scholarly journals Factors associated with renal dysfunction in hepatitis C-related cirrhosis and its correlation with Child-Pugh score

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Waqar Bhatti ◽  
Umama Tahir ◽  
Noman Ahmed Chaudhary ◽  
Sania Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Hafeez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Level Of Significance

ObjectivesTo assess factors associated with renal dysfunction (RD) in hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis, correlate renal parameters with Child-Pugh score (CPS) and find a cut-off value of CPS to determine RD.Materials and methodsIt was a cross-sectional study that included 70 cases of liver cirrhosis secondary to HCV from a period of 6 months at Combined Military Hospital, Multan. Diagnosis of HCV was confirmed by serological assay and liver cirrhosis by ultrasonography. CPS was determined and lab reports were taken. Patients were divided into two groups as not having RD (serum creatinine≤1.5 mg/dL) and having RD (serum creatinine≥1.5 mg/dL). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.23.0. χ2, Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson coefficient of correlation were applied. ROC curve was drawn to evaluate cut-off value of CPS for the presence of RD. Level of significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsPatients with CP grade B or C develop RD as compared to patients with CP grade A (p=0.000). Mean age, urea, creatinine and eGFR varies significantly among patients who develop RD and patients who do not (p=0.02, p=0.000, p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). eGFR negatively correlates with CPS (r=−0.359, p=0.002). Creatinine, urea and ALBI score positively correlates with CPS (r=+0.417, p=0.000; r=+0.757, p=0.000; r=+0.362, p=0.002, respectively).ConclusionAscites and encephalopathy are associated with RD in HCV cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Renal Dysfunction among Ghanaians Living with Clinically Diagnosed Hypertension in the Asutifi-South District: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study at the St. Elizabeth Hospital, Hwidiem

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽  
James Osei-Yeboah ◽  
William K. B. A. Owiredu ◽  
Francis Abeku Ussher ◽  
Verner Ndudiri Orish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Brong Ahafo Region ◽  
Brong Ahafo

Background. This study aimed at evaluating the burden of renal dysfunction among people living with hypertension in the Asutifi-South District of the Brong Ahafo Region, who were attending clinic at the St. Elizabeth Hospital in Hwidiem. Methodology. A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among two hundred (200) hypertensive clients aged between 27 and 88 years who reported for clinical management from January to March, 2018. Data on sociodemography, comorbid disease status, antihypertensive medication, and their duration was obtained using a semistructured questionnaire and patient folders. Blood pressure, weight, and creatinine were measured using standard methods. Kidney function was assessed using Cockcroft Gault (CG), Four-Variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (4v-MDRD) and the Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations. The 2012 Kidney Disease Improvement Global Outcome (KDIGO) Criteria were used to categorize renal function among study participants. Results. Renal impairment was observed among 25.00%, 9.50%, and 10.50% of study participants using CG, 4v-MDRD, and CKD-EPI equations, respectively. With the exception of CKD-EPI equation, females significantly recorded higher scores compared to their male counterparts (28.95% vs 12.5%, 11.84%, vs 2.08%) using CG and 4v-MDRD, respectively. Participants aged 50 years or more recorded the highest renal impairment. Conclusion. Renal dysfunction is common among people living with hypertension in the Asutifi-South District of the Brong Ahafo Region. Femininity, older age, disease comorbidity with diabetes, Thiazide diuretic and AR Blocker usage, and increasing duration of medication accounted for higher kidney dysfunction. Regular screening and management are therefore recommended to avert progression to end-stage renal failure (ESRD).

scholarly journals Occurrence of Thrombocytopenia in Non-Cirrhotic Hepatitis C Positive Patients

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hcv Antibody ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Thrombocytopenia is commonly encountered hematological abnormality, which might be attributed to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in acute and chronic infection. This study aims to determine the prevalence of thrombocytopenia as a clinical manifestation of chronic HCV infection in non-cirrhotic patients having spleen of normal size. A cross sectional study was carried out in Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in Gastroenterology and Medical Outpatient Department from January to October 2017. The investigation was carried out on patients between age 20 to 60 years with anti-HCV antibody positive. All patients having liver cirrhosis, or fibrosis and splenomegaly, or having thrombocytopenia from other causes i.e. any drug use or other chronic infections were excluded from the study. A total of 67 patients fulfilling the criteria were selected. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 34.3% of the subjects, among them 17.9% exhibited mild thrombocytopenia (150000/μL to 400000/μL); 11.9% (51000/μL to 100000/μL) exhibited moderate thrombocytopenia while 4.5% (less than 50000/μL) showed severe thrombocytopenia. Thus, the study exhibited the presence of thrombocytopenia in chronic HCV patients without liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly that proves the contribution of HCV to induce thrombocytopenia. Keywords: Thrombocytopenia, HCV, Cirrhosis

scholarly journals THE PRACTICE AND PERCEPTION OF HOSPITAL PHARMACISTS TOWARDS ERRORS IN DISPENSING MEDICINES AND THEIR POSSIBLE CAUSES IN OMDURMAN MILITARY HOSPITAL, SUDAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mussab Salah ◽  
Ali Awadallah Saeed ◽  
Mai Abdalla Humaida ◽  
Tarig M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Dispensing Errors

