scholarly journals Post-total knee arthroplasty herpes zoster activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e228639
Author(s):  
Mantu Jain ◽  
Prabhas Ranjan Tripathy ◽  
Chitta Ranjan Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Knee Joint Replacement ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Neuralgic Pain ◽  
Total Knee

Herpes zoster is a clinical manifestation of reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that lies dormant in the dorsal root ganglia after a past primary infection. It can be associated with severe pain, a crop of vesicles in typical dermatomal distribution but the neuralgic pain persists long, making the patient uncomfortable and often disturbing patient’s sleep. There are cases reported after trauma or post surgeries that are mainly related to organ transplant or malignancy. In the literature, there is a solitary report of VZV infection along the sciatic nerve post ipsilateral hip and contralateral knee joint replacement. Here, we report a VZV infection in post knee replacement setting along the L2-3 dermatomal distribution.

scholarly journals An An Unusual Presentation of Varicella Meningitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e39-e42
Author(s):  
Matthew Patel ◽  
Rachel Bierbrier ◽  
Katina Tzanetos
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Neurologic Complications ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
The Face ◽  
Zoster Sine Herpete

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) primary infection causes chickenpox, often in young children, and is characterized by vesicular lesions on the face, limbs and trunk. In immunocompetent hosts, the infection is usually mild and self-limited. Following infection the virus remains dormant in the dorsal root ganglia but can reactivate, replicate and cause Herpes zoster (shingles), a painful vesicular eruption in a single dermatomal distribution.1, 2 Although Herpes zoster typically presents with this characteristic rash, there are reports of zoster sine herpete herpes zoster without the presence of a rash but with pain.1 Neurologic complications, including meningitis, encephalitis or myelitis can occur with acute infection or reactivation of VZV, but is uncommon in immunocompetent hosts, and even more rare without an exanthema.3 This report describes a case of reactivation VZV meningitis without any viral exanthema in a young healthy male.  

scholarly journals Herpes zoster in the radial nerve distribution in an 8 years old healthy child-a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
Hala Edris ◽  
Abdullah Abualiat ◽  
Ayed Al Mordy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
Nerve Ganglion ◽  
Common Area

Varicella zoster is an omnipresent virus which commonly affects childhood as chicken pox. Although the primary infection is self-limiting and seldom severe, the virus remains dormant in the body. The virus resides in the dorsal root or cranial nerve ganglion and reactivation may occur years later as herpes zoster or "Shingles". Herpes zoster (HZ) can occur at any age but is rare in childhood and adolescents. Old aged and immunosuppressed subjects are at risk for developing the disease. The most common area involved in HZ is the trunk (dermatomes innervated by the thoracic nerves) and rarely presents exclusively in the upper extremity. We report a case of HZ isolated to the radial nerve distribution in a healthy 8 years boy. The reported case reveals the importance of considering zoster infection in young age, or uncommon sites when evaluating the onset of pain in a dermatomal distribution specially if associated with vesiculobullous rash.

How Do Previous Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Fare After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty?

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-615.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell R. Klement ◽  
Colin T. Penrose ◽  
Abiram Bala ◽  
Samuel S. Wellman ◽  
Michael P. Bolognesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Primary Total Knee

scholarly journals Prevention of Post-herpetic Neuralgia from Dream to Reality: A Ten-step Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (20;2) ◽  
pp. E209-E220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Younis Makharita
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Viral Reactivation ◽  
Post Herpetic Neuralgia ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Acute Herpes Zoster ◽  
Step Model

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful, blistering skin eruption in a dermatomal distribution caused by reactivation of a latent varicella zoster virus in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster (AHZ). Severe prodrome, greater acute pain and dermatomal injury, and the density of the eruption are the risk factors and predictors for developing PHN. PHN has a substantial effect on the quality of life; many patients develop severe physical, occupational, social, and psychosocial disabilities as a result of the unceasing pain. The long-term suffering and the limited efficacy of the currently available medications can lead to drug dependency, hopelessness, depression, and even suicide. Family and society are also affected regarding cost and lost productivity. The pathophysiology of PHN remains unclear. Viral reactivation in the dorsal root ganglion and its spread through the affected nerve result in severe ganglionitis and neuritis, which induce a profound sympathetic stimulation and vasoconstriction of the endoneural arterioles, which decreases the blood flow in the intraneural capillary bed resulting in nerve ischemia. Our rationale is based on previous studies which have postulated that the early interventions could reduce repetitive painful stimuli and prevent vasospasm of the endoneural arterioles during the acute phase of HZ. Hence, they might attenuate the central sensitization, prevent the ischemic nerve damage, and finally account for PHN prevention. The author introduces a new Ten-step Model for the prevention of PHN. The idea of this newly suggested approach is to increase the awareness of the health care team and the community about the nature of HZ and its complications, especially in the high-risk groups. Besides, it emphasizes the importance of the prompt antiviral therapy and the early sympathetic blockades for preventing PHN. Key words: Acute herpes zoster, prevention, post-herpetic neuralgia, sympathetic blockade, tenstep model

scholarly journals Kestabilan Model Matematika Infeksi Primer Penyakit Varicella Dan Infeksi Rekuren Penyakit Herpes Zoster Oleh Virus Varicella Zoster

