Temporal bone dysplasia in Coffin-Siris syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e236139
Author(s):  
Jessica Wauchope ◽  
Colin Leonard ◽  
Steven McKinstry ◽  
Keith Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bone Dysplasia ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Middle Ear Disease ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Bone Abnormalities

We report a child, diagnosed with Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS), with chronic right otorrhoea. CT and DR-MRI were performed to further investigate, diagnose and determine relevant surgical anatomy. CT temporal bones assessment was performed, and the measurements compared with previously published data for normal temporal bone anatomy. These comparisons highlighted various differences which were not initially expected; it showed that there were multiple inner ear abnormalities in addition to middle ear disease. This case highlights the importance of considering temporal bone abnormalities in all children with CSS or any dysmorphia, when they may require mastoid procedures. Reviewing the management of this case provides relevant learning opportunities for both primary, secondary and tertiary care institutions.

Temporal bone dissection for display

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Golding-Wood
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Surgical Simulation ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Medicolegal Issues

Increasing concern with medicolegal issues has heightened the need for surgical simulation in training. Familiarity with the surgical anatomy of the temporal bone is essential for effective and safe otological surgery. Refinement of surgical technique and intimate knowledge of temporal bone anatomy can be gained by accurate dissection. The products of such endeavours are both illustrative and instructive. The issues, methods and techniques necessary for display of anatomical dissections are discussed.

Investigation of Temporal Bone Anatomy by Plastic Moulding and Cryomicrotomy

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wilbrand ◽  
W. Rauschning
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Cochlear Aqueduct ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Bone Structures

To increase our understanding of the complex topographic relations between temporal bone structures and to facilitate the interpretation of their radiographic images, two techniques were developed. 1) Plastic moulding of temporal bone specimens using polyester resin and silicone rubber substances providing detailed information and a three-dimensional survey of the structures. Carefully macerated temporal bone specimens are filled with plastic material under vacuum and the bone is then dissolved. The preparations, freed from irrelevant structures and embellished, allow metric evaluation of the different structures and their topographic relations. 2) Automatic serial cryomicrotomy of fresh, deep-frozen temporal bones, using a commercial sledge-cryomicrotome. Photography of the cut surfaces of the specimen, usually at distances of 0.25 to 0.50 mm, allows natural-colour reproduction of minute detail, e.g. the melanin cell area in the cochlea, the smallest vessels on the ossicular surfaces, and the origin of the cochlear aqueduct at the basal turn of the cochlea. By correlating the photographs with images from the corresponding tomographic planes accurate information is obtained for interpretation of the radiographic images. A combination of the two techniques facilitates a detailed study and is a valuable aid in the teaching of temporal bone anatomy.

Surgical Anatomy of the Temporal Bone in the Chinchilla

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Browning ◽  
Mark S. Granich
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
It Projects ◽  
External Canal ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Bone Structures ◽  
The Brain

The chinchilla is of value in otological research for many reasons, including the surgical accessibility of the majority of structures within its temporal bone. This paper describes the anatomy of the chinchilla's temporal bone, and four surgical approaches to the labyrinth and ossicular chain, three through the bulla and the other via the external canal. No one approach reveals all the temporal bone structures, and each route is therefore more suited to some surgical procedures than others. The cochlea is particularly accessible for microsurgical procedures because it projects into the labyrinthine part of the bulla and because its bony capsule is thin. Surgery in the posterior cranial fossae is both hazardous and difficult; the hazard is bleeding from the venous sinuses which run within the occipital and temporal bones, and the difficulty is the limited access due to the intervening cerebellum and the closeness of the brain stem.

R435 – Stapedius Muscle Relations to the Facial Canal

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P190-P190
Author(s):  
Alaa A. Abou-Bieh ◽  
Thomas J Haberkamp ◽  
Jarah Ali Al-Tubaikh
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Sinus Tympani ◽  
Stapedius Muscle ◽  
Facial Nerve Canal ◽  
Tendon Insertion ◽  
Temporal Bones

