scholarly journals Rapid Identification of Bacteria in Blood Cultures by Using Fluorescently Labeled Oligonucleotide Probes

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 814-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Jansen ◽  
M. Mooibroek ◽  
J. Idema ◽  
H. J. M. Harmsen ◽  
G. W. Welling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cell Hybridization ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Whole Cell

The applicability of whole-cell hybridization for the identification of pathogenic bacteria in blood from septic patients was examined. Oligonucleotide probes, fluorescently labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, directed against the variable regions of the 16S rRNAs of the following bacterial species and/or genera were used: Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the Enterobacteriaceae family. A probe specific for the rRNAs of almost all bacteria and its complementary, reversed counterpart was used as positive and negative control, respectively. The probes were used in conjunction with a fast and simple-to-use protocol for whole-cell hybridization. This protocol yields an identification after 25 to 45 min, depending on whether the bacterium is gram positive or gram negative. A total of 182 blood samples which tested positive in a blood culture machine were investigated. All probes except for the ones for S. aureusand the CoNS showed sensitivities and specificities of 1.000. It was concluded that whole-cell hybridization is well suited for the fast screening of septic blood containing streptococci and/or enterococci or gram-negative rods.

scholarly journals Oligonucleotide Probes for the Identification of Three Algal Groups by Dot Blot and Fluorescent Whole-Cell Hybridization

2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATHALIE SIMON ◽  
LISA CAMPBELL ◽  
ERLA ORNOLFSDOTTIR ◽  
RENE GROBEN ◽  
LAURE GUILLOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Cell Hybridization ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Algal Groups

scholarly journals In VitroActivity of AZD0914, a Novel Bacterial DNA Gyrase/Topoisomerase IV Inhibitor, against Clinically Relevant Gram-Positive and Fastidious Gram-Negative Pathogens

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 6053-6063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽  
Michael D. Huband ◽  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Boudewijn L. M. de Jonge ◽  
Daniel F. Sahm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Dna Gyrase ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTAZD0914, a new spiropyrimidinetrione bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitor with a novel mode of inhibition, has activity against bacterial species commonly cultured from patient infection specimens, including fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. This study assessed thein vitroactivity of AZD0914 against key Gram-positive and fastidious Gram-negative clinical isolates collected globally in 2013. AZD0914 demonstrated potent activity, with MIC90s for AZD0914 of 0.25 mg/liter againstStaphylococcus aureus(n= 11,680), coagulase-negative staphylococci (n= 1,923), streptococci (n= 4,380), andMoraxella catarrhalis(n= 145), 0.5 mg/liter againstStaphylococcus lugdunensis(n= 120) andHaemophilus influenzae(n= 352), 1 mg/liter againstEnterococcus faecalis(n= 1,241), and 2 mg/liter againstHaemophilus parainfluenzae(n= 70). The activity againstEnterococcus faeciumwas more limited (MIC90, 8 mg/liter). The spectrum and potency of AZD0914 included fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates in each species group, including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, penicillin-resistant streptococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, β-lactamase-producingHaemophilusspp., andM. catarrhalis. Based on thesein vitrofindings, AZD0914 warrants further investigation for its utility against a variety of Gram-positive and fastidious Gram-negative bacterial species.

scholarly journals Fluorescent Whole-Cell Hybridization with 16S rRNA-Targeted Oligonucleotide Probes To Identify Brucellaspp. by Flow Cytometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2768-2771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Fernández-Lago ◽  
F. Javier Vallejo ◽  
Ignacio Trujillano ◽  
Nieves Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hybridization Assay ◽  
Hybridization Technique ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Cell Hybridization ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Detection And Identification

A whole-cell hybridization assay with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes derived from the 16S rRNA sequence of Brucella abortus in combination with flow cytometry has been developed. With the three fluorescent probes selected, a positive signal was observed with all the representative strains of the species and biovars of Brucella and with a total of nine differentBrucella clinical isolates. Using the B9 probe in the hybridization assay, it was possible to discriminate betweenBrucella suis biovars 2, 3, 4, and 5 and almost all the other Brucella spp. On the basis of differences in fluorescence intensities, no discrimination was established betweenBrucella spp. and other phylogenetically related microorganisms. No positive fluorescence signals were detected with any of the bacteria showing serological cross-reactions withBrucella spp. and with a total of 17 clinical isolates not belonging to the genus Brucella. These results suggest that the 16S rRNA whole-cell hybridization technique could be a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection and identification ofBrucella spp.

