Assessment of the Functional State of Respiratory Muscles: Methodological Aspects and Data Interpretation

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
M. O. Segizbaeva ◽  
N. P. Aleksandrova
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Methodological Aspects

BIOFEED BACK THERAPY AND CYTOFLAVIN IN THE SYSTEM OF MEDICAL SUPPORT OF THE TRAINING PROCESS OF ELDERLY HOCKEY PLAYERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 306-310
Author(s):  
А. А. Елькин ◽  
Ю. А. Парфенов ◽  
С. А. Парфенов ◽  
К.В. Сапожников ◽  
А. Л. Коваленко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Одним из направлений улучшения состояния пожилого человека является методика аутотренинга с биологической обратной связью как средство коррекции отклонений функционирования регуляторного аппарата, а также усиление антиоксидантной защиты и элиминация последствий оксидативного стресса при помощи терапии Цитофлавином. Указанные методики представляются простым и эффективным средством коррекции негативных изменений функционального состояния у пожилых хоккеистов после цикла тренировок и обеспечение возможности более полного восстановления их организма. Разность точек приложения позволила объединить приём Цитофлавина и БОС-тренинга в единую комплексную коррекционно-восстановительную методику. Цель исследования - рассмотрение организационно-методических аспектов внедрения комплексной методики коррекции функционального состояния пожилых хоккеистов в систему сопровождения их тренировочного процесса. По результатам проведенного исследования получены убедительные данные о положительном эффекте включения Цитофлавина и БОС-тренинга в систему медицинского сопровождения тренировочного процесса у пожилых хоккеистов. Рассмотренные в настоящей статье организационнометодические аспекты внедрения комплексной методики коррекции функционального состояния пожилых хоккеистов в систему сопровождения их тренировочного процесса позволяют решить ряд задач, стоящих перед медицинскими работниками, касающихся непрерывного мониторинга состояния организма пожилых хоккеистов, упреждающей диагностики его негативных отклонений, а также системы коррекционно-восстановительных мер. One of the ways to improve the condition of the elderly body is the method of auto-training with biofeedback, as a means of correcting deviations in the functioning of the regulatory apparatus, as well as improving antioxidant protection and eliminating the effects of oxidative stress using Cytoflavin therapy. These methods seem to be a simple and effective means of correcting negative changes in the FS of elderly hockey players after a training cycle and ensuring the possibility of a more complete recovery of their body. The difference in the points of application made it possible to combine the intake of Cytoflavin and biofeedback training into a single complex correctional and restorative technique. Purpose of the research: to consider the organizational and methodological aspects of introducing a comprehensive methodology for correcting the functional state of elderly hockey players into the system of support of their training process. Based on the results of the study, we have obtained convincing data on the positive effect of the inclusion of Cytoflavin and biofeedback training in the system of medical support for the training process of elderly hockey players. The organizational and methodological aspects of introducing a comprehensive methodology for correcting the functional state of older hockey players into the system of support for their training process considered in this article make it possible to solve a number of problems facing medical workers regarding continuous monitoring of the functional state of older hockey players, proactive diagnosis of their negative deviations, as well as a system of reabilitation.

ROLE OF RESPIRATORY RATE IN THE TOLERABILITY OF PERSONAL RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Byalovsky ◽  
I. S. Rakitina
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Respiratory Resistance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Subjective Indicators ◽  
Initial Frequency ◽  
Subjective Discomfort ◽  
Respiratory Movements

The factor limiting the tolerance of personal respiratory protection equipment should be considered the frequency of respiratory movements, which reflexively changes when additional respiratory resistance occurs. Unfortunately, there is almost no information in the available literature about changes in the tolerability of personal respiratory protection equipment at different rates of respiratory movements. The purpose of this work was to study the tolerability of personal respiratory protection equipment when changing the frequency of respiratory movements.The study was conducted on practically healthy persons of both sexes (78 people), aged from 20 to 36 years. To simulate the conditions for the use of personal respiratory protection equipment, inspiratory resistive respiratory loads of 20% of the maximum intraoral pressure during the Mueller test were used. The tolerance of personal respiratory protection equipment was assessed using the Borg visual analogue of dyspnea scale, which reflected the level of subjective discomfort that occurs when additional respiratory resistance is turned on. During the action of additional respiratory resistance, the persons were asked to hold the frequency of respiratory movements, which was set using a special setting.An increase in the rate of respiratory movements against the background of additional respiratory resistance leads to a significant deterioration in the objective and subjective indicators of the functional state of the persons; replacing the inhaled air with an oxygen-rich respiratory mixture with carbon dioxide absorption did not lead to a significant improvement in the functional state. A moderate decrease (up to 70% of the initial frequency of respiratory movements) in the rate of respiration leads to an improvement in the indicators of adaptive activity in conditions of additional respiratory resistance. A significant decrease (up to 35% of the initial frequency of respiratory movements) in the rate of respiration under conditions of additional respiratory resistance leads to a deterioration of objective and subjective indicators of the functional state of the subjects.An increase in peak respiratory flow rates caused by an increase in the rate of respiration, in accordance with the well – known Rohrer equation, significantly increases inelastic resistance and, as a result, respiratory needs. These needs can be met at some time due to a significant increase in the work of the respiratory muscles, but due to fatigue of the latter, psychoemotional tension increases quite quickly and the use of personal respiratory protection equipment is abandoned.