Problem The gross anatomical variations of the stapedius muscle and its relations to the facial nerve canal. Methods Thirty-five temporal bones were dissected, and the anatomic details were studied utilizing an operating microscope and otoendoscopes with 0o, 30o and 70o angles and 2.7 and 3 mm diameters. The muscle origin, its course in its bony sulcus with its relation to the facial nerve canal, the tendon and its insertion were studied. Results Marked variations in the origin, size, and course of the muscle in its bony sulcus were detected. The shape of the sulcus itself and its relation to the facial nerve canal varied also, both mainly influenced by the sinus tympani development. These variations affected the shape and length of the tendon and the pyramidal eminence. In addition, they influenced the site of tendon insertion into the stapes. The presence of ectopic muscle bundles was confirmed in one specimen. Conclusion The stapedius muscle anatomy can vary significantly from one temporal bone to another. In some situations these variations can be of surgical importance worse enough to be recognized. Significance To add important unrecognized data to the surgical anatomy of the temporal bone.

scholarly journals The effect of virtual reality on temporal bone anatomy evaluation and performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Timonen ◽  
Aarno Dietz ◽  
Pia Linder ◽  
Antti Lehtimäki ◽  
Heikki Löppönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones

Abstract Purpose There is only limited data on the application of virtual reality (VR) for the evaluation of temporal bone anatomy. The aim of the present study was to compare the VR environment to traditional cross-sectional viewing of computed tomography images in a simulated preoperative planning setting in novice and expert surgeons. Methods A novice (n = 5) and an expert group (n = 5), based on their otosurgery experience, were created. The participants were asked to identify 24 anatomical landmarks, perform 11 distance measurements between surgically relevant anatomical structures and 10 fiducial markers on five cadaver temporal bones in both VR environment and cross-sectional viewings in PACS interface. The data on performance time and user-experience (i.e., subjective validation) were collected. Results The novice group made significantly more errors (p < 0.001) and with significantly longer performance time (p = 0.001) in cross-sectional viewing than the expert group. In the VR environment, there was no significant differences (errors and time) between the groups. The performance of novices improved faster in the VR. The novices showed significantly faster task performance (p = 0.003) and a trend towards fewer errors (p = 0.054) in VR compared to cross-sectional viewing. No such difference between the methods were observed in the expert group. The mean overall scores of user-experience were significantly higher for VR than cross-sectional viewing in both groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion In the VR environment, novices performed the anatomical evaluation of temporal bone faster and with fewer errors than in the traditional cross-sectional viewing, which supports its efficiency for the evaluation of complex anatomy.

A Reliable Radiologic Landmark for the Facial Nerve in Axial Temporal Bone Computed Tomography Scans

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manohar Bance ◽  
Jason Erb
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Posterior Border ◽  
Basal Turn ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Bone Scans ◽  
Temporal Bones

OBJECTIVE: We sought to test the reliability of a radiologic marker in identifying the vertical portion of the facial nerve in axial computed tomography (CT) temporal bone scans. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: At a tertiary care academic center, we used, with a random sample of 25 CT scans, a marker (the “B-line”) to identify the facial nerve. The variations in distance from this marker to the facial nerve were measured. RESULTS: This marker, which consists of a tangent line extrapolated from the posterior border of the basal turn of the cochlea, fell within 1 mm of the facial nerve on average. The average distance from the midpoint of the posterior border of the basal turn of the cochlea to the facial nerve was 11 ± 1 mm. CONCLUSION: This is a very reliable marker for the vertical portion of the facial nerve. SIGNIFICANCE: This marker can be used to rapidly find the facial nerve, even in diseased or postsurgical temporal bones.

scholarly journals Image-guided Temporal Bone Dissection Course

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Sgarabotto Ribeiro ◽  
Geraldo Pereira Jotz ◽  
Natália Cândido de Sousa ◽  
Enio Tadashi Setogutti ◽  
Gustavo Rassier Isolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Dissection Course

