Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis and bacteraemia without a dog bite in an immunocompetent individual

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e242432
Author(s):  
Fiona O'Riordan ◽  
Aoife Ronayne ◽  
Arthur Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Immunocompetent Individual ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
History Of

We describe the case of an immunocompetent 75-year-old man with Capnocytophaga canimorsus bacteraemia and meningitis. C. canimorsus is commonly found in the oral flora of dogs with human infection typically occurring following a bite. Unusually, while our patient was a dog owner, there was no history of bite nor scratch mark. Admission blood cultures flagged positive for Gram-negative bacilli, but prolonged molecular analysis was required before C. canimorsus was isolated in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. There is a high mortality rate in invasive infection, and in our patient’s case, antibiotic therapy was commenced prior to laboratory confirmation with our patient making a complete recovery. This case highlights the importance of including C. canimorsus in the differential diagnosis of unwell patients who keep dogs, even without a bite. This case occurred amid heightened awareness of COVID-19, which may represent predisposition for zoonoses during social isolation and increased human–pet contact.

scholarly journals ‘Bobo-Newton Syndrome’: An Unwanted Gift from Man’s Best Friend

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Y Popiel ◽  
Donald C Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Blood Isolate ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Clinical Syndromes

Capnocytophaga canimorsusis a facultative Gram-negative bacillus that is typically a constituent of the oral flora of dogs and cats. It was first isolated by Bobo and Newton in 1976 from a man presenting with meningitis following a dog bite. Transmission to humans follows various animal-related injuries, which may be gross or subtle.C canimorsuscan cause a spectrum of syndromes ranging from skin and soft tissue infection to invasive disease such as meningitis or endocarditis. The present article reports a case ofC canimorsusmeningitis in a patient with the classic risk factor of alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Clinical suspicion was confirmed by culture and genetic identification of the blood isolate. The present article reviews theCapnocytophagagenus, the clinical syndromes most commonly associated with this zoonotic organism, its laboratory identification and treatment.

scholarly journals A dog’s dinner: an interesting case presenting as gastroenteritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e226131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Elliott ◽  
John-Patrick Byars ◽  
Barbara Weinhardt ◽  
Kamaljit Khalsa
Keyword(s):  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Septic Episode ◽  
Anaerobic Bottle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Level 2

We report a case of a 60-year-old Caucasian man with a history of alcohol excess who presented to the emergency department with a 72-hour history of abdominal pain, profuse diarrhoea and vomiting. He was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) 12 hours later in extremis with severe sepsis and multiorgan failure. Collateral history from the patient on admission to ICU identified that he had been bitten by a dog 3 days prior to his symptom onset. Provisional microscopy and Gram staining from peripheral blood cultures taken on admission revealed the presence of long, thin Gram-negative bacilli in the anaerobic bottle only. This was later identified asCapnocytophaga canimorsus. The patient survived the septic episode and was discharged to level 2 care 9 days later under the care of the renal physicians for ongoing renal dialysis.

scholarly journals A Case of Urinary Sepsis Secondary to Streptococcus sanguinis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ashley Reuter ◽  
Ashley Heyman ◽  
Benjamin Stockton ◽  
David Kraklau ◽  
Michael S. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ureteral Stone ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Flank Pain ◽  
Transesophageal Echocardiogram ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguinis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urinary Sepsis

We report a case of a 71-year-old male with a history of BPH who presented with flank pain, fever, chills, abdominal pain, and nausea. He had a dental cleaning 1 month prior to admission and flosses daily. Laboratory data revealed both urine and blood cultures to be positive for streptococcus sanguinis. Computed tomography revealed a 10 mm right ureteral stone, and an ultrasound demonstrated moderate right hydronephrosis. He underwent an ureteroscopy with stent placement. A transesophageal echocardiogram was negative for endocarditis. He completed 2 weeks of IV ceftriaxone and made a complete recovery.

scholarly journals Rapid Diagnosis of Capnocytophaga canimorsus Septic Shock in an Immunocompetent Individual Using Real-Time Nanopore Sequencing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seweryn Bialasiewicz ◽  
Tania P.S. Duarte ◽  
Son H. Nguyen ◽  
Vichitra Sukumaran ◽  
Alexandra Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Droplet Digital Pcr ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Nanopore Sequencing ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus ◽  
Immunocompetent Individual

