Contribution of separate solid-phase components to the formation of the cation exchange capacity in the main genetic horizons of meadow-chestnut soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1356
Author(s):  
G. V. Shashkova ◽  
I. I. Tolpeshta ◽  
M. L. Sizemskaya ◽  
T. A. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chestnut Soils

scholarly journals Aflatoxin B1 adsorption by the natural aluminosilicates - concentrate of montmorillonite and zeolite

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Markovic ◽  
Aleksandra Dakovic ◽  
George Rottinghaus ◽  
Mirjana Stojanovic ◽  
Vera Dondur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Composition Determination

Aflatoxin B1 adsorption by the concentrate of bentonite clay - montmorillonite and the natural zeolite - clinoptilolite and was investigated at the initial toxin concentration 4 ppm, with different amonunts of solid phase in suspension (10, 5, 2 and 1 mg/10 mL) and different pH values - 3, 7 and 9. Results indicated that for both minerals, decreasing the amount of solid phase in suspension, decrease the amount of active sites relevant for adsorption of aflatoxin B1. Thus, for concentrate of montnorillonite, at the lowest level of solid phase in suspension (1 mg/10 mL), aflatoxin B1 adsorption indexes were 97% at pH 3, 88% at pH 7 and 82% at pH 9, while for the natural zeolite, adsorption of toxin was 9% at pH 3 and 7% at pH 7 and 9. Since inorganic cations in minerals are mainly responsible for aflatoxin B1 adsorption, even the natural zeolite - clinoptilite has much higher cation exchange capacity (the content of inorganic exchangeable cations) compared to the concentrate of montmorillonite, adsorption of aflatoxin B1 by this mineral is much lower. Comparing the molecular dimensions of aflatoxin B1 molecule with the dimension of channels of clinoptilolite and interlamellar space of montmorillonite it is obvious that this toxin is adsorbed only at the external surface of clinoptilolite while in the montmorillonite all active sites are equally available for its adsorption. Thus, the concentrate of montmorillonite posess by higher adsorption capacity for aflatoxin B1. Results presented in this paper confirmed the fact the differences in the structure of minerals led to their different efficiency for adsorption of aflatoxin B1. Mineralogical and chemical composition, determination of cation exchange capacity, etc., are very important parameters influencing the effectiveness of minerals as aflatoxin B1 adsorbents. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 451-03-2802-IP Tip1/142, br. 172018 i br. 34013] <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND170208003E">10.2298/HEMIND170208003E</a><u></b></font>

scholarly journals Top-Down Synthesis of NaP Zeolite from Natural Zeolite for the Higher Removal Efficiency of Cs, Sr, and Ni

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Seokju Hong ◽  
Wooyong Um
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Kinetic Experiment ◽  
Bet Analysis

A solid phase of natural zeolite was transformed to Na-zeolite P (NaP zeolite) by a “top-down approach” hydrothermal reaction using 3 M of NaOH solution in a 96 °C oven. Time-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), XRF, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis as well as kinetic, isotherm, and cation exchange capacity experiments were performed to understand the mechanism of mineral transition from natural zeolite to NaP zeolite. The XRD crystal peaks of the natural zeolite decreased (decrystallization phase) first, and then the NaP zeolite XRD crystal peaks increased gradually (recrystallization phase). From the XRF results, the dissolution rate of Si was slow in the recrystallization phase, while it was rapid in the decrystallization phase. The specific surface area measured by BET analysis was higher in NaP zeolite (95.95 m2/g) compared to that of natural zeolite (31.35 m2/g). Furthermore, pore structure analysis confirmed that NaP zeolites have more micropores than natural zeolite. In the kinetic experiment, the results showed that the natural zeolite and NaP zeolite were well matched with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and reached equilibrium within 24 h. The isotherm experiment results confirmed that both zeolites were well matched with the Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum removal capacity (Qmax) values of Sr and Ni were highly increased in NaP zeolite. In addition, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) experiment showed that NaP zeolite has an enhanced CEC of 310.89 cmol/kg compared to natural zeolite (CEC = 119.19 cmol/kg). In the actual batch sorption test, NaP zeolite (35.3 mg/g) still showed high Cs removal efficiency though it was slightly lower than the natural zeolite (39.0 mg/g). However, in case of Sr and Ni, NaP zeolite (27.9 and 27.8 mg/g, respectively) showed a much higher removal efficiency than natural zeolite (4.9 and 5.5 mg/g for Sr and Ni, respectively). This suggests that NaP zeolite, synthesized by a top-down desilication method, is more practical to remove mixed radionuclides from a waste solution.