scholarly journals Functional Characteristics of the Respiratory System of People of All Ages

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Igor Isupov ◽  
Julia Syagailo ◽  
Artem Mazembah
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Regional Hemodynamics ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
The Impact

Studies of the functional state of the respiratory system have been widely used to assess the adaptive reserves of the human body. The functional state of the respiratory system is closely related to the functional characteristics of systemic and regional hemodynamics, functional reserves of the blood system. With changes in the social status of a person, the adaptive potential of his body can significantly decrease. Reliable markers of the limitations of adaptive potential in people of different ages are the decrease in the values of the main pulmonary volumes in the conditions of physiological rest and when performing test load tests. The negative dynamics of forced expirations due to the decrease in the strength of the auxiliary respiratory muscles and changing depending on age was established. The presence of this undesirable phenomenon can be a marker of reducing adaptation reserves in the study of the impact of environmental factors on the phenomenon of premature aging.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF RESPIRATORY GYMNASTICS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V. Pronina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases

This article describes the applied complex of breathing and restorative exercises for preschool children, with the help of which it is possible to strengthen the respiratory muscles of children and to prevent acute respiratory diseases. The assessment of the functional indicators of the children's respiratory system was carried out by the spirometry method.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLES OF PATIENTS WITH A COMPLICATED BRONCHIAL ASTHMA PATHOLOGY AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Yuriy Feschenko ◽  
Ksenia Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs

The aim of the research was to study the functional state of respiratory muscles and neuro-respiratory drive in patients with a combined pathology of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The functional condition of the respiratory muscles and the tone of the respiratory centre were determined with the help of a device for occlusion spirometry. Also, the patient was observed with a spirometry, a general plethysmography of the body. Materials and methods. 140 patients with combined broncho-obstructive pathology, 34 patients with asthma and 17 patients with COPD were examined. Spirometry, general plethysmography of the body and occlusion spirometry were provided for all patients. Results show a decrease in muscle strength of breath in all categories of patients with broncho-obstructive diseases, especially expressed in patients with bronchial asthma and asthma-COPD intersection. The muscle strength of breath was maintained with a significant increase in COPD patients compared with those with bronchial asthma. With increasing broncho-obstruction in patients with asthma-COPD intersection, there was a progressive and reliable decrease in muscle strength for breath and expiration, as well as a tendency to increase neuron respiratory drive. In patients with asthma-COPD intersection with more expressed symptoms revealed a significant and reliable weakening of muscle strength for breath and increased neuro-respiratory drive. During the work were obtained reliable links of the parameters of respiratory muscle strength not only with the parameters of pulmonary volume and bronchial patency, but also with the degree of neutrophilic inflammation in this category of patients. Conclusions The obtained data on failure of the functional state of the respiratory muscles and the neuro-respiratory drive can be used in the development of rehabilitation programs for the management of patients with combined broncho-obstructive pathology.

scholarly journals Precision Medicine and Melanoma: Multi-Omics Approaches to Monitoring the Immunotherapy Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Valenti ◽  
Italia Falcone ◽  
Sara Ungania ◽  
Flora Desiderio ◽  
Patrizio Giacomini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

The treatment and management of patients with metastatic melanoma have evolved considerably in the “era” of personalized medicine. Melanoma was one of the first solid tumors to benefit from immunotherapy; life expectancy for patients in advanced stage of disease has improved. However, many progresses have yet to be made considering the (still) high number of patients who do not respond to therapies or who suffer adverse events. In this scenario, precision medicine appears fundamental to direct the most appropriate treatment to the single patient and to guide towards treatment decisions. The recent multi-omics analyses (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, radiomics, etc.) and the technological evolution of data interpretation have allowed to identify and understand several processes underlying the biology of cancer; therefore, improving the tumor clinical management. Specifically, these approaches have identified new pharmacological targets and potential biomarkers used to predict the response or adverse events to treatments. In this review, we will analyze and describe the most important omics approaches, by evaluating the methodological aspects and progress in melanoma precision medicine.

High Resolution Microscopy of Multi-Layered Biological Crystals

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
H.A. Cohen ◽  
T.W. Jeng ◽  
W. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Density Maps ◽  
Density Map ◽  
Complex Crystal ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy

This tutorial will discuss the methodology of low dose electron diffraction and imaging of crystalline biological objects, the problems of data interpretation for two-dimensional projected density maps of glucose embedded protein crystals, the factors to be considered in combining tilt data from three-dimensional crystals, and finally, the prospects of achieving a high resolution three-dimensional density map of a biological crystal. This methodology will be illustrated using two proteins under investigation in our laboratory, the T4 DNA helix destabilizing protein gp32*I and the crotoxin complex crystal.

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