We present a case of Capnocytophaga canimorsus septic shock after a dog bite in an immunocompetent individual, where real-time nanopore metagenomic sequencing characterized the microbial agent within 19 hours, with subsequent confirmation using droplet digital PCR. Oral swabs from the dog demonstrated a nearly-identical C. canimorsus isolate by sequencing.

scholarly journals Capnocytophaga canimorsus Bloodstream Infection Associated with an Urticarial Exanthem

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
John C. Goetzinger ◽  
Austin L. LaGrow ◽  
Dena R. Shibib ◽  
Sharanjeet K. Thind
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biochemical Testing

Background. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a fastidious, slow-growing, Gram-negative rod that is a commensal bacterium in normal gingival flora of canine and feline species. Infection with the organism may cause disease ranging from flu-like symptoms to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), fulminant sepsis, meningitis, and endocarditis with an overall fatality rate of 6–26%. Risk factors for infection from C. canimorsus include immunosuppression, alcoholism, and asplenia. Case Presentation. We describe an unusual case with a relatively indolent clinical course and an urticarial exanthem in an otherwise young immunocompetent patient with a history of type 1 diabetes. The patient presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with a <1-day history of rhinorrhea, fever, and dyspnea. He met sepsis criteria on initial presentation, but left against medical advice and returned to the ED the following day, with new arthralgias and a diffuse rash, multiple erythematous, tender macules scattered across his trunk and extremities, and tonsillar erythema. He had not taken the doses of the prescribed amoxicillin. Blood cultures two days later signaled positive for growth with the Gram stain showing a Gram-negative rod. Three 7-8 cm tender targetoid lesions with central clearing were identified on the patient’s back. The patient reported two nonengorged ticks crawling on his body a week prior and sustaining a dog bite to his ear three weeks before presentation. Ultimately, the organism was identified as C. canimorsus through MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and additional biochemical testing. He was given appropriate antibiotics and improved clinically thereafter. Despite the patient’s bacteremia, he never progressed to fulminant sepsis and followed a mild clinical course with several unusual characteristics. C. canimorsus is an uncommon cause of illness in humans, but is an important pathogen to consider when evaluating a patient with a dog bite, known risk factors, and an urticarial exanthem as empiric treatment may prevent severe outcomes.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus intermedius infections: case report and literature review

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Wang ◽  
Anne M. Neilan ◽  
Michael Klompas
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Mechanical Prosthesis ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Total Arthroplasty

<em>Staphylococcus intermedius</em> is part of the normal skin and oral flora of dogs. Case reports of human infections are rare, but the true incidence is unknown because the pathogen is frequently misidentified as <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Reported cases range from soft tissue infections to brain abscess. Most reported cases in humans have been related to dog exposure. We report a case of a 73 year old female with <em>S. intermedius</em> surgical wound infection one month following a left elbow total arthroplasty. This is the first reported human case of <em>S. intermedius</em> infection of a mechanical prosthesis. The presumed source of infection was the patient’s dog. The patient was treated with vancomycin, then switched to cefazolin and rifampin once susceptibilities were known. Case reports suggest that patients generally respond well to tailored antibiotics with complete or near-complete recovery. <em>S. intermedius</em> should be included in the differential diagnosis of invasive infection amongst patients with close contact with dogs.

scholarly journals Chryseobacterium bacteraemia in a patient with heart failure: case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Wood ◽  
Antonio Abbate ◽  
Inna Tchoukina ◽  
Michael P Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Vasopressor Therapy ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Chryseobacterium Indologenes ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Biventricular Failure ◽  
Heart Failure Case ◽  
Antimicrobial Regimen

Abstract Background A 29-year-old male with recently diagnosed biventricular failure from myopericarditis and subsequent constrictive pericarditis on home milrinone presented to the Emergency Department with fevers/chills. Case summary On arrival to the Emergency Department, he was found to have septic shock and required vasopressor therapy. Chryseobacterium indologenes grew on his admission blood cultures, and he was treated with ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam. He quickly improved, allowing for a successful pericardiectomy, was weaned off inotropes and discharged from the hospital. Discussion Chryseobacterium indologenes is an environmental Gram-negative rod found in groundwater. It is rarely associated with human infection, but is associated with indwelling lines and has been documented in immunocompromised patients. Treatment typically involves line removal and a fluoroquinolone or piperacillin/tazobactam; the most optimal antimicrobial regimen and duration of treatment are unknown.