Abstract Introduction Temporal bone anatomy is complex and demands a profound anatomical knowledge. Association between surgery and imaging helps in the process of learning three-dimensional (3D) anatomy and surgical techniques. High definition temporal bone imaging can play an important role in dissection training. Objective To describe a computed tomography (CT) image-guided temporal bone dissection course for surgical training in otolaryngology and to verify the satisfaction level of the students with the course. Methods Descriptive research. The course took place at a research laboratory, with three experienced temporal bone surgeons. The participants were 12 otolaryngology residents. The laboratory has 7 modern workstations with microscope and monitors linked with a computerized video system. Cadaveric temporal bones were donated to the university. Imaging acquisition of the cadaveric temporal bones used in the course was performed in a multislice CT scanner. The CT images of cadaveric temporal bones were available with real-time access on the laboratory monitor's screens during dissections. Results A total of 13 temporal bones were included for dissection. Students had the opportunity to view on the same screen, simultaneously, both the dissection video and the respective CT images of their temporal bone anatomical specimens. This allowed correlating surgical and imaging aspects of temporal bone anatomy. At the end of the course, participants answered a satisfaction survey. Conclusion Considering imaging methods are routinely used during most otologic surgeries, detailed knowledge of CT imaging should be explored in conjunction with the temporal bone anatomical dissection.

Developmental Temporal Bone Anatomy and its Clinical Significance: Variations on Themes by H. F. Schuknecht

1984 ◽  
Vol 93 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon J. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Tumor Extension ◽  
Developmental Anatomy ◽  
Bone Trauma ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
Temporal Bones

Fifty-eight fetal and neonatal temporal bones were studied to evaluate the mechanisms of development of the hiatus of the facial canal, hypotympanic fissures, periotic duct, tympanomeningeal fissures, and fetal inner ear vascularity. These were correlated with the clinical pathologic entities of temporal bone trauma, glomus jugulare tumor extension within the temporal bone, CNS-temporal septic conduits, and inner ear vascularity. Temporal bone developmental anatomy and histopathology provide rich sources of information on which to base the scientific and clinical study of otology.

Home Temporal Bone Dissection: Anatomic Approaches to Ear Surgery

1980 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay B. Farrior
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
At Home

The anatomy of the temporal bone can only be mastered by repeated surgical and anatomic dissections. For the otolaryngologist who does not have access to laboratory facilities, a technique for dissecting temporal bones at home using readily available and inexpensive equipment is described. The basic home dissecting kit consists of dry temporal bones, a high-speed hobby drill, dental burrs, loupes, and paints. The preparation of temporal bones for dissection and approaches to anatomic, transmastoid, transcanal, and neuro-otologic dissections are presented. The relative benefits of home dissection in learning temporal bone anatomy and developing new surgical approaches, such as a transcanal-transcochlear approach to the internal auditory canal, are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of pharmacist-conducted anticoagulation patient education and telephone follow-up on transitions of care: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamis R. Karaoui ◽  
Elsy Ramia ◽  
Hanine Mansour ◽  
Nisrine Haddad ◽  
Nibal Chamoun
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Bleeding Event ◽  
Transitions Of Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background There is limited published data in Lebanon evaluating the impact of supplemental education for anticoagulants use, especially DOACs, on clinical outcomes such as bleeding. The study aims to assess the impact of pharmacist-conducted anticoagulation education and follow-up on bleeding and readmission rates. Methods This study was a randomized, non-blinded interventional study conducted between August 2017 and July 2019 in a tertiary care teaching Lebanese hospital. Participants were inpatients ≥18 years discharged on an oral anticoagulant for treatment. Block randomization was used. The control group received the standard nursing counseling while the intervention group additionally received pharmacy counseling. Phone call follow-ups were done on day 3 and 30 post-discharge. Primary outcomes included readmission rates and any bleeding event at day 3 and 30 post-discharge. Secondary outcomes included documented elements of education in the medical records and reported mortality upon day 30 post-discharge. Results Two hundred patients were recruited in the study (100 patients in each study arm) with a mean age of 73.9 years. In the pharmacist-counseled group, more patients contacted their physician within 3 days (14% versus 4%; p = 0.010), received explicit elements of education (p < 0.001) and documentation in the chart was better (p < 0.05). In the standard of care group, patients were more aware of their next physician appointment date (52% versus 31%, p < 0.001). No difference in bleeding rates at day 3 and 30 post-discharge was observed between the groups. Conclusions Although pharmacist-conducted anticoagulation education did not appear to reduce bleeding or readmission rates at day 30, pharmacist education significantly increased patient communication with their providers in the early days post-discharge. Trial registration Lebanon Clinical Trial Registry LBCTR2020033424. Retrospectively registered. Date of registration: 06/03/2020.

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