Complex conductivity tensor of anisotropic hydrocarbon-bearing shales and mudrocks

Geophysics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. D403-D418 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Revil ◽  
W. F. Woodruff ◽  
C. Torres-Verdín ◽  
M. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrical Anisotropy ◽  
Dielectric Tensor ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Complex Electrical Conductivity

A model was recently introduced to describe the complex electrical conductivity and high-frequency dielectric constant of isotropic clayey porous materials. We generalized that approach to the case of anisotropic and tight hydrocarbon-bearing shales and mudrocks by introducing tensorial versions of formation factor and tortuosity. In-phase and quadrature conductivity tensors have common eigenvectors, but the eigenvectors of the dielectric tensor may be different due to influence of the solid phase at high frequencies. In-phase and quadrature contributions to complex electrical conductivity depend on saturation, salinity, porosity, temperature, and cation exchange capacity (alternatively, specific surface area) of the porous material. Kerogen is likely to have a negligible contribution to the cation exchange capacity of the material because all exchangeable sites in the functional groups of organic matter may have been polymerized during diagenesis. An anisotropic experiment is performed to validate some of the properties described by the proposed model, especially to verify that the electrical anisotropy factor is the same for in-phase and quadrature conductivities. We used two samples from the Bakken formation. Experimental data confirm the validity of the model. Also, the range of values for cation exchange capacity determined when implementing the new model with experimental data agree with the known range of cation exchange capacity for the Bakken shale. Measurements indicate that the bulk-space tortuosity in the direction normal to bedding plane can be higher than 100.

Batch equilibrium study on sorption, desorption, and immobilisation of cadmium in some semi-arid zone soils as affected by soil properties

Soil Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Khodaverdiloo ◽  
A. Samadi
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Caco3 Content

Little information is available for cadmium (Cd) sorption/desorption behaviour in soils with relatively variable CaCO3 content. The objectives of this study were to: (i) parameterise the sorption and desorption of Cd and the hysteretic behaviour of Cd sorbed to soils with varying CaCO3 content; and (ii) correlate sorption, desorption, and retention parameters with physicochemical characteristics of the soils. Twenty soil samples of different physico-chemical properties were taken from agricultural regions of Western Azerbijan province, Iran. A batch equilibrium experiment was conducted to construct sorption/desorption curves of Cd. The linear, Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm equations were fitted to the experimental data of Cd sorption and retention, using either linear regression procedure or nonlinear least square optimisation (LSO). Both the Freundlich and Langmuir approaches described the Cd sorption and retention data well. A strong and irreversible binding of Cd in the soils was recorded, using a desorption approach. In the case of Cd sorption, a significant positive correlation (r = 0.38, P ≤ 0.05) was found between the Freundlich constant (Kf) and active CaCO3 equivalent (ACCE). The Freundlich n was positively correlated with cation exchange capacity (r = 0.49, P ≤ 0.05) and clay (r = 0.61, P ≤ 0.01) and negatively with ACCE (r = –0.60, P ≤ 0.01). The soil partition coefficient (KSD) showed a positive correlation with ACCE. The sorption maxima (b) were much less than the cation exchange capacity of soils. However, the relatively high pH (7.0–8.0) of the experimental soils and presence of relatively high values of free and active carbonate in the soils, along with the large sorption capacity of the soils, suggest the possibility of solid-phase precipitation as octavite (CdCO3). Parameter b, when fitted through LSO, showed a negative correlation with clay (r = –0.51, P ≤ 0.05) and a positive correlation with ACCE (r = 0.63, P ≤ 0.01). Langmuir K (Kl) showed a positive correlation with clay (r = 0.52, P ≤ 0.05) and a negative relationship with pH (r = –0.58, P ≤ 0.05) and ACCE (r = –0.65, P ≤ 0.01). Sorption of Cd showed a positive correlation (r ≥ 0.54, P ≤ 0.05) and its desorption a high negative correlation (r ≤ –0.61, P ≤ 0.05), with ACCE. It can be concluded that the ACCE is the important soil property controlling the sorption and retention of Cd in the studied soils.