scholarly journals Bloodstream infection with Acinetobacter baumanii in a Plasmodium falciparum positive infant: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charity Wiafe Akenten ◽  
Kennedy Gyau Boahen ◽  
Kwadwo Sarfo Marfo ◽  
Nimako Sarpong ◽  
Denise Dekker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The increasing incidence of multi-antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, coupled with the risk of co-infections in malaria-endemic regions, complicates accurate diagnosis and prolongs hospitalization, thereby increasing the total cost of illness. Further, there are challenges in making the correct choice of antibiotic treatment and duration, precipitated by a lack of access to microbial culture facilities in many hospitals in Ghana. The aim of this case report is to highlight the need for blood cultures or alternative rapid tests to be performed routinely in malaria patients, to diagnose co-infections with bacteria, especially when symptoms persist after antimalarial treatment. Case presentation A 6-month old black female child presented to the Agogo Presbyterian Hospital with fever, diarrhea, and a 3-day history of cough. A rapid diagnostic test for malaria and Malaria microscopy was positive for P. falciparum with a parasitemia of 224 parasites/μl. The patient was treated with Intravenous Artesunate, parental antibiotics (cefuroxime and gentamicin) and oral dispersible zinc tablets in addition to intravenous fluids. Blood culture yielded Acinetobacter baumanii, which was resistant to all of the third-generation antibiotics included in the susceptibility test conducted, but sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. After augmenting treatment with intravenous ciprofloxacin, all symptoms resolved. Conclusion Even though this study cannot confirm whether the bacterial infection was nosocomial or otherwise, the case highlights the necessity to test malaria patients for possible co-infections, especially when fever persists after parasites have been cleared from the bloodstream. Bacterial blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be routinely performed to guide treatment options for febril illnesses in Ghana in order to reduce inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and limit the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Some Experiments and Observations on the Longevity of Diphyllobothrium Infections

1936 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Leiper
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Typical Instance ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Latum

In an article on “The Longevity of Diphyllobothrium latum” published in 1935 in the “Recueil des Travaux dédié au 25-me Anniversaire Scientifique du Professeur Eugène Paviosky 1909−1934”, it is suggested that present day conceptions regarding the longevity of this parasite are erroneous and that multiple successive infections are frequently attributed to a single long-lived specimen. Ward gives a detailed review and analysis of the evidence hitherto published both in general works and special monographs and cites as specially important the history of the occurrence of this species on the North American continent. He points out that the age of the parasite is regularly based on the statement that the host had not been in an infected region for the period indicated. To this statement, Ward puts forward the objections that the distribution of the parasite and the natural occurrence of plerocercoid carrying fish are far more extensive than was formerly suspected and, further, that infected fish are distributed commercially as food to regions far outside their natural area of distribution. He also refers to certain records which seem to indicate that there is a “period of inactivity” during the adult life of the parasite and suggests that its alleged occurrence throws doubt upon the supposed longevity of the parasite. In support of this contention, he cites, as a typical instance, a case of human infection with Diphyllobothrium latum reported by me (Leiper, 1928) as a “cryptic infection”; regarding which he erroneously states that I believed was “latent” for 5 years.

Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood: Long-term outcome

Cephalalgia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Krams ◽  
Bernard Echenne ◽  
Julie Leydet ◽  
François Rivier ◽  
Agathe Roubertie
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Homogeneous Condition ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Family Medical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Attacks Of Vertigo ◽  
Epidemiological Link

Introduction Benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) is characterized by recurrent attacks of dizziness in a healthy child. Complete recovery typically takes place during childhood, and an epidemiological link with migraine has been pointed out. Nevertheless, data concerning long-term patient outcome are scarce. Subjects and methods We analyzed the clinical data of 17 patients diagnosed with BPV between 1991 and 2008 in our neuropediatric department; we particularly focused on family medical history and long-term patient outcome by reviewing their medical files and by interviewing the families with a standardized questionnaire administered by phone. Results Thirteen families responded to the questionnaire, performed 1.1 to 24.5 years after onset. Among 10 patients older than 11 years of age, five continue to suffer attacks of vertigo. Median age at recovery was six years. Nine subjects exhibited migraine, including all six aged 15 years or older. There was a first-degree history of migraine in eight out of 13 children. Conclusion BPV may not be a homogeneous condition, as some children have a poorer prognosis than others. The strong link with migraine, already noticed by previous authors, led us to discuss the pathophysiology of this condition.

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