Bacterial Infection in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Controlled Paired Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Background The aim of this study was to determine if pathogenic bacteria are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods A consecutive series of adult patients with unilateral sinus disease determined by unilateral radiographic involvement or unilateral purulent secretions was microbiologically studied. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial and fungal cultures were obtained during endoscopic sinus surgery from purulent secretions or tissue culture. Positive culture rates were compared between the diseased sinus and the contralateral nondiseased (control) sinus to determine if pathogenic bacteria were more commonly recovered from the diseased sinuses. Results Forty-nine adult patients completed the study with appropriate microbiological data. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly recovered bacteria followed by Staphylococcus aureus from the diseased side of the sinuses with similar findings for the control sinus. Bacterial species were recovered from 87.8% of the diseased side of the sinuses versus 85.7% from the control sinuses (p = 0.50). Reanalysis with coagulase-negative staphylococci considered as non-pathogen showed a 46.9 and 49.0% positive bacterial culture rate in diseased and control groups, respectively (p = 0.50). No significant difference in positive anaerobic culture rates were identified between groups (59.1% diseased versus 55.1% control, respectively, p = 0.61). Antibiotic resistance rates were no different between bacteria cultured from diseased sinuses versus control (p = 0.115). Conclusion Both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial species may be recovered from both diseased and nondiseased sinuses in patients with CRS. These findings cast some doubt on the exact etiologic role of bacteria in CRS, suggesting other factors or other agents also may be responsible in CRS pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Identification of “Candidatus Thioturbo danicus,” a Microaerophilic Bacterium That Builds Conspicuous Veils on Sulfidic Sediments

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 8929-8933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Muyzer ◽  
Esengül Yildirim ◽  
Udo van Dongen ◽  
Michael Kühl ◽  
Roland Thar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Cell Hybridization ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Appl Environ

ABSTRACT Molecular analysis of bacteria enriched under in situ-like conditions and mechanically isolated by micromanipulation showed that a hitherto-uncultivated microaerophilic bacterium thriving in oxygen-sulfide counter-gradients (R. Thar and M. Kühl, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:6310-6320, 2000) is affiliated with the ε-subdivision of the Proteobacteria. The affiliation was confirmed by the use of whole-cell hybridization with newly designed specific oligonucleotide probes. The bacterium belongs to a new genus and received the provisional name “Candidatus Thioturbo danicus.”

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from the infected wounds of patients with lymphoedema in East Wollega, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 962-973
Author(s):  
Dereje Nigussie ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen ◽  
Belete Adefris Legesse ◽  
Abebaw Fekadu ◽  
Gail Davey
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Culture Positive

Abstract Background Lymphoedema is caused by dysfunction of the lymphatic system resulting in accumulation of high-protein content fluid in the interstitial space. To date, the bacteria associated with wound infections of patients with lower limb lymphoedema in Ethiopia have not been studied. This study identified pathogenic bacteria involved in wound infection and assessed antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in patients with lymphoedema in Ethiopia. Methods Swab samples were collected from the wounds of patients with lymphoedema and cultured using standard microbiological techniques. Micro-organisms were identified by colony morphology followed by identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the automated VITEK 2 COMPACT Microbial Detection System. Results Swabs were collected from 103 patients and 84 were culture positive: 44 (52.4%) culture-positive samples showed polymicrobial growth and 40 (47.6%) grew single bacterial isolates. In total, 134 isolates were obtained, of which 26 gram-negative and 12 gram-positive bacterial species were identified. A total of 28/63 (44.4%) gram-negative isolates and 3/57 (5.3%) gram-positive isolates were multiple drug resistant. There was no resistance to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin or gentamycin among gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion In this study, many infections were polymicrobial and showed multiple drug resistance. Fluoroquinolones and gentamycin, however, seemed to be effective against bacterial wound infection in this setting.

