scholarly journals Functional Characteristics of the Respiratory System of People of All Ages

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Igor Isupov ◽  
Julia Syagailo ◽  
Artem Mazembah
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Regional Hemodynamics ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
The Impact

Studies of the functional state of the respiratory system have been widely used to assess the adaptive reserves of the human body. The functional state of the respiratory system is closely related to the functional characteristics of systemic and regional hemodynamics, functional reserves of the blood system. With changes in the social status of a person, the adaptive potential of his body can significantly decrease. Reliable markers of the limitations of adaptive potential in people of different ages are the decrease in the values of the main pulmonary volumes in the conditions of physiological rest and when performing test load tests. The negative dynamics of forced expirations due to the decrease in the strength of the auxiliary respiratory muscles and changing depending on age was established. The presence of this undesirable phenomenon can be a marker of reducing adaptation reserves in the study of the impact of environmental factors on the phenomenon of premature aging.

scholarly journals MOTIVATION TO HEALTH AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM’s BIODEMOGRAPHIC AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS AA WELL AS FUNCTIONAL STATE AMONG PATIENTS AND HEALTHY PEOPLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Valentyn Savchenko ◽  
Olesia Tymchyk ◽  
Jevgenija Nevedomsjka ◽  
Iryna Omeri ◽  
Olga Buriak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation

Introduction. Health is a resource for a mindful life of a human being. There are various health-related actions associated with maintaining of the health. Their implementation requires appropriate efforts related to motivation. The hypothesis of the study is the fact that functional abilities of a human being is significantly related to the level of his motivation for health. The aim is to determine the level of motivation for health in patients and healthy people and to investigate its relationship with biodemographic and anthropometric parameters and the functional state of the cardio-respiratory system. Material and methods. 577 healthy people and patients. There were 353 patients (61.18%) suffering from chronic diseases, and 224 (38.82%) healthy people (students). There were 317 men (54.94%) and 260 (45.06%) women. The average age of the examined people was (M ± S) 34.95 ± 17.71 years. Height and body weight were measured. The functional state of the cardio-respiratory system was assessed by integral indicators: adaptive potential of the circulatory system, level of physical condition, vital index, Skibinski index, Kerdo index, hand grip strength index. Health motivation was studied using a short questionnaire to determine locus control. The results of the survey were scaled into 4 levels of motivation: very low, low, medium and high. Results. Among the examined patients and healthy people the medium level of motivation for health prevailed – 55.11% (318/577), then was high level by the quantity of detected cases – 38.65% (223/577) and low level – 6.24% (36/577). Healthy people were dominated by a high level of motivation – 53.13% (119/224), and patients – by medium level: 62.04% (219/353). It is revealed that young people have a high level of motivation, and elderly people – low and medium levels of motivation. People with a body weight of less than 60 kg are characterized by a high level, and people with a body weight of 100 kg and more – a medium level of motivation. The predominance of a high level of motivation with satisfactory adaptive potential, a high level of physical condition, full compliance of respiratory function with body weight, as well as the predominance of a high level of motivation in people with above average and high relative hand grip strength was determined. Conclusions. A high level of motivation for health prevails in healthy people, and a low level – in patients. There is a significant relationship between motivation for health and age, body weight, its functionality (the state of the cardio-respiratory system).

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF RESPIRATORY GYMNASTICS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V. Pronina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases

This article describes the applied complex of breathing and restorative exercises for preschool children, with the help of which it is possible to strengthen the respiratory muscles of children and to prevent acute respiratory diseases. The assessment of the functional indicators of the children's respiratory system was carried out by the spirometry method.

scholarly journals THE METHODOLOGY OF INTEGRAL EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Veremchuk ◽  
E. E. Mineeva ◽  
T. I. Vitkina ◽  
T. A. Gvozdenko ◽  
V. N. Rakitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
External Action ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. The purpose of this work was to develop a methodology for assessing the impact of environmental factors on the functional state of the respiratory organs of healthy individuals and patients with bronchopulmonary pathology living in different natural, climatic and technogenic conditions of the urbanized territory. Material and methods. The study of the function of respiration was based on the results of a survey of 198 people (for the period from 2008 to 2014), living in various administrative districts of Vladivostok, the largest industrial Far Eastern city. The estimation of atmospheric pollution of the city was carried out according to monitoring data for six stationary observation stations (suspended substances, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur, carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, etc., mg/m3) for the period from 2008 to 2014. Weighed in the air particles of the microsize series were studied by laser granulometry. Results. In the group of conditionally healthy people, the response of the respiratory system to external action was minimal, and in patients the response was more pronounced. A strong impact on both groups is mediated via the systems “atmospheric pollution by gas components” and “air pollution by suspended particles”. In unfavorable areas of the city the maximum negative influence is exerted by “climatic conditions”, where the integral respiratory response index for external action in the group of patients was 2 times higher than in the control group. Discussion. We assume that against the background of pollution of the external environment of Vladivostok, the functional state of the respiratory organs of even a healthy person can actively react to changes in climatic conditions. The greatest pathogenic effect of urban pollution on respiratory function is noted in the group of patients. On the basis of the calculation of the index of general environmental pollution, favorable and unfavorable areas of the city have been identified. The conclusion. The obtained results will allow to implement preventive measures for the population of the urbanized territor.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

Effects of use of an eHealth platform e-Vita for COPD patients on disease specific quality of life domains

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ehealth Intervention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disease Specific

Background: Integrated disease management with self-management for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is effective to improve clinical outcomes. eHealth can improve patients’ involvement to be able to accept and maintain a healthier lifestyle. Eventhough there is mixed evidence of the impact of eHealth on quality of life (QoL) in different settings. Aim: The primary aim of the e-Vita-COPD-study was to investigate the effect of use of eHealth patient platforms on disease specific QoL of COPD patients. Methods: We evaluated the impact of an eHealth platform on disease specific QoL measured with the clinical COPD questionnaire (CCQ), including subscales of symptoms, functional state and mental state. Interrupted time series (ITS) design was used to collect CCQ data at multiple time points. Multilevel linear regression modelling was used to compare trends in CCQ before and after the eHealth intervention. Results: Of 742 invited COPD patients, 244 signed informed consent. For the analyses, we only included patients who actually used the eHealth platform (n = 123). The decrease of CCQ-symptoms was 0,20% before the intervention and 0,27% after the intervention; this difference was statistically significant (P=0.027). The decrease of CCQ-mental was 0,97% before the intervention and after the intervention there was an increase of 0,017%; this difference was statistically significant (P=0,01). No significant difference was found in the slopes of CCQ (P=0,12) and CCQ-function (P=0,11) before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The e-Vita eHealth platform had a potential beneficial impact on the CCQ-symptoms of COPD patients, but not on functional state. The CCQ-mental state remained stable after the intervention, but this was a deterioration compared to the improving situation before the start of the eHealth platform. In conclusion, this study shows that after the introduction of the COPD platform, patients experienced fewer symptoms, but their mental state deteriorated slightly at the same time. Therefore, health care providers should be aware that, although symptoms improve, there might be a slight increase in anxiety and depression after introducing an eHealth intervention to support self-management.

scholarly journals Challenges in Treating Tardive Dyskinesia: Assessing the Impact of Virtual Medical Education

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Amanda Glazar ◽  
Cecilia Peterson ◽  
Michael Lemon ◽  
Chirag Shah ◽  
Prakash Masand
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Practice Performance ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionTardive Dyskinesia (TD) refers to abnormal, involuntary, choreoathetoid movements of the tongue, lips, face, trunk, and extremities and is associated with long-term exposure to dopamine-blocking agents, such as antipsychotic medications. Once established, these movements usually persist. The movements are disfiguring and can bring unwanted attention to affected individuals. When severe, especially if the respiratory muscles are affected, the movements can be disabling, limit activity, and reduce quality of life. The prevalence is 7.2% in individuals on newer antipsychotics who have never been exposed to older neuroleptics. Until recently, there were no effective treatments for TD. In recent years, many new treatments have been investigated for the treatment of TD, including valbenazine, deutetrabenazine, and branched chain amino acids. Valbenazine first, followed by deutetrabenazine are FDA approved to treat TD. A virtual broadcast was developed to assess the ability of continuing medical education (CME) to improve awareness of the recognition and treatment of TD among psychiatrists.MethodsThe virtual broadcast (May 9, 2020) consisted of a two-hour, live-streamed discussion between two expert faculty. Impact of the educational activity was assessed by comparing psychiatrists’ responses to four identical questions presented before and directly after activity participation. A follow-up survey was sent to all participants six-weeks post-activity to measure performance in practice changes. A chi-square test was used to identify significant differences between pre- and post-assessment responses. Cohen’s d was used to calculate the effect size of the virtual broadcast.ResultsActivity participation resulted in a noticeable educational effect among psychiatrists (n=621; d=6.12, P<.001). The following areas showed significant (P<0.05) pre- vs post-educational improvements: recognition of movements in patients with TD, rate of TD in SGA exposed patients, treatment options for TD (on and off-label), and treatment of TD using VMAT inhibitors. Additionally, 54% of psychiatrists reported a change in practice performance as a result of the education received in the activity, including utilization of a standard scale to evaluate movement disorders and educate patients and family members about potential for TD, how to recognize symptoms, and when to treat.ConclusionsThe results indicated that a CME-certified two-hour virtual broadcast was effective at improving knowledge among psychiatrists for the recognition and treatment of TD. This knowledge also resulted in positive changes in practice performance post-activity. Future education should continue to address best practices in the diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with TD, as there remains an increased need for tailored CME among psychiatrists.FundingNeurocrine Biosciences, Inc.

A Simple Starting Point for Designing for and/or Assessing the Social Impact of Products

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Ottosson ◽  
Emma Hirschi ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Eric Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

In this paper we present a starting point for designing for and/or assessing the social impact of engineered products. The starting point is a set of tables comprising products, their general functional characteristics, and the accompanying social impacts. We have constructed these tables by first extracting a set of social impact categories from the literature, then 65 products were qualitatively reviewed to find their social impact. The resulting product impact tables can be used at either the beginning of the product development process to decide what social impact to design for and discover product functions that lead to it, or later to qualitatively assess the social impact of a product being designed and/or to assess the impact of an existing product.

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