isolate in planktonic and in the biofilm form, evaluating the activity of this triazole through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests. We have also performed cytotoxic evaluation and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the biofilms under the treatment of the compound. The 1,2,3-triazole DAN 49 showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity (MIC and MBC 128 μg/mL). In addition, its presence interfered with the biofilm formation stage (1/2 MIC, p <0.000001) and demonstrated an effect on young preformed biofilm (2 MICs, p <0.05). Results: Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed a reduction in the cell population and the appearance of deformations on the surface of some bacteria in the biofilm under treatment with the compound. Conclusion: Therefore, it was possible to conclude the promising anti-biofilm potential of 1,2,3-triazole, demonstrating the importance of the synthesis of new compounds with biological activity.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 Enhances the Efficacy of Norfloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus Newman Biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Orazi ◽  
Fabrice Jean-Pierre ◽  
George A. O’Toole
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT The thick mucus within the airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) promotes frequent respiratory infections that are often polymicrobial. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are two of the most prevalent pathogens that cause CF pulmonary infections, and both are among the most common etiologic agents of chronic wound infections. Furthermore, the ability of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus to form biofilms promotes the establishment of chronic infections that are often difficult to eradicate using antimicrobial agents. In this study, we found that multiple LasR-regulated exoproducts of P. aeruginosa, including 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (HQNO), siderophores, phenazines, and rhamnolipids, likely contribute to the ability of P. aeruginosa PA14 to shift S. aureus Newman norfloxacin susceptibility profiles. Here, we observe that exposure to P. aeruginosa exoproducts leads to an increase in intracellular norfloxacin accumulation by S. aureus. We previously showed that P. aeruginosa supernatant dissipates the S. aureus membrane potential, and furthermore, depletion of the S. aureus proton motive force recapitulates the effect of the P. aeruginosa PA14 supernatant on shifting norfloxacin sensitivity profiles of biofilm-grown S. aureus Newman. From these results, we hypothesize that exposure to P. aeruginosa PA14 exoproducts leads to increased uptake of the drug and/or an impaired ability of S. aureus Newman to efflux norfloxacin. Surprisingly, the effect observed here of P. aeruginosa PA14 exoproducts on S. aureus Newman susceptibility to norfloxacin seemed to be specific to these strains and this antibiotic. Our results illustrate that microbially derived products can alter the ability of antimicrobial agents to kill bacterial biofilms. IMPORTANCE Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are frequently coisolated from multiple infection sites, including the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers. Coinfection with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus has been shown to produce worse outcomes compared to infection with either organism alone. Furthermore, the ability of these pathogens to form biofilms enables them to cause persistent infection and withstand antimicrobial therapy. In this study, we found that P. aeruginosa-secreted products dramatically increase the ability of the antibiotic norfloxacin to kill S. aureus biofilms. Understanding how interspecies interactions alter the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial biofilms may inform treatment decisions and inspire the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Putrescine and its metabolic precursor arginine promote biofilm and c-di-GMP synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhexian Liu ◽  
Sarzana S. Hossain ◽  
Zayda Morales Moreira ◽  
Cara H. Haney
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Primary Mechanism

Pseudomonas aeruginosa , an opportunistic bacterial pathogen can synthesize and catabolize a number of small cationic molecules known as polyamines. In several clades of bacteria polyamines regulate biofilm formation, a lifestyle-switching process that confers resistance to environmental stress. The polyamine putrescine and its biosynthetic precursors, L-arginine and agmatine, promote biofilm formation in Pseudomonas spp. However, it remains unclear whether the effect is a direct effect of polyamines or through a metabolic derivative. Here we used a genetic approach to demonstrate that putrescine accumulation, either through disruption of the spermidine biosynthesis pathway or the catabolic putrescine aminotransferase pathway, promoted biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa . Consistent with this observation, exogenous putrescine robustly induced biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa that was dependent on putrescine uptake and biosynthesis pathways. Additionally, we show that L-arginine, the biosynthetic precursor of putrescine, also promoted biofilm formation, but via a mechanism independent of putrescine or agmatine conversion. We found that both putrescine and L-arginine induced a significant increase in the intracellular level of bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) (c-di-GMP), a bacterial second messenger widely found in Proteobacteria that upregulates biofilm formation. Collectively these data show that putrescine and its metabolic precursor arginine promote biofilm and c-di-GMP synthesis in P. aeruginosa . Importance: Biofilm formation allows bacteria to physically attach to a surface, confers tolerance to antimicrobial agents, and promotes resistance to host immune responses. As a result, regulation of biofilm is often crucial for bacterial pathogens to establish chronic infections. A primary mechanism of biofilm promotion in bacteria is the molecule c-di-GMP, which promotes biofilm formation. The level of c-di-GMP is tightly regulated by bacterial enzymes. In this study, we found that putrescine, a small molecule ubiquitously found in eukaryotic cells, robustly enhances P. aeruginosa biofilm and c-di-GMP. We propose that P. aeruginosa may sense putrescine as a host-associated signal that triggers a lifestyle switching that favors chronic infection.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors as biomarkers of infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur J. Sabat ◽  
Daniele Pantano ◽  
Viktoria Akkerboom ◽  
Erik Bathoorn ◽  
Alexander W. Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract The gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infections in clinical samples is based on culture tests that are time-consuming and labor-intense. For these reasons, an extraordinary effort has been made to identify biomarkers as the tools for sensitive, rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, biomarkers have been tested to distinguish colonization from infection, monitor disease progression, determine the clinical status of patients or predict clinical outcomes. This mini-review describes Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biomarkers, which contribute to pathogenesis and have been used in culture-independent bacterial identification directly from patient samples.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document