scholarly journals Lytic Myophage Abp53 Encodes Several Proteins Similar to Those Encoded by Host Acinetobacter baumannii and Phage phiKO2

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (19) ◽  
pp. 6755-6762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ni Lee ◽  
Tsai-Tien Tseng ◽  
Juey-Wen Lin ◽  
Yung-Chieh Fu ◽  
Shu-Fen Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Tail Fiber ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniiis an important Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections. The emergence of multiple-drug-resistantA. baumanniiisolates has increased in recent years. Directed toward phage therapy, a lytic phage ofA. baumannii, designated Abp53, was isolated from a sputum sample in this study. Abp53 has an isometric head and a contractile tail with tail fibers (belonging toMyoviridae), a latent period of about 10 min, and a burst size of approximately 150 PFU per infected cell. Abp53 could completely lyse 27% of theA. baumanniiisolates tested, which were all multiple drug resistant, but not other bacteria. Mg2+enhanced the adsorption and productivity of, and host lysis by, Abp53. Twenty Abp53 virion proteins were visualized in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a 47-kDa protein being the predicted major capsid protein. Abp53 has a double-stranded DNA genome of 95 kb. Sequence analyses of a 10-kb region revealed 8 open reading frames. Five of the encoded proteins, including 3 tail components and 2 hypothetical proteins, were similar to proteins encoded byA. baumanniistrain ACICU. ORF1176 (one of the tail components, 1,176 amino acids [aa]), which is also similar to tail protein gp21 ofKlebsiellaphage phiKO2, contained repeated domains similar to those within the ACICU_02717 protein ofA. baumanniiACICU and gp21. These findings suggest a common ancestry and horizontal gene transfer during evolution. As phages can expand the host range by domain duplication in tail fiber proteins, repeated domains in ORF1176 might have a similar significance in Abp53.

scholarly journals Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia: Risk Factors for Mortality and Microbiologic Treatment Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna J. Buehrle ◽  
Ryan K. Shields ◽  
Lloyd G. Clarke ◽  
Brian A. Potoski ◽  
Cornelius J. Clancy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Active Therapy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

ABSTRACT We reviewed 37 patients treated for bacteremia due to carbapenem-resistant (CR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Although 65% of isolates were multiple-drug resistant, therapeutic options were available, as all were susceptible to ≥1 antibiotic. A total of 92% of patients received active antimicrobial therapy, but only 57% received early active therapy (within 48 h). Fourteen-day mortality was 19%. Microbiologic failure occurred in 29%. The Pitt bacteremia score (P = 0.046) and delayed active therapy (P = 0.027) were predictive of death and microbiologic failure, respectively.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium tuberculosis Subculture Results in Loss of Potentially Clinically Relevant Heteroresistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Z. Metcalfe ◽  
Elizabeth Streicher ◽  
Grant Theron ◽  
Rebecca E. Colman ◽  
Renee Penaloza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Genotypic Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Dynamic Loss ◽  
Tb Diagnostics ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) presents a major public health dilemma. Heteroresistance, the coexistence of drug-resistant and drug-susceptible strains or of multiple drug-resistant strains with discrete haplotypes, may affect accurate diagnosis and the institution of effective treatment. Subculture, or passage of cells onto fresh growth medium, is utilized to preserve Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell lines and is universally employed in TB diagnostics. The impact of such passages, typically performed in the absence of drug, on drug-resistant subpopulations is hypothesized to vary according to the competitive costs of genotypic resistance-associated variants. We applied ultradeep next-generation sequencing to 61 phenotypically rifampin-monoresistant (n = 17) and preextensively (n = 41) and extensively (n = 3) drug-resistant isolates with presumptive heteroresistance at two time points in serial subculture. We found significant dynamic loss of minor-variant resistant subpopulations across all analyzed resistance-determining regions, including eight isolates (13%) whose antibiogram data would have transitioned from resistant to susceptible for at least one drug through subculture. Surprisingly, some resistance-associated variants appeared to be selected for in subculture.

scholarly journals Phage Digestion of a Bacterial Capsule Imparts Resistance to Two Antibiotic Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hung Luo ◽  
Ya-Han Hsu ◽  
Wen-Jui Wu ◽  
Kai-Chih Chang ◽  
Chen-Sheng Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Tail Fiber ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tail Fiber Protein ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria, replicating and multiplying using host resources. For specific infections, bacteriophages have developed extraordinary proteins for recognizing and degrading their host. Inspired by the remarkable development of viral proteins, we used the tail fiber protein to treat multiple drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The tail fiber protein exhibits polysaccharide depolymerases activity which specifically degrades exopolysaccharide (EPS) during the phage–host interaction. However, EPS-degraded cells are observed altering host susceptibility to bacterial lysis peptide, the endolysin-derived peptide. Notably, endolysin is necessary in the process of progeny liberation by breaking the bacterial cell wall. Surprisingly, peeling the EPS animated host to resist colistin, the last-resort antibiotic used in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infection. Tail fiber-modified cell wall reduces colistin attachment, causing temporary antibiotic-resistance and possibly raising clinical risks in treating multiple drug-resistant A. baumannii.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain ATCC 43816

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Budnick ◽  
X. Renee Bina ◽  
James E. Bina
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is a member of Enterobacteriaceae that causes a multitude of infections in compromised and healthy individuals. The rise of hypervirulent and multiple-drug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains has made this organism a global health threat. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of K. pneumoniae strain ATCC 43816.

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