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Hardiyanti ◽  
R Ratianingsih ◽  
Hajar
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Postherpetic Neuralgia ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Disease Free

Varicella and herpes zoster are two infectious skin diseases of human that caused by varicella zoster virus, where varicella disease is a primary infection that often infected younger people while herpes zoster disease is a recurrent disease that often infected older people because of reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus. If the pain caused by herpes zoster after recurrent phase is a appeared then the condition is known as postherpetic neuralgia. This study builds a mathematical model of primary infection (varicella disease) and recurrent infection (herpes zoster disease) developed from the SIR model (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered). The human population is divided into seven subpopulations, namely susceptible, infection, recovered of varicella, herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia subpopulation. Stability analysis at the critical point by linearization method gives a critical point 𝑇1 that guaranted to exist and unstable if 𝛼 𝜇(𝛽1+𝜇) 𝐴 , while the critical point 𝑇1 does not have any reqruitment. Stability analysis at the endemic disease-free critical point is represented 𝑇1 that will be unstable if 𝑇2 exist and stable 𝑇1 if 𝑇2 exist. Numerical simulations by simulated to describe such temporary disease-free conditions and an endemic stable conditions.

scholarly journals Herpes Zoster pada Anak – Laporan Kasus

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thigita A. Pandaleke ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke ◽  
Ratna I. Susanti ◽  
Julieta D. P. Dotulong
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Sensory Ganglia ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Abstract: Herpes zoster (HZ) is an acute vesicular eruption caused by latent varicella zoster virus (VVZ) reactivation in sensory ganglia after primary infection. Its incidence increases with age and it is rarely found in children. We reported a case of 10-year-old male with blisters on the right side of his stomach and back 3 days ago. The patient was suffered from fever, common cold, and cough a week before, and had a history of varicella at 5 years old. Dermatologic status showed multiple vesicles on erythematous base at the anterior dan posterior sides of his right lumbar region. The Tzank test showed multinucletaed giant cells. Acyclovir resulted in significant improvement after 7- day therapy. Conclusion: Diagnosis of herpes zoster was based on anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory findings. Antiviral drugs was aimed to reduce complications and viral shedding.Keywords: Herpes zoster, childAbstrak: Herpes zoster (HZ) merupakan erupsi vesikuler akut yang disebabkan oleh reaktivasi dari virus varisela zoster (VVZ) laten pada ganglia sensoris yang sebelumnya terpajan dengan infeksi primer varisela. Insiden HZ meningkat seiring pertambahan usia dan jarang ditemukan pada anak-anak. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang anak laki-laki, 10 tahun, dengan bintil-bintil berair di perut dan punggung sebelah kanan sejak 3 hari lalu. Riwayat demam, batuk dan pilek 1 minggu sebelum timbul lesi. Riwayat varisela pada usia 5 tahun. Status dermatologis ditemukan vesikel multipel berisi cairan jernih yang tersusun bergerombol di atas kulit yang eritema di regio lumbar dekstra anterior dan posterior. Tes Tzank memperlihatkan sel raksasa berinti banyak. Pasien diterapi dengan asiklovir oral selama 7 hari dan menunjukkan perbaikan yang bermakna. Simpulan: Anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang kasus ini khas untuk herpes zoster. Pemberian obat antiviral bertujuan untuk mengurangi komplikasi dan menurunkan viral shedding.Kata kunci: herpes zoster, anak

Age and Sex are Predictors of Moderate to Severe Pain Post Total Knee Arthroplasty

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasvinder Singh ◽  
Sherine Gabriel ◽  
David G. Lewallen
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Clinical study of herpes zoster in 109 patients in central referral hospital, Gangtok

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Rukma L. Sharma ◽  
Rekha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Single Nerve ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Common

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Herpes zoster results from the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus lying dormant in the dorsal root ganglia following an earlier primary infection (chickenpox), usually in childhood. The reactivation occurs due to multifactorial causes leading to decreased immunity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted on 109 cases of herpes zoster. Patient’s particulars were noted. A detailed history was recorded; morphology, the site and side of skin lesions were recorded. Any other associated diseases were noted.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 109 patients 66 were male and 43 were female. The total of 53 (48.6%) patients were under the age of 40 years and 56 (51.4%) patients above 40 years. Bhutias were affected in highest number (18.4%) followed by Sharma community (15.6%). The ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve was the most commonly affected single nerve with 13.8% followed by T10 and T7 dermatome at 9.17% and 7.3% respectively. Thoracic nerves the most commonly involved thoracic nerves with 44 cases. Single dermatomal eruptions were found in 55 patients. The dissemination of herpes zoster was although very rare but was present in three patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was the common associated systemic illness with 10.09% of patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> From this study it was revealed that both young adults and older age group people were affected almost equally. The male: female ratio was 1.5:1 with Bhutia community being mostly affected. Thoracic dermatome was the most common dermatome involved and in half the patients some form of associated disease noted.</p>

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