scholarly journals Distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacterial species in stray cats, hospital-visiting cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Kyung Jung ◽  
Sook Shin ◽  
Young Kyung Park ◽  
Suk-Kyung Lim ◽  
Dong-Chan Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is becoming increasingly important in both human and veterinary medicine. According to the One Health concept, an important step is to monitor the resistance patterns of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and trends of bacteria isolated from stray cats, hospital-visiting cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea between 2017 and 2018 were investigated. Results The minimum inhibitory concentrations of different antibiotics for Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae , and Enterococcus spp. were determined to establish representatives of different antibiotic classes relevant for treatment or surveillance. For Coagulase-positive and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, resistance to fluoroquinolones was below 13%, but resistance to ampicillin and penicillin was high (20–88%). A total of 9.5%, 12.1%, and 40.3% of staphylococcal isolates from stray cats, hospital-visiting cats, and veterinary staff, respectively, were confirmed to be mecA positive. For Enterobacteriaceae , resistance to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and 3rd generation cephalosporins was low (0–11.1%). The Enterococcus spp. isolates showed no resistance to vancomycin. The antimicrobial resistance rates of the Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae isolates from stray cats were usually lower than those of isolates from hospital-visiting cats and veterinary staff, but the Enterococcus spp. isolates revealed the opposite. Thus, the antimicrobial resistance varied across bacterial species according to the source from which they were isolated. Conclusions Resistance to critically important compounds were low. These results emphasize the fact that more attention should be paid to the use of antimicrobials and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in cats.

scholarly journals Relationship between Virulence and Resistance among Gram-Negative Bacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Virginio Cepas ◽  
Sara M. Soto
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Bacteria present in the human body are innocuous, providing beneficial functions, some of which are necessary for correct body function. However, other bacteria are able to colonize, invade, and cause damage to different tissues, and these are categorised as pathogens. These pathogenic bacteria possess several factors that enable them to be more virulent and cause infection. Bacteria have a great capacity to adapt to different niches and environmental conditions (presence of antibiotics, iron depletion, etc.). Antibiotic pressure has favoured the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide. Several studies have reported the presence of a relationship (both positive and negative, and both direct and indirect) between antimicrobial resistance and virulence among bacterial pathogens. This review studies the relationship among the most important Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) taking into account two points of view: (i) the effect the acquisition of resistance has on virulence, and (ii) co-selection of resistance and virulence. The relationship between resistance and virulence among bacteria depends on the bacterial species, the specific mechanisms of resistance and virulence, the ecological niche, and the host.

scholarly journals Theatre Shoes — A Link in the Common Pathway of Postoperative Wound Infection?

2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouin Amirfeyz ◽  
Andrew Tasker ◽  
Sami Ali ◽  
Karen Bowker ◽  
Ashley Blom
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Postoperative Wound Infection ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Staphylococcal Species ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Working Day

INTRODUCTION Operating department staff are usually required to wear dedicated theatre shoes whilst in the theatre area but there is little evidence to support the beneficial use of theatre shoes. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a study to assess the level of bacterial contamination of theatre shoes at the beginning and end of a working day, and compared the results with outdoor footwear. RESULTS We found the presence of pathogenic bacterial species responsible for postoperative wound infection on all shoe groups, with outdoor shoes being the most heavily contaminated. Samples taken from theatre shoes at the end of duty were less contaminated than those taken at the beginning of the day with the greatest reduction being in the number of coagulase-negative staphylococcal species grown. Studies have demonstrated that floor bacteria may contribute up to 15% of airborne bacterial colony forming units in operating rooms. The pathogenic bacteria we isolated have also been demonstrated as contaminants in water droplets spilt onto sterile gloves after surgical scrubbing. CONCLUSIONS Theatre shoes and floors present a potential source for postoperative infection. A combination of dedicated theatre shoe use and a good floor washing protocol controls the level of shoe contamination by coagulase-negative staphylococci in particular. This finding is significant given the importance of staphylococcal species in postoperative wound infection.

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