Introduction: Hospital pharmacies dispensing errors are common and investigating them for identifying factors involved in it and developing strategies to minimize their occurrence. Errors can arise at any stage during the dispensing process. Dispensing errors were identified by checking the prescribed drug against the dispensed medication. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study involving 100 pharmacists who were administered a survey research designed to assess pharmacists' attitudes, factors associated with DEs and involvement in DE, conducted between 1st January 2019 and 1st February 2019 at Omdurman Military Hospital (OMH) Pharmacies. A data analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 21. Results: 55% from the pharmacists in the study have poor attitude toward dispensing errors. The most common factors influencing dispensing errors as stated by participants were lack of therapeutic training (stated by 81%), 62% from the participants stated that workload and time pressure are causes of dispensing errors in area of factors associated with the work environment. 48% from the pharmacists in the study committing dispensing errors, 41.7% from them committed dispensing errors once while 23% committed fourth or more. Conclusion: With the multiplicity of risk factors in our environment, there is urgent need to reinforce the training of pharmacists and the provision of resource materials and enabling work environment aimed at minimizing medication errors. Peer Review History: Received: 8 September 2020; Revised: 7 October; Accepted: 20 October, Available online: 15 November 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Prof. Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, [email protected]   Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: AWARENESS OF PHARMACISTS TOWARDS ASPARTAME SIDE EFFECTS IN KHARTOUM CITY, SUDAN

scholarly journals Factors associated with hepatitis C prevalence differ by the stage of liver fibrosis: A cross-sectional study in the general population in Poland, 2012-2016

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e0185055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rosińska ◽  
Natalia Parda ◽  
Agnieszka Kołakowska ◽  
Paulina Godzik ◽  
Karolina Zakrzewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals EAR RECONSTRUCTION SURGERY: OUTCOME ANALYSIS OF 108 PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S565-68
Author(s):  
Ghazanfar Ali ◽  
Sikandar Ali Khan ◽  
Habib Ur Rehman ◽  
Atif Rafique ◽  
Ghulam Fareed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Outcome Analysis ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgery Outcome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Made In

Objective: To find out the outcome of the ear Reconstruction and its association with improvement in psychological wellbeing along with physical benefits. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plastic Surgery and ENT, Combined Military Hospital Quetta and Multan in liaison with the department of Psychiatry, from Jan 2017 to Jan 2021. Methodology: A sample size of 108 was estimated while keeping level of significance 5%, confidence level 90%, estimated true proportion 63% based on the observation made in the study by Steffen, and 5% of absolute precision. Specific performas were filled by the patient pre and post operatively and data analysis was performed using SPSS-20. Results: The mean age was 20 ± 8.75 years with a range of 12-29 years. Thirteen (11.11%) were male and ninety-five (87.8%) were females, 14 (12.9%) were married, 94 (86%) were un-married and all (100%) had social support. Fifty-two (48.1%) had primary education. Ninety-four (94%) were un-employed. Fifty-five (50.9%) of participants had congenital ear defect. Ninetyeight (90.7%) of the participants showed confidence in surgical procedure and would go for the same procedure if required, 5 (4.6%) said no to the same procedure while 8 (7.4%) did not know whether to opt for same procedure. Conclusion: Ear Reconstruction is a very rewarding procedure for surgeon and patients. Apart from aesthetic and functional improvement it also enhances the self-esteem of the patients.

scholarly journals Factors associated to the human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer

Rev Rene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e43681
Author(s):  
Daiany Helena Stein Guedes ◽  
Bruno Henrique Fiorin ◽  
Marcos Vinicius Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Kátia Cirlene Gomes Viana ◽  
Flávia Batista Portugal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Multiple Sex Partners ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Level Of Significance

Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the human papillomavirus as related to cervical cancer. Methods: cross-sectional study carried out using secondary data from 75 medical records. The chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were used, considering papillomavirus infections as an outcome. Odds ratio were used to measure the effect, and the level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: the characteristics associated to the infection by the papillomavirus were: being 24 years old or younger (odds ratio=19.11; p=0.001), having finished high school or higher education (odds ratio=4.06; p=0.031), having multiple sex partners (odds ratio=5.50; p=0.028), and having not gone through menopause (p=0.009). Conclusion: sexual behavior and socioeconomic issues are related to cervical cancer as associated with the papillomavirus infection.

scholarly journals Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Positive Cases of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in 100 Dialysis Dependent Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Riaz Gul ◽  
Ahmad Zeb ◽  
Naila Sher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hepatitis Infection

The main objective of the study was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in hemodialysis dependent patients who are positive for either type of hepatitis infection.Methodology:Study was conducted for duration of five months (1st Dec 2014- 23rd April 2015) at nephrology unit of Khyber teaching hospital and kidney center of Hayat Abad medical complex. Patients who were dependent on dialysis with renal failure due to any cause were targeted for the study. All patients who were found positive for either type of hepatitis infection were included in the study. All patients who were positive with hepatitis infection before the start of dialysis and those who came for the first time for dialysis were excluded from the study.A semi structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions was used to collect the information from the patients. Written consent was taken from all the patients prior to the data collection after explaining purpose of the study. It was a cross sectional study and non-probability convenient sampling technique was adopted for the data collection. Total of hundred patients who were positive for hepatitis were taken as sample size. Patient’s record was also thoroughly checked as an adding tool for data collection. Apart from patients some inquiry was also done from the concerned staff working on dialysis machines.Results:Results of this study show that the prevalence of hepatitis infection is more in dialysis dependent patients as compared to the general population, and that among the positive cases the frequency of hepatitis C was more than hepatitis B. Common risk factors associated with increase prevalence of hepatitis infection among hemodialysis dependent patients are frequent blood transfusion without proper screening, lack of proper sterilization of dialysis machine and environment where dialysis is carried out. Close proximity of the patients with positive cases of hepatitis positive patients, previous surgical procedures carried out, history of hepatitis infection in family and decreased immunity of the dialysis patientsConclusions:Frequent dialysis leads to increase frequency of hepatitis C as compared to hepatitis B and unsterilized environment of the area around the machine and unscreened blood transfusion are the major contributors.

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