scholarly journals Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. j1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Etemadi ◽  
Rashmi Sinha ◽  
Mary H Ward ◽  
Barry I Graubard ◽  
Maki Inoue-Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Study Population

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet and telomere length in Nurses' Health Study: population based cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 349 (dec02 5) ◽  
pp. g6674-g6674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Crous-Bou ◽  
T. T. Fung ◽  
J. Prescott ◽  
B. Julin ◽  
M. Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Study Population

scholarly journals The Association of Periodontitis and Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in a Prospective Population-Based Cross-Sectional Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048
Author(s):  
Nicole Jacobi ◽  
Carolin Walther ◽  
Katrin Borof ◽  
Guido Heydecke ◽  
Udo Seedorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽  
Occlusive Disease ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Objectives: Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and periodontitis are common chronic diseases, which together affect almost 1 billion people worldwide. There is growing evidence suggesting a relationship between chronic inflammatory conditions such as periodontitis and PAOD. This study aims to determine an association between both entities using high quality research data and multiple phenotypes derived from an epidemiological cohort study. Design: This population-based cross-sectional cohort study included data from 3271 participants aged between 45 and 74 years enrolled in the Hamburg City Health Study (NCT03934957). Material & Methods: An ankle-brachial-index below 0.9, color-coded ultrasound of the lower extremity arteries, and survey data was used to identify participants with either asymptomatic or symptomatic PAOD. Periodontitis data was collected at six sites per tooth and included the probing depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing index. Multivariate analyses using logistic regression models were adjusted for variables including age, sex, smoking, education, diabetes, and hypertension. Results: The baseline characteristics differed widely between participants neither affected by periodontitis nor PAOD vs. the group where both PAOD and severe periodontitis were identified. A higher rate of males, higher age, lower education level, smoking, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease was observed in the group affected by both diseases. After adjusting, presence of severe periodontitis (odds ratio 1.265; 97.5% CI 1.006–1.591; p = 0.045) was independently associated with PAOD. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study, an independent association between periodontitis and PAOD was revealed. The results of the current study emphasize a potential for preventive medicine in an extremely sensitive target population. Future studies should determine the underlying factors modifying the relationship between both diseases.

Headache as a risk factor for dementia: A prospective population-based study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Hagen ◽  
Eystein Stordal ◽  
Mattias Linde ◽  
Timothy J Steiner ◽  
John-Anker Zwart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Headache has not been established as a risk factor for dementia. The aim of this study was to determine whether any headache was associated with subsequent development of vascular dementia (VaD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or other types of dementia. Methods This prospective population-based cohort study used baseline data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT 2) performed during 1995–1997 and, from the same Norwegian county, a register of cases diagnosed with dementia during 1997–2010. Participants aged ≥20 years who responded to headache questions in HUNT 2 were categorized (headache free; with any headache; with migraine; with nonmigrainous headache). Hazard ratios (HRs) for later inclusion in the dementia register were estimated using Cox regression analysis. Results Of 51,383 participants providing headache data in HUNT 2, 378 appeared in the dementia register during the follow-up period. Compared to those who were headache free, participants with any headache had increased risk of VaD ( n = 63) (multivariate-adjusted HR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.4–3.8, p = 0.002) and of mixed dementia (VaD and AD ( n = 52)) (adjusted HR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.5, p = 0.018). There was no association between any headache and later development of AD ( n = 180). Conclusion In this prospective population-based cohort study, any headache was a risk factor for development of VaD.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular health outcomes of mobbing at work: results of the population-based, five-year follow-up of the Gutenberg health study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Romero Starke ◽  
Janice Hegewald ◽  
Andreas Schulz ◽  
Susan Garthus-Niegel ◽  
Matthias Nübling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gutenberg Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine if there is an increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) resulting from workplace mobbing measured with two mobbing instruments in the Gutenberg Health Study. Methods In this prospective study, we examined working persons younger than 65 years for the presence of mobbing at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up using a single-item and a 5-item instrument. We used multivariate models to investigate the association between mobbing and incident CVD, hypertension, and change in arterial stiffness and further stratified the models by sex. Results After adjustment for confounders, mobbed workers appeared to have a higher risk of incident CVD than those not mobbed (single-item HR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.73–2.24; 5-item HR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.96–2.54). With the 5-item instrument, men who reported mobbing had a higher risk of incident CVD (HR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.01–3.09), while no association was observed for women (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.38–2.91). There was no difference in risks between men and women with the single-item instrument. No association between mobbing and incident hypertension and arterial stiffness was seen. Conclusions Our results show an indication of an increased risk of incident CVD for those mobbed at baseline when using the whole study population. Differences in risks between men and women when using the five-item instrument may be due to the instrument itself. Still, it is essential to detect or prevent workplace mobbing, and if present, to apply an intervention to halt it in order to minimize its adverse effects on CVD.