EVALUASI PERUBAHAN KUALITAS TANAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN NIKEL DI PULAU GEBE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Evaluation Activity ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Environment Quality

Since year 1977 until 2005, PT. ANTAM has been exploited nickel ore resources at Gebe Island – Center ofHalmahera District – North Maluku Province. Mining activity, beside give economically advantages also causedegradation of environment quality espicially land quality. Therefore, it need evaluation activity for change ofland quality at Gebe Island after mining activity.From chemical rehabilitation aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indacate very lack and lackfertility (base saturated 45,87 – 99,6%; cation exchange capacity 9,43 – 12,43%; Organic Carbon 1,12 –2,31%). From availability of nutrirnt element aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indicate verylack and lack fertility (nitrogen 0,1 – 1,19%). Base on that data, it can be concluded that land reclamationactivity not yet achieve standart condition of chemical land.Key words : land quality, post mining lan

scholarly journals Attributes of the soil fertilized with sewage sludge and calcium and magnesium silicate

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo R. Zuba Junio ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
Altina L. Nascimento ◽  
Luiz A. Fernandes ◽  
Natália N. de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Sewage Sludge Compost ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the chemical attributes of an Inceptisol cultivated with castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), variety ‘BRS Energia’, fertilized with sewage sludge compost and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) silicate. The experiment was conducted at the ICA/UFMG, in a randomized block design, using a 2 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of two doses of Ca-Mg silicate (0 and 1 t ha-1) and four doses of sewage sludge compost (0, 23.81, 47.62 and 71.43 t ha-1, on dry basis). Soil organic matter (OM), pH, sum of bases (SB), effective cation exchange capacity (CEC(t)), total cation exchange capacity (CEC(T)), base saturation (V%) and potential acidity (H + Al) were evaluated. There were no significant interactions between doses of sewage sludge compost and doses of Ca-Mg silicate on soil attributes, and no effect of silicate fertilization on these attributes. However, fertilization with sewage sludge compost promoted reduction in pH and increase in H + Al, OM and CEC. The dose of 71.43 t ha-1 of sewage sludge compost promoted the best soil chemical conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Low Zeolite Doses on Plants and Soil Physicochemical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2617
Author(s):  
Alicja Szatanik-Kloc ◽  
Justyna Szerement ◽  
Agnieszka Adamczuk ◽  
Grzegorz Józefaciuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Holding

Thousands of tons of zeolitic materials are used yearly as soil conditioners and components of slow-release fertilizers. A positive influence of application of zeolites on plant growth has been frequently observed. Because zeolites have extremely large cation exchange capacity, surface area, porosity and water holding capacity, a paradigm has aroused that increasing plant growth is caused by a long-lasting improvement of soil physicochemical properties by zeolites. In the first year of our field experiment performed on a poor soil with zeolite rates from 1 to 8 t/ha and N fertilization, an increase in spring wheat yield was observed. Any effect on soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface area (S), pH-dependent surface charge (Qv), mesoporosity, water holding capacity and plant available water (PAW) was noted. This positive effect of zeolite on plants could be due to extra nutrients supplied by the mineral (primarily potassium—1 ton of the studied zeolite contained around 15 kg of exchangeable potassium). In the second year of the experiment (NPK treatment on previously zeolitized soil), the zeolite presence did not impact plant yield. No long-term effect of the zeolite on plants was observed in the third year after soil zeolitization, when, as in the first year, only N fertilization was applied. That there were no significant changes in the above-mentioned physicochemical properties of the field soil after the addition of zeolite was most likely due to high dilution of the mineral in the soil (8 t/ha zeolite is only ~0.35% of the soil mass in the root zone). To determine how much zeolite is needed to improve soil physicochemical properties, much higher zeolite rates than those applied in the field were studied in the laboratory. The latter studies showed that CEC and S increased proportionally to the zeolite percentage in the soil. The Qv of the zeolite was lower than that of the soil, so a decrease in soil variable charge was observed due to zeolite addition. Surprisingly, a slight increase in PAW, even at the largest zeolite dose (from 9.5% for the control soil to 13% for a mixture of 40 g zeolite and 100 g soil), was observed. It resulted from small alterations of the soil macrostructure: although the input of small zeolite pores was seen in pore size distributions, the larger pores responsible for the storage of PAW were almost not affected by the zeolite addition.

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