scholarly journals Enhanced Carotenoid Biosynthesis by Oxidative Stress in Acetate-Induced Cyst Cells of a Green Unicellular Alga, Haematococcus pluvialis

1993 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makio Kobayashi ◽  
Toshihide Kakizono ◽  
Shiro Nagai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Unicellular Alga ◽  
Cyst Cells

Melatonin: a novel strategy for prevention of obesity and fat accumulation in peripheral organs through the improvements of circadian rhythms and antioxidative capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohan Rong ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Chao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidative Capacity ◽  
Unicellular Alga ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Peripheral Organs ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Novel Strategy

Melatonin is a well-known molecule for its involvement in circadian rhythm regulation and its contribution to protection against oxidative stress in organisms including unicellular alga, animals and plants. Currently, the bio-regulatory effects of melatonin on the physiology of various peripheral tissues have drawn a great attention of scientists. Although melatonin was previously defined as a neurohormone secreted from pineal gland, recently it has been identified that virtually, every cell has the capacity to synthesize melatonin and the locally generated melatonin has multiple pathophysiological functions, including regulations of obesity and metabolic syndromes. Herein, we focus on the effects of melatonin on fat deposition in various peripheral organs/tissues. The two important regulatory mechanisms related to the topic, i.e., the improvements of circadian rhythms and antioxidative capacity will be thoroughly discussed since they are linked to several biomarkers involved in obesity and energy imbalance, including metabolism and immunity. Furthermore, several other functions of melatonin which may serve to prevent or promote obesity and energy dysmetabolism-induced pathological states are also addressed. The organs of special interest include liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Transposition of Insertion Sequences was Triggered by Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanjae Lee ◽  
Nakjun Choi ◽  
Min K. Bae ◽  
Kyungsil Choo ◽  
Sung-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Mutant Strain ◽  
Mutant Cell ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Is Element ◽  
Deinococcus Geothermalis ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Radiation Resistant

During an oxidative stress-response assay on a putative Dps-like gene-disrupted Δdgeo_0257 mutant strain of radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis, a non-pigmented colony was observed among the normal reddish color colonies. This non-pigmented mutant cell subsequently displayed higher sensitivity to H2O2. While carotenoid has a role in protecting as scavenger of reactive oxygen species the reddish wild-type strain from radiation and oxidative stresses, it is hypothesized that the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway has been disrupted in the mutant D. geothermalis cell. Here, we show that, in the non-pigmented mutant cell of interest, phytoene desaturase (Dgeo_0524, crtI), a key enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis, was interrupted by transposition of an ISDge7 family member insertion sequence (IS) element. RNA-Seq analysis between wild-type and Δdgeo_0257 mutant strains revealed that the expression level of ISDge5 family transposases, but not ISDge7 family members, were substantially up-regulated in the Δdgeo_0257 mutant strain. We revealed that the non-pigmented strain resulted from the genomic integration of ISDge7 family member IS elements, which were also highly up-regulated, particularly following oxidative stress. The transposition path for both transposases is a replicative mode. When exposed to oxidative stress in the absence of the putative DNA binding protein Dgeo_0257, a reddish D. geothermalis strain became non-pigmented. This transformation was facilitated by transposition of an ISDge7 family IS element into a gene encoding a key enzyme of carotenoid biosynthesis. Further, we present evidence of additional active transposition by the ISDge5 family IS elements, a gene that was up-regulated during the stationary phase regardless of the presence of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS EXTRACT PROMOTING THE RECOVERY OF MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN ALZHEIMER’S RATS: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIAPOPTOTIC EFFECTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Farouk Kamel Elbaz ◽  
Hanan F Aly ◽  
Wagdy Kb Khalil ◽  
Gamila H Ali ◽  
Hoda F Booles
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Akt

ABSTRACTObjective: The present study was conducted to investigate the role of Haematococcus pluvialis extract against oxidative damage, the inflammatory,and apoptotic impacts characterizing the neurodegenerative disorders.Methods: Oxidative stress, B-cell lymphoma 2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the inflammation, apoptotic and antiapoptotic impacts in Alzheimer’sdisease (AD) rats were determined through assessment of glutathione reduced (GSH), GSH peroxidase (GPx), lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde), thecytokines level such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β), and macrophage inflammation protein (MIP1α) in AD rats.Moreover, the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and serine-threonine protein kinase (Akt) genes regulating the apoptosis in AD ratswas measured.Results: The results revealed that levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MIP1α were significantly increased in AD rats. Moreover, the expression of PI3Kand Akt genes was downregulated which it was coincided with the increase of apoptosis in AD rats. On the other hand, treatment of AD rats withH. pluvialis extract decreased the oxidative stress of AD in the form of prevention the inflammatory and apoptotic impacts.Conclusion: H. pluvialis could be used for ameliorating AD due to its role in decreases the oxidative stress of AD in the form of prevention theinflammatory and apoptotic impacts. H. pluvialis is a very attractive candidate for uses against neurodegenerative disorders that are caused byincreases oxidative stress inducing neuroinflammation and apoptosis.Keywords: Haematococcus pluvialis, Oxidative stress, Inflammation biomarkers, Apoptotic and antiapoptotic impacts.

scholarly journals An Antioxidant Defense System in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis against Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanjae Lee ◽  
Min K. Bae ◽  
Sung-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Resistant Bacterium ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Deinococcus Geothermalis ◽  
Radiation Resistant

A radiation-resistant bacterium, Deinococcus geothermalis has various stress response mechanisms, including antioxidation. Features that maintain vitality at high radiation doses include the following: enzymatic scavengers of ROS such as catalase, SOD, and peroxidase; strain-specific DNA repair systems such as Deinococcal unique proteins; non-enzymatic responses such as manganese complexes, carotenoids, and DNA-binding proteins. This chapter summarizes the primary response mechanism by redox balance centered on the cystine transporter. It also reviews action characteristics of DNA-binding protein Dps and a putative LysR family protein, and effects on loss of function of the carotenoid biosynthesis genes by transposition of insertion sequences. Environmental adaptation and molecular evolution of radiation-resistant bacterium are also considered to explain the potentials of molecular behavior induced by oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Prevents Oxidative Stress on Human Endothelial Cells without Toxicity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2857-2874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Régnier ◽  
Jorge Bastias ◽  
Violeta Rodriguez-Ruiz ◽  
Noelia Caballero-Casero ◽  
Carmen Caballo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Human Endothelial Cells
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