scholarly journals The impact of obstetric interventions and complications on women’s satisfaction with childbirth - a population based cohort study including 16000 women.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Falk ◽  
Marie Nelson ◽  
Marie Blomberg
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Individualized Care ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: As a quality marker and a tool for benchmarking between units, a visual analogue scale (VAS) (ranging from 1 to 10) to estimate woman’s satisfaction with childbirth was introduced in 2014. This study aimed to assess how obstetric interventions and complications affected women’s satisfaction with childbirth. Methods: A retrospective cohort study including 16775 women with an available VAS score who gave birth between January 2016 and December 2017. VAS score, maternal and obstetric characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records and crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated. Results: The total prevalence of dissatisfaction with childbirth (VAS 1-3) was 5.7%. The main risk factors for dissatisfaction with childbirth were emergency cesarean section, aOR 3.98 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.27-4.86, postpartum hemorrhage ³2000 ml, aOR 1.85 95%CI 1.24-2.76 and Apgar score <7 at five minutes, aOR 2.95 95%CI 1.95-4.47. The amount of postpartum hemorrhage showed a dose-response relation to dissatisfaction with childbirth. Moreover, labor induction, instrumental vaginal delivery, and obstetric anal sphincter injury were significantly associated with women´s dissatisfaction with childbirth. A total number of 4429/21204 (21%) women giving birth during the study period () had missing values on VAS. A comparison of characteristics between women with and without a recorded VAS score was performed. There were statistically significant differences in maternal age and maternal BMI between the study population and excluded women due to missing values on VAS. Moreover, 64% of the women excluded were multiparas, compared to 59% in the study population. Conclusions: Obstetric interventions and complications, including emergency cesareans section and postpartum hemorrhage, were significantly related to dissatisfaction with childbirth. Such events are common and awareness of these associations might lead to a more individualized care of women during and after childbirth.

scholarly journals Remission of chronic headache: An 11-year follow-up study. Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Surveys 1995–1997 and 2006–2008

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (14) ◽  
pp. 2026-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Hagen ◽  
Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen ◽  
Bendik Slagvold Winsvold ◽  
Lars Jacob Stovner ◽  
John-Anker Zwart
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints

Objectives To estimate remission rates of chronic headache and predictors of remission. Methods In this longitudinal population-based cohort study, we used validated headache questionnaire data from the second (1995–1997, baseline; n = 51,856 aged ≥ 20 years, response rate: 55%) and third wave (2006–2008, follow-up, response rate: 42%) of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Chronic headache was defined as ≥15 headache days/month during the last year. Chronic headache remission was defined as headache less than 15 days/month at follow-up. Potential predictors of remission were evaluated using logistic regression. Results At baseline, 1266 (2.4%) participants reported chronic headache. Of these, 605 (48%) answered headache questions at follow-up. Remission was observed in 452 (74.7%), the proportion being almost identical in men and women (74.4% vs. 74.9, p = 0.92). In analyses adjusting for age, gender and education level, remission at follow-up was more than two times more likely among individuals without medication overuse headache (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.6) and without chronic musculoskeletal complaints (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.5–5.0) at baseline. Conclusions In this longitudinal population-based cohort study, three-quarters of chronic headache participants remitted from chronic headache. Remission was associated with no medication overuse headache and no chronic musculoskeletal complaints at baseline.

scholarly journals Appropriateness of Ticagrelor Use at Initiation: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gregoire ◽  
Paul Poirier ◽  
Norma Pérez ◽  
Éric Demers ◽  
Jocelyne Moisan
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Inception Cohort ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Public Drug

Purpose. Ticagrelor is recommended following an acute coronary syndrome if used appropriately. Its use has not yet been well described in the context of ambulatory clinical practice. The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of ticagrelor new users who initiated this medication appropriately and explore associated factors. Methods. A retrospective population-based inception cohort study was conducted using Quebec administrative databases. The study population included all Quebec residents aged ≥18 years who had a first ticagrelor prescription claim between 1 January, 2012, and 31 March, 2015, and had been continuously eligible in the Quebec public drug plan during the 365 days preceding the first ticagrelor claim. The initial ticagrelor prescription was considered appropriate if:1) it met the indication for use criterion, 2) the prescribed daily dose was 90 mg twice a day, and 3) there was a concomitant use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 80–81 mg daily. Factors potentially associated with the ticagrelor appropriateness of use were included in a logistic log-binomial regression model. Results. A total of 7,073 patients were included in the study, 6,013 (85.0%) had an appropriate indication, 6,895 (97.5%) were prescribed ticagrelor 90 mg twice a day, and 6,385 (90.3%) had a concomitant prescription of ASA. A total of 5,371 (75.9%) patients were prescribed ticagrelor in accordance with all criteria. Twelve factors were associated with prescription appropriateness. Conclusions. A large majority of patients initiated ticagrelor appropriately. Further improvement in appropriateness may come at targeting